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1、Part1 M8.Unit3Unit3Unit3The world of coloursThe world of colours and and lightlightModule8重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞7 、 distribute vt. 傳播，散布，發(fā)行distribute sth. among sb. 在中分配distribute sth. to sb. 把分給某人These books were_distributed_among_schools in the area. 這批書(shū)是在本地區(qū)的學(xué)校中分配的。The demonstrators distributed leaflets to

2、passersby. 示威者向行人分發(fā)傳單。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞distribution n. 分配，分布，分發(fā)distributive adj. 分配的，分布的，分發(fā)的distributor n. 分配者，分布者，分發(fā)者重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 distribute 指將某物分成一定的部分或數(shù)量，通常各份的數(shù)量不一定相等，然后分給某些人或地方。 divide 指把整體分成若干部分。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞The books in the library were distributed according to subjects. 圖書(shū)館里的藏書(shū)按科目分類。The mother distrib

3、uted candies among children. 母親給孩子們發(fā)糖果。The teacher divided_the_class and took one section to the library and left the other to write an article. 老師把該班分開(kāi)，把一組人領(lǐng)去圖書(shū)館，留下其余的人寫(xiě)作文。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞I think we should _ the cost equally among us. What do you think?A. divide B. distributeC. separate D. expand A divi

4、de分開(kāi)(把整體分成若干份)，常與into連用；distribute分布，分配；separate 把與分開(kāi)，常與from連用；expand擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞8 、 appetite n.愛(ài)好；欲望；食欲；胃口Exercise gave us a_good_appetite. 運(yùn)動(dòng)使我們胃口大增?！咀⒁狻縜ppetite 表示“食欲；愛(ài)好；欣賞”的時(shí)候，相當(dāng)于taste。She shows a good_appetite_/taste_in_music. 她對(duì)音樂(lè)的鑒賞力很高。 當(dāng)appetite表示“欲望；渴望”時(shí)，相當(dāng)于desire。I have_no_appetite_/d

5、esire_to discuss the matter further. 我不想再談此事。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞have an appetite for sth. 愛(ài)好to sb.s appetite 合某人的口味(心意)lose ones appetite 食欲不振have a good / poor appetite 胃口好/ 不好spoil/ ruin /take away ones appetite 影響食欲He has an appetite for traveling. 他非常喜歡旅游。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞9 、abandon vt. 完全放棄；離棄；拋棄 n. 放任，狂熱The

6、 sailors abandoned the burning ship. 航員們放棄了那艘著火的船。The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon. 那些女孩子跳上跳下盡情地?fù)]舞著手臂。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 abandoned adj. 墮落的，放縱的；被遺棄的 abandonment n. 放棄 abandoner n. 放棄者；【律】遺棄者 abandon oneself to 沉湎于；縱情于重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞以下動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)的一般含義是“丟棄”，區(qū)別如下： abandon的含義是失去控制，或喪失了占有的能力

7、，或“放棄”某物而不準(zhǔn)備再要了。強(qiáng)調(diào)“完全、永遠(yuǎn)地遺棄”，尤其是指遺棄以前感興趣或負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 desert的含義是“過(guò)去占有過(guò)”或“過(guò)去是伙伴”。狹義地講，這個(gè)詞指“拋棄自己的義務(wù)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”。 forsake通常表示與某人或某物脫離聯(lián)系，指“遺棄某人以前所愛(ài)的人或物”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“斷絕情感上的依戀”。 quit 強(qiáng)調(diào)“突然或不愿意地棄去”，常指“停止”。 give up強(qiáng)調(diào)指“沒(méi)有希望或因外界壓力而放棄”。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那個(gè)

8、士兵叛國(guó)助敵。She quitted her job. 她放棄了自己的工作。She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her. 她懇求丈夫不要拋棄她。We had given_the_dog_up at last. 最后我們當(dāng)那只狗已經(jīng)走失了，而不再存有希望。She abandoned her child. 她遺棄了她的孩子。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞His sister _ her husband and three children and went to live in Holland.A. gave up B. quittedC. stoppe

9、d D. abandoned D 句意：他姐姐拋棄她丈夫和3個(gè)孩子去荷蘭定居。abandon表示“完全、永遠(yuǎn)地拋棄”。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)1、cut up 切碎；使受苦His mother has to cut_up_all_the_food for him.他的媽媽不得不為他將所有的食物切碎。Jean was_really_cut_up when her husband left her.在丈夫拋棄她之后，簡(jiǎn)痛苦極了。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)cut in 插嘴，插隊(duì)cut into 侵犯cut off 切斷，使隔絕cut out 裁剪出；截短；停止cut down 砍倒；縮短cut back

10、 截短cut away 砍掉重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)The secretary _ to tell Mr Brown that he was wanted on the phone.A. cut in B. cut offC. cut out D. cut away A cut in 插嘴，打斷；超車搶道，切入(加載,連接,時(shí)差)，這里表示“插嘴，打斷”；cut off 切斷，阻礙；使分離，使隔絕； cut away 切掉,跑開(kāi)；cut out 刪去，切掉；戒除，停止。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)2、make sth. out of sth. 用某材料做成某物 be made (out) of / m

11、ake sth. out of 由制成 make sth. out of與 make sth. of的意思相同。make sth. out of 常用于口語(yǔ)。The box is made out of cedarwood. 這盒子是用杉木做的。They make_bottles_out_of_glass. 他們用玻璃做瓶子。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)make sth. out 開(kāi)具，填寫(xiě)(表格或文件)make out that 從句/wh主張，聲張/分清make off 迅速逃離，匆忙離開(kāi)make up for sth. 彌補(bǔ)make ends meet 使收支平衡make excuses 制造

