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1、專項(xiàng)十一名詞性從句專項(xiàng)十一名詞性從句 一、名詞性從句中what的考查what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)表示“所有的事物、東西，凡是的事物”，充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)判斷黑體what所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?你想用語(yǔ)言所傳達(dá)的信息可能與他人所理解的恰恰相反。The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand._Part 規(guī)律印證 考 點(diǎn) 落 實(shí) ， 步 步 為 “ 贏 ” 邊 做 邊 悟(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷) 警察找到的東西似乎是那尊丟失

2、的古代雕像。Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue._(2013北京卷) 讓這本書(shū)如此非凡的是作者創(chuàng)造性的想象力。What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer._答案what在從句中作賓語(yǔ) what在從句中作主語(yǔ) what在從句中作主語(yǔ) 二、名詞性從句中that 的考查that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，沒(méi)有詞義，不作句子的任何成分，只起連接詞的作用。(2013山東卷)Its good to know _ the

3、 dogs will be well cared for while were away.答案that句意：得知我們離開(kāi)時(shí)狗會(huì)得到很好的照顧真高興。分析句子成分可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而且在從句中不作任何句子成分。 三、名詞性從句中whether的考查whether為連詞，在從句中不作任何成分，意為“是否”， 表示不肯定，不把握，有疑問(wèn)等意義。(2013陜西卷)It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.答案whether句意：這個(gè)新形成的委員會(huì)的政策能否實(shí)施還有待觀察

4、。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，It作形式主語(yǔ)，而真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的從句“ _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”；再根據(jù)句意來(lái)判斷，此處表示“是否”的意思。The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.答案whether句意：一個(gè)人的智力極限，通常來(lái)說(shuō)，出生時(shí)就已經(jīng)定型了，但他是否能夠達(dá)到這

5、些極限則取決于他的生活環(huán)境。根據(jù)“depend on”可知，主語(yǔ)從句“ _ he reaches these limits”中含有不確定因素，故用whether。 1what 與 that (1)【誤】 All what he did was for you.【正】 What he did was for you.【正】 All that he did was for you.(2)【誤】 I was thinking that I could do for you.【正】 I was thinking what I could do for you.解析what 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，what 相

6、當(dāng)于 the thing that/the.that/all that 等，具體的意義要根據(jù)上下文確定。在名詞性從句中，what 既有意義，又在從句中作一定的成分，而 that 無(wú)意義，且在從句中不作成分?？?點(diǎn) 警 示 2who 與 whoever 【誤】 Who is the first to come will get a gift.【正】 Whoever is the first to come will get a gift.【正】 Anyone who is the first to come will get a gift.解析whoever 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，意為“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”，相當(dāng)

7、于 anyone who；而 who 意為“誰(shuí)”。 3whether 與 if (1)【誤】 They dont know if to go there.【正】 They dont know whether to go there.(2)【誤】 It depends on if we have enough time.【正】 It depends on whether we have enough time.解析與 to do 不定式連用或作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，連接詞一般用 whether，不用 if。 4whoever 與 whomever 【誤】 Please give the book to w

8、homever needs it most.【正】 Please give the book to whoever needs it most.解析此處，whoever 在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此不能用 whoever。名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇要注意其意義及它在從句中所作的成分。 5【誤】 He will win the match is certain.【正】 That he will win the match is certain.【正】 It is certain that he will win the match.解析that 位于句首引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不能省略。 6【誤】 What we

9、bought was some bananas.【正】 What we bought were some bananas.解析what 引導(dǎo)的從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 7名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序 【誤】 So now you know what should you do.【正】 So now you know what you should do.解析名詞性從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。 8【誤】 Theres a fact that English is being accepted as an important language.【正】 Its a fact that Engl

10、ish is being accepted as an important language.解析It is a fact that.句型中，it 為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的that 從句。it 不能換成 there。 9【誤】 He is late.Thats why he got up late this morning. 【正】 He is late.Thats because he got up late this morning.解析Thats why.的原因 Thats because.那是因?yàn)椤４颂幤鸫餐硎沁t到的原因，故用 Thats because. 一、名詞性從句中wha

11、t 與 that 的比較that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，也沒(méi)有任何含義；what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。(2013四川卷) _ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.答案What句意：你在會(huì)上所說(shuō)的話描述了公司的光明前景。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用what。易 錯(cuò) 防 范It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.答案thatIt occurs

12、/occurred to sb that.是固定句型，表示“某人突然想起”。it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句作真正的主語(yǔ)。 二、名詞性從句中whether 與 if 的比較whether 和 if 在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以倒換，但介詞后一般用 whether，在其他情況下用 whether 而不用if。試比較：I wonder _ you would like to join us in the outing this weekend.I have no idea _ he will come to help us. _ you can come or not makes a difference.

13、It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.答案whether/if whether Whether whether 三、名詞性從句中whichever與whoever及whatever的比較whoever與whatever表泛指，意為“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”，“無(wú)論什么”；whichever表示在特定范圍內(nèi)選擇，意為“無(wú)論的哪一個(gè)、哪一些”。We have plenty of books.You may take _ you like.Its generally considere

14、d unwise to give a child _ he or she wants._ of them gains the most points wins the competition._ leaves the room last should close the door.答案whicheverwhateverWhichever Whoever 四、名詞性從句中who與whoever的比較who在名詞性從句中表示“誰(shuí)”；whoever相當(dāng)于anyone who或those who。 _ breaks the law should be punished. _ broke the gla

15、ss is still unknown. 我們承諾給參加聚會(huì)的人一個(gè)同電影明星照相的機(jī)會(huì)。We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.答案Whoever Whowhoever 五、名詞性從句中why與because的比較why引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)意思是“為什么”，可在從句中作主、賓、表、同位語(yǔ)從句；because意思是“因?yàn)椤保灰龑?dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。He was late.Thats _ he was stuck in the traffic jam.He was stuck in the traffic jam.Thats _ he was late.(2013安徽卷)From space, the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.答案because whybecause