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1、一、賓語從句一、賓語從句(一一) 賓語從句指在主從復合句中用作賓語的從句。本單元主要學習: (一) that引導的賓語從句that 引導的賓語從句,that 只起引導詞作用,不充當句子成分,也沒有詞義,且通?？梢允÷?。 We think (that) he will help us.我們認為他會幫助我們。 He said (that) he was good at English.他說他擅長英語。 ( (二二) ) if或或whether引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句if 和和whether意為意為“是否是否”, ,一般可以互用一般可以互用, ,在從句中在從句中只起連接作用只起連接作用, ,不作

2、任何句子成分。從句多是一般疑問不作任何句子成分。從句多是一般疑問句或選擇疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。句或選擇疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。I dont know if/whether they will come tomorrow.我不知道他們明天來不來。我不知道他們明天來不來。Please make sure if/whether there is a flight leaving for Shanghai.請弄清楚是否有飛往上海的請弄清楚是否有飛往上海的航班。航班。下列幾種情況通常使用下列幾種情況通常使用whether,不用不用if:(1)在具有選擇意義又有or或or not時,尤其是直接與or not連用時,往往

3、用whether。 No one can exactly know whether or not it is sunny tomorrow.沒有人確切地知道明天是否是晴天。(2)在介詞之后用whether。 Were talking about whether the plan is good enough.我們正在討論那個計劃是否足夠好。(3)(3)在不定式前用在不定式前用whetherwhether。 He cant decide whether to go for a holiday He cant decide whether to go for a holiday in the so

4、uth or not.in the south or not.他不能他不能決決定是否去南方度假。定是否去南方度假。二、感嘆句二、感嘆句 感嘆句用來表示贊美、驚訝、喜悅、悲傷、痛苦等情緒, 常帶有強烈的感情色彩,一般用what或how引導。 (一) what引導的感嘆句1.What +a (n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)! What a new watch it is! 多么新的一塊手表啊!2.What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)(+主語+謂語)! What strange ideas they have! 多奇怪的主意啊!3.What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語)! What go

5、od news! 多好的消息啊! (二) how引導的感嘆句1.How+形容詞/副詞(+主語+謂語)! How beautiful these flowers are! 這些花多漂亮啊! 2.How+主語+謂語! How time flies! 時光飛逝/時間過得真快啊!.單項填單項填空空1.(20151.(2015廣廣東東中考中考)So far,Sun Bingtian)So far,Sun Bingtian is the only is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than Chinese who fin

6、ished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.10 seconds. _he runs!_he runs! A.How slow A.How slow B.How B.How fast fast C.What a slow C.What a slow D.What D.What a fast a fast提示:考查感嘆句。句意為“到目前為止,孫炳添是唯一的一個在10秒內(nèi)跑完100米的中國人?！薄八艿枚嗫彀?”, 故選B。.單項填單項填空空2.(20152.(2015恩施中考恩施中考) Can you tell me) Can you tel

7、l me your bike this your bike this Sunday?Sunday? A.that I can borrow A.that I can borrow B.whether can I borrow B.whether can I borrow C.whether I can borrow C.whether I can borrow提示:考查賓語從句的用法。句意為“你能告訴我這個星期天我可以借你的自行車嗎?”。賓語從句只能用陳述語序,排除B。引導表示一般疑問含義的賓語從句,要用連接詞if或whether,故選C。.單項填單項填空空3.(20153.(2015涼山中考

8、涼山中考)The news reported that the )The news reported that the rainstorm was in the area last night.rainstorm was in the area last night. Yes. Yes. bad weather it was! bad weather it was! A.What a A.What a B.How a B.How a C.What C.What D.How D.How 提示:考查感嘆句。句意為“新聞報道昨天晚上這個地區(qū)下了大暴雨。”“是呀。多么糟糕的天氣呀!”,故選C。.單項填

9、單項填空空4.(20154.(2015婁婁底中考底中考) nice day today!nice day today!Yeah,lets take a walk outside.Yeah,lets take a walk outside.A.What aA.What aB.What B.What C.HowC.How提示:考查感嘆句的用法。句意為“今天天氣多么好啊!”“是啊,讓我們出去散步吧”。根據(jù)句子結構可知day是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),故選A。.單項填單項填空空5.(20155.(2015樂樂山中考山中考) Hello,this is Dick.Can I speak to ) Hello,thi