12、借口make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人make fun of 嘲弄；拿開(kāi)玩笑重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) This years good harvest will _ last years bad one.A. make into B. make up forC. make it D. make out for B make up for 彌補(bǔ)。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) He made himself _ be a millionaire.A. out to B. up forC. to D. out for A make sb. out to be sth. 把某人說(shuō)成疑疑 難難 句句

13、型型 1、This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it. 這幅畫(huà)如此珍貴，如果博物館想賣(mài)了它，都難為它估價(jià)。 此句中含有句型：subject (主語(yǔ))+ be +so + adj. / adv. +that。so + adj. / adv. +that從句結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“如此以至于”。sothat，suchthat結(jié)構(gòu)都可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。疑疑 難難 句句 型型There were so_many_peopl

14、e ( such a lot of people) in the room that we could not get in. 房間里這么多人以至于我們進(jìn)不去。He bought so cheap a recorder that he saved some money. 他買(mǎi)了一部如此便宜的錄音機(jī)，以致節(jié)省了一些錢(qián)。疑疑 難難 句句 型型相關(guān)句型有：(1)so adj. / adv. that so adj. a/an 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 such a/an adj. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 such adj. 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞/ 單數(shù)名詞 that疑疑 難難 句句 型型He is so good a

15、 student that we all like him.He is such_a_good_student that we all like him. 他是一個(gè)如此好的學(xué)生，以至于我們都很喜歡他。It was such_bad_weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣如此不好以至于我們不得不待在家里。疑疑 難難 句句 型型(2)如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有many, few，不可數(shù)名詞前有much, little 等表示數(shù)量的形容詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用so 而不用such。I have so many falls that I am black and blue all ov

16、er. 我摔了很多次，以至于全身青一塊紫一塊的。I have so_little_money that I cant afford that MP4. 我只有那么一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)錢(qián)，以至于我買(mǎi)不起那款MP4。疑疑 難難 句句 型型(3) 但當(dāng)little 表示“小”時(shí)，用such。They are such_little_children that they can not dress themselves. 他們是如此小的孩子，以至于他們還不能自己穿衣服。疑疑 難難 句句 型型(4)在sothat / suchthat 的句型中，如果把so /such 提前，則主謂要倒裝。So_difficult_d

17、id_I_find_it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for help. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)解決這道難題是如此困難以至于我決定去找湯姆幫忙。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 I havent seen Ann for _ long that Ive forgotten what she looks like. A. such B. very C. so D. too C 句意：我很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到Ann了，以至于我都不記得她的長(zhǎng)相了。此句是“如此以至于”句型。由此決定A或C，再由于that 前 long 是形容詞的緣故而選C。疑疑 難難 句句 型型他

18、是如此餓，以至于吃完了桌上的所有食物。He was so hungry that he ate up all the food on the table.疑疑 難難 句句 型型 2、Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had forgotten our map in the room. 第二天早晨我們剛離開(kāi)宿舍，就想起把地圖忘在房間里了。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 此句含有句型：hardly when“一就”，由hardly 位于句首，用倒裝語(yǔ)序。正常語(yǔ)序是 We had hardly left

19、 the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had forgotten our map in the room。hardlywhen這種句式主句常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，when 引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。hardly 置于句首時(shí)，主句用倒裝語(yǔ)序。該句式中hardly 可以改成scarcely.疑疑 難難 句句 型型I had hardly / scarcely closed my eyes when the telephone rang. 我剛合上眼，電話鈴就響了。Hardly/ Scarcely had_he_arrived when he

20、 had to leave again. 他剛一到達(dá)，又不得不離開(kāi)。疑疑 難難 句句 型型(1)no soonerthan用法與之相似。No_sooner_had_he_finished his homework than the light went out. 他一做完作業(yè)， 燈就熄了。(2)以never, seldom, little, barely, not until, nowhere, by no means 等否定詞放在句首時(shí)，句子一般采用倒裝形式。疑疑 難難 句句 型型Little do I know about French. 對(duì)于法語(yǔ)我知之甚少。Nowhere in the

21、world can you find such a beautiful place. 你在世界上任何地方都找不到如此漂亮的地方。疑疑 難難 句句 型型Little _ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.A. he realized B. he didnt realizeC. didnt he realize D. did he realize C little是具有否定意義的詞，位于句首時(shí)句子用部分倒裝。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 3、Had you

22、 come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe too. 如果你們和我們一起來(lái)了，我覺(jué)得你們也會(huì)在歐洲玩得很開(kāi)心的。 本句是一個(gè)省略了連詞if，含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝句，該句的完整語(yǔ)序是:If you had come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe too.疑疑 難難 句句 型型 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句中,若含有助動(dòng)詞should，had 或連系動(dòng)詞were時(shí)，可以把連詞 if 省略，且把should，had 或were倒裝到主語(yǔ)的前面.Had he_come_last_night

23、,_he would have met his sister at home. 昨晚要是他回來(lái)了，他就會(huì)在家見(jiàn)到他妹妹了。Should he_visit_me_tomorrow,_I would buy him a bicycle. 他若是明天來(lái)我就買(mǎi)一輛自行車給他。疑疑 難難 句句 型型Were_he_you,_I think he would lend his computer to me. 若他是你，我認(rèn)為他就會(huì)把他的計(jì)算機(jī)借給我了?！咀⒁狻吭谔摂M條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式。如我們可說(shuō)Were I not to do, 而不能說(shuō) Werent I to do。Were I_not_to_come tomorrow, I would send you an email to let you know. 如果明天我不來(lái)，我就發(fā)郵件告訴你。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 _ tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meet.A. Were it rain B. Should it rainC. Would it rain D. Will it rain B 句意：如果明天下雨，我們將不得不推遲運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的非真實(shí)條件句，省略if，把should提到了句首。