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牛津高中英語 模塊四 高一下學(xué)期 AdvancewithEnglish Grammarandusage Unit2Sportingevents Modalverbs 課件描述 通過對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的介紹來幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化 有詞義 但是不完整 不能單獨(dú)做謂語 必須和不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用 ability certainty permission obligation makerequests makesuggestions makeoffers giveadvice 能力 義務(wù) 責(zé)任 確定 允許 提出請(qǐng)求 提出建議 提供幫忙 提出忠告 Modalverbs generalintroduction 1 Hecanrunthe100msprintin11seconds 2 Canthislittlegirlreadbeforeshegoestotheprimaryschool ability can表示可能性時(shí) 指的是理論上的可能 它通常不用來表示某事實(shí)際發(fā)生的可能性或真實(shí)性 如 Accidentscanhappen Anybodycanmakemistakes can beableto can beableto ability 在過去時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句中需要某種條件或努力做成某事 我們要用was wereableto而不能用could 如 Itwasaholidayandthechildrenwereabletogototheseaside Thegirlworkedhardsoshewasabletopassthefinaltest I msorryIhaven tbeenabletoplaytenniswithyourecently obligation oughtto should oughtto與should意思接近 大多數(shù)情況下二者可以互換 但是should談的是自己的主觀看法 用于各種人稱 oughtto則更多反映客觀情況 在談到法律 義務(wù)和規(guī)定時(shí)使用 如 Weshould oughttohelpeachotherandlearnfromeachotherinourwork Youshouldn tspendsomuchtimeplaying Sheisyourmother soyououghttosupporther Oughthetogo Yes Ithinkheought to haveto must obligation must與haveto都可以表示 必須 的意思 但要注意以下兩點(diǎn)區(qū)別 1 must只有現(xiàn)在時(shí) 而haveto有現(xiàn)在時(shí) 過去時(shí)和將來時(shí) 如 Wemustworkhard orwe llfailintheexamination Twoyearsago thepoorgirlhadtoleaveschoolforlackofmoney 2 must表示主觀看法 haveto則側(cè)重于客觀需要 如 Wemustbestrictwithourselvesineverything Incitieswithmanycars somepeoplehavetowearmasks obligation haveto must ShemightwinamedalattheOlympics Shemaybeathomenow Shecouldreadandwriteattheageof4 Sheshouldcometojoinus Sheoughtto will musthelpmewheneverIamintrouble certainty might may could should oughtto will must veryuncertainty almostcertainty can could may might could比can更委婉 might比may更委婉 CanIwatchtheOlympics Yes youcan No youcan t MayIwatchTVafterfinishingmyhomework Yes youmay No youmustn t No youmaynot No you dbetternot permission informal spoken formal written Will Can Could Wouldyouhelpmewithmytraining Yes Iwill can can will will can could would makerequests informal formal makesuggestions shall常用于第一 三人稱 表示征求對(duì)方意見 Shallwe I he she theydosomeexercisethismorning Yes Shallhecomein Ok makeoffers I llwashyoursportsjacket ShallIgetaticketforyou Shallwecarrythebooksforyou ShallIcleantheblackboardforyou giveadvice Youshouldnot oughtnottoeatalotbeforeswimming Thestudentsshouldspendalltheirtimeworkingattheirlessons 和其他時(shí)態(tài)的連用 Theboysmaybeplayingfootballontheplayground Theboysmayhavefinishedtheirhomeworkbythetimeschoolisover Heplaysbasketballverywell Hemusthavepracticeditalot OurheadmastermusthavebeentoUSA forheknowsthecountrysomuch musthavedone的反意疑問句 Youmusthaveseenthefilm haven tyou Youmusthaveseenthefilmlastweek didn tyou Hisparentsmusthavebeatenhim haven tthey Hisparentsmusthavebeatenhimyesterday didn tthey shall可以用來征求對(duì)方意見 用于第一 三人稱 此外它也可以用來表示說話人的命令 警告 允諾 威脅或決心等 這時(shí)它用于第二 三人稱 如 Shallshegototheconcertwithusthisevening 征求意見 Youshallgotothefrontatonce 命令 Don tworry Youshallgettheanswerthisveryafternoon 允諾 Heshallbesorryoneday Itellyou 警告 Nothingshallstopusfromfightingagainstpollution 決心 shall will will在肯定句中表示意愿或決心時(shí) 是可以用于條件狀語從句的 在疑問句中用于第二 三人稱表示意愿 如 Willyougohikingwithmeinthemountain Willhepayforme Ifyouwilllistentome I llgiveyousomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish Ifyouwillcomethisway themanagerwillmeetyou shall will mustn t needn t mustn t解釋為 不準(zhǔn) 不許 語氣強(qiáng)烈 needn t 不需要 沒必要 語氣緩和 Youmustn tmissthisfootballmatch It sveryimportant Youneedn twatchthegameifyoudon twantto Mustwecleantheclassroom Yes youmust No youneedn t need dare 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí) 兩個(gè)詞常用于疑問句和否定句 NeedIhelpyou Yes please Youneedn ttelephonehimnow Howdareyoutalktotheteacherlikethat Thegirldarenotgooutaloneatnight 用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí) 可用于各種句式 Weneedtotellhimthenews Youdon tneedtotellhimthenews Dotheflowersneedwatering Ididn tdaretotellyouthetruth Wouldyoudaretocatchthesnakewithyourhand Theboydarestodoanythinghelikes need dare Haveatry Aleft luggageofficeisaplacewherebags beleftforashorttime especiallyatarailwaystation A shouldB canC mustD will B 2 How yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle A canB mustC needD may A 3 Theroomissodirty wecleanit Ofcourse A WillB ShallC WouldD Do B 4 MyEnglish Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared Who havetakenit A shouldB mustC couldD would C 5 Ihearyou vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins Ihavealook Yes certainly A DoB MayC ShallD Should B 6 Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou You homewithoutaword A mustn tleaveB shouldn thaveleftC couldn thaveleftD needn tleave B 7 AreyoucomingtoJeff sparty I mnotsure I gototheconcertinstead A mustB wouldC shouldD might D 8 Sorry I mlate I haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain A mightB shouldC canD will A 9 WhencanIcomeforthephotos Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon They bereadyby12 00 A canB shouldC mightD need B 10 Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone getout A hadtoB wouldC wasabletoD could C 11 Whenhewasthere he gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday A wouldB shouldC hadbetterD might A 12 Iwonderhowhe thattotheteacher A daretosayB daresayingC notdaresayD daredsay D