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注意 虛擬條件句與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)或?qū)砜赡艿氖聦?shí)相反 從句用一般過去時(shí) be用were 與將來可能的事實(shí)相反時(shí)還可用wereto should 動(dòng)詞原形 主句用would should could might 動(dòng)詞原形 與過去事實(shí)相反 從句用過去完成時(shí) 主句用would should could mighthave 過去分詞 讀語篇 悟語法 反復(fù)朗讀下列短文 領(lǐng)悟畫線及黑體部分 思考 什么情況下用虛擬語氣 雖同是虛擬語氣 但什么情況下用過去式表示 什么情況下用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 表示 Mydeskmate Mary treatsmeasifshewere 1 mysister Sheisnicebutfat Ifshewerenotsofat shewouldlook 2 likeasupermodel Lastyear adoctoradvisedthatshe should eat 3 morevegetablesandfruits Healsomadeasuggestionthatshe should workout 4 regularly Besides heinsistedthatshe should walk 5 toschool Ifshehadfollowedthedoctor sadvice shewouldnotbesofatnow 6 Inotherwords ifthedoctorhadpersuadedhertodoso shewouldnothavebee 7 overweight Thismorning Mary smotherboughtheranewdress Itwasreallynice Butaftershetriediton shecouldn thelpshouting IfonlyIwere 8 alittlethinner HowIwishIhadn teaten 9 somuchjunkfoodbefore WereIMary Iwouldmake 10 aweightlossplan IfIbecameoverweightinthefuture Iwoulddo 11 sportseveryday Nowitishightimeshechanged 12 herlifestyle Withoutahealthylifestyle shewouldn tbe 13 abletoloseweight Iwouldrathershewent 14 swimmingwithme butsheinsiststhatwatersportsare 15 notsuitableforher Soitisnecessarythatshe should walk 16 toschool 1 在asif asthough evenif eventhough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句或表語從句中 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí) 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí) 與過去事實(shí)相反時(shí) 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí) 2 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) if從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí) be一般用were 主句的謂語用would should could might 動(dòng)詞原形 3 5 在insist suggest advise order mand propose demand require request等后面的賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 其中的should可以省略 在suggestion advice order mand demand requirement request等名詞后面的表語從句或同位語從句中 謂語動(dòng)詞用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 其中的should可以省略 6 錯(cuò)綜條件句 有時(shí)if從句中的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致 這時(shí)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)他們表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整 本句的虛擬條件句與過去事實(shí)相反 主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 7 表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) if從句的謂語形式用過去完成時(shí) 即 had 過去分詞 主句用 would should could might have 過去分詞 8 9 在表示愿望的動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語從句和Ifonly 但愿 引出的句子中 需用虛擬語氣 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 從句或ifonly后的句子的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí) 與過去事實(shí)相反 從句或ifonly后的句子的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí) 10 如果if從句中含有were had或should 可將if省略 然后將were had或should提前至主語前 即從句可用半倒裝 11 表示與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) if從句的謂語形式用一般過去時(shí) 或用 wereto should 動(dòng)詞原形 主句用 would should could might 動(dòng)詞原形 12 在Itis high timethat后的從句中 謂語動(dòng)詞用 should 不能省略 動(dòng)詞原形 或一般過去時(shí)都可以 13 含蓄條件從句 用連詞otherwise or but或用介詞butfor without等暗示前面的條件 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí) 與過去事實(shí)相反 謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí) 其中介詞butfor without表示的虛擬語氣 可和if引導(dǎo)的假設(shè)條件狀語從句替換 14 would had rather wouldsooner用來表達(dá)主觀愿望 它們之后的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣 謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾?用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反 15 動(dòng)詞insist