10、s is Dick.Can I speak to Peter?Peter? Hold on,please.Ill see Hold on,please.Ill see hes in.hes in. A.as soon as A.as soon as B.if B.if C.untilC.until提示:考查賓語從句。as soon as一就;if是否,如果;until直到為止。由上文句意“請稍等”可推測下文句意為“我看一下他是否在家”,故選B。.單項填單項填空空6.(20156.(2015濟濟寧中考寧中考)Wow! )Wow! beautiful the music beautiful the

11、 music is!is! Yes.Thats my favorite. Yes.Thats my favorite. A.What A.WhatB.What a B.What a C.What an C.What an D.HowD.How提示:考查感嘆句。what感嘆名詞,how感嘆形容詞或副詞,beautiful是形容詞,故選D。.單項填單項填空空7.(20157.(2015衡衡陽陽中考中考) ) terrible news! Three of us terrible news! Three of us didnt pass the exam.didnt pass the exam. A

12、.What A.What B.How B.How C.WhatC.What a a 提示:考查感嘆句的用法。句意為“多么糟糕的消息!我們?nèi)齻€都沒考及格”。news為不可數(shù)名詞,故選A。.單項填單項填空空8.(8.(黔黔東東南中考南中考)I dont know )I dont know or not.or not.Neither do I.You may ask his teacher.Neither do I.You may ask his teacher. A.whether he is at school A.whether he is at schoolB.if he is at sch

13、oolB.if he is at schoolC.that he is at schoolC.that he is at schoolD.whether is he at schoolD.whether is he at school提示:考查賓語從句。句意為“ 我不知道他是否在學校。”“我也不知道。你可以問問他的老師”,故選A。 .句型句型轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換9.(20159.(2015黔西南中考黔西南中考) “Do you water the flowers?” my ) “Do you water the flowers?” my father asked me.(father asked me.(

14、改改為賓語從為賓語從句句) )My father asked me My father asked me I I the the flowers.flowers.10.(201510.(2015綏綏化中考化中考) Are you doing the dishes? He asked ) Are you doing the dishes? He asked the lady.(the lady.(合合并為并為一一個個句子句子) ) He asked the lady He asked the lady was doing the was doing the dishes.dishes.water

15、ed watered if/whetherif/whetherif/whether she細節(jié)理解題解題技巧細節(jié)理解題解題技巧 Canada Day Since 1982,July 1st has been officially known as Canada Day.Canadians of all ages take part in this festival across the country. Canada Day is the years biggest national party.In many towns and cities,the government organizes

16、 a lot of events,often outdoors.These include parades,concerts,festivals,firework displays and ceremonies for new Canadian citizens(公民).The celebrations often have a patriotic mood.Canadas national flag,a symbol for Canada Day,can be seen everywhere and a lot of people paint their faces red and whit

17、e,which are Canadas national colors.The celebrations in Ottawa,Canadas capital city,are especially grand and exciting. In the province of Quebec,many home rentals(租賃)start on July 1st and last for exactly one year,and many people in Quebec spend Canada Day moving from one house to another.So in Queb

18、ec,Canada Day is also known as Moving Day. Many organizations,businesses and stores are closed this day.Only some bookstores,hospitals and gas stations may be open.Post offices are closed,too.As Canada Day falls in the Canadian summer holiday period,all schools are closed as well.In some areas,speci

19、al services are provided for large events.The concerts,parades and festivals may cause some traffic jams.【詞匯積累】parade游行ceremony儀式mood心情be known as作為而著名 1.The underlined word “patriotic” means 1.The underlined word “patriotic” means “ ” in Chinese.” in Chinese.A.A.溫溫馨的馨的B.B.愛國愛國的的C.C.肅肅穆的穆的D.D.緊張緊張的的

20、提示提示:考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)文中考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)文中“Canadas national flag,a symbol for Canada Day,can be seen everywhere and a lot of people paint their faces red and white,which are Canadas national colors.”可知可知,他們應該是愛國的他們應該是愛國的,故選故選B。2.The word “jams ” probably means “2.The word “jams ” probably means “” ” in Chinese.in

21、Chinese. A. A.擠擠死死 B.B.關關上上 C.C.擁擠擁擠 D.D.松松開開提示提示:考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)背景和常識判斷考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)背景和常識判斷,可能引起交通擁擠可能引起交通擁擠,故選故選C。 任何一個詞語,在一定的上下文中只能表示一個確定的詞義。據(jù)此,我們可以盡可能地利用上下文來猜測詞義,即從已知推求未知,也就是用我們所熟悉的詞或短語來猜測我們不熟悉的詞的詞義。猜測詞義時,我們可以從以下幾個方面來考慮:1.根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測詞義;2.根據(jù)情景和邏輯進行判斷;3.根據(jù)并列或同位關系猜測詞義;4.根據(jù)背景和常識判斷。對于這種題目也可以采取“代入法”,即將供選答案逐一代替畫線部

22、分的單詞或短語,看看哪一個答案能使句子的意思通順連貫,且與上下文的內(nèi)容一致。那么,那個選項就是該題的正確答案。中考詞義猜測題常見的提問方式有:Whats the meaning of the underlined word “ ”?The expression “ ” in Paragraph means The underlined word “ ” in the passage means The word “” in Paragraph can best be replaced by The underlined word “” most probably means in Chines

23、e.By saying “”,the author means The expression “” is closest to According to the passage,the phrase “” suggests The underlined part “ ” (in Para. ) means 此類題型有逐漸增加的趨勢,尤其是猜測單詞、詞組、句意題。個別猜測詞組、句意題涉及題材背景、句子結構、文章主旨、作者的觀點態(tài)度等。聯(lián)系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答這類題的關鍵。近幾年中考閱讀理解的生詞率略有上升,加大了猜測力度。命題者著重考查考生利用同義或反義關系、構詞法、語法和語篇文脈等理解生

24、詞的能力。 中考詞義猜測題命題趨勢:1.要求根據(jù)閱讀材料所提供的信息,結合我們應有的常識和經(jīng)驗,正確判斷生詞或詞組的含義或成熟詞在特定語境中表達的具體含義以及一些句子的意思。2.要求猜測詞義的詞一般為實詞及其詞組,通過構詞、定義、對比、因果、聯(lián)想、上下文等線索確定生詞的具體含義。：中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日端午節(jié)即將到來端午節(jié)即將到來,請你寫一篇短文向外國朋友簡要介請你寫一篇短文向外國朋友簡要介紹一下端午節(jié)紹一下端午節(jié),內(nèi)容包括內(nèi)容包括:1.端午節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)食物及傳統(tǒng)活動端午節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)食物及傳統(tǒng)活動;2.端午節(jié)的來歷端午節(jié)的來歷;3.我們要保留傳承傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的意義。我們要保留傳承傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的意義。：中

25、國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日【思路點撥】交代主題The Dragon Boat Festival is coming.介紹Most of us will have dinner觀點總結We must try our best to keep our traditional festivals.：中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 【重點【重點詞匯詞匯】寫寫出下列短出下列短語語 1.1.我我們們中的大多中的大多數(shù)數(shù) 2.2.在那天在那天 3.3.例如例如 4. 4.把把扔進扔進 5. 5.首先首先 first of allfirst of allthrowthrowintointo s such asu

26、ch as on that dayon that day most of usmost of us【重點句型】根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子1.我們會與父母一起吃粽子。我們會與父母一起吃粽子。We will with our parents. 2.總而言之總而言之,我們必須盡力保持我們的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。我們必須盡力保持我們的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。 ,we must our keep our traditional festivals. enjoy the rice dumplingsIn a wordtrybest to【單元參考句型】We have zongzi on that day.During the fes

27、tival,peopleChinese traditional festivals have different meanings.The Dragon Boat Festival is coming.Now it has become a bank The Dragon Boat Festival is coming.Now it has become a bank holiday.What can we do on that day?Most of us will have holiday.What can we do on that day?Most of us will have di

28、nner with our family.We also enjoy the rice dumplings dinner with our family.We also enjoy the rice dumplings together.We eat them in order to remember the famous poet Qu together.We eat them in order to remember the famous poet Qu Yuan.On that day,there are so many activities,such as dragon Yuan.On

29、 that day,there are so many activities,such as dragon boat races,throwingboat races,throwing the rice dumplings into the water. the rice dumplings into the water.Why do we keep the traditional festivals?First of all,Chinese Why do we keep the traditional festivals?First of all,Chinese traditional fe

30、stivals are special to everyone.Second,they traditional festivals are special to everyone.Second,they have different meanings.In a word,wehave different meanings.In a word,we must try our best to must try our best to keep our traditional festivals.keep our traditional festivals.名師點評 作者按照提示要求向我們展示了端午

31、節(jié)人們的主要活動以及傳統(tǒng)食物,還告訴了我們端午節(jié)的來歷紀念偉大的詩人屈原,在文章結尾處發(fā)出倡議,傳承我們的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,文章層次清晰,語言流暢,結構合理,語言在使用上獨具匠心,如設問句的應用,引發(fā)讀者的思考與共鳴,還有短語(如such as,first of all,in order to及try ones best to do sth.)的應用,增添了文章的色彩。 這是一篇提綱式作文,內(nèi)容與日常生活聯(lián)系緊密,是喜聞樂見的話題之一,只需按照要點提示做到表達準確就是一篇合格的文章,要注意行文流暢,可適當添加關聯(lián)性詞語,另外要進行觀點總結,表達出希望保留和傳承中華傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的愿望。 根據(jù)短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)內(nèi)

32、容回答下列容回答下列問題問題( (眉山中考眉山中考)One of the biggest festivals for Chinese people is the Mid-Autumn )One of the biggest festivals for Chinese people is the Mid-Autumn Festival.It is a good chance for Chinese families to get together and enjoy delicious Festival.It is a good chance for Chinese families to ge

33、t together and enjoy delicious foods.On this special day,everyone will eat mooncakes.They play an important role foods.On this special day,everyone will eat mooncakes.They play an important role during the festival.Mooncakes are round in shape.They signify family reunions and best during the festiva

34、l.Mooncakes are round in shape.They signify family reunions and best wishes.Thats why people in China buy and send mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn wishes.Thats why people in China buy and send mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival.There are different kinds of mooncakes.Lets see some new kinds of

35、mooncakes.Festival.There are different kinds of mooncakes.Lets see some new kinds of mooncakes.Ice-cream mooncakeIce-cream mooncakeThe ice-cream mooncake is made of ice-cream.Although the festival is in mid-autumn,the The ice-cream mooncake is made of ice-cream.Although the festival is in mid-autumn

36、,the weather often stays a little warm,so many people enjoy eating ice-cream mooncakesweather often stays a little warm,so many people enjoy eating ice-cream mooncakesespecially kids.especially kids.Healthy food mooncakeHealthy food mooncakeThe healthy food mooncake is good for peoples health.It is

37、made of many healthy The healthy food mooncake is good for peoples health.It is made of many healthy ingredients.ingredients.Naliang mooncakeNaliang mooncakeThis is the newest kind of mooncakes.The Naliang mooncake is made of green beans and This is the newest kind of mooncakes.The Naliang mooncake

38、is made of green beans and tea.Both of them have a cooling effect on the body.tea.Both of them have a cooling effect on the body. 【詞匯積累】【詞匯積累】 signify預示 reunion團聚;(親友等的)聚會 be made of由制成 1.Is the Mid-Autumn Festival one of the biggest festivals for Chinese people?2.How many kinds of mooncakes are men

39、tioned in the passage?3.According to the passage,whats the weather often like in mid-autumn?4.What kind of mooncakes is the newest?5.Whats the Naliang mooncake made of? Yes,it is.Three.Three.A little warm.The Naliang mooncake.The Naliang mooncake.Green beans and tea.根據(jù)短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)內(nèi)容完成下列各容完成下列各題題 From day wear non-hero, not being jealous is mediocrity. 不受天磨非好漢，不遭人妒是庸才不受天磨非好漢，不遭人妒是庸才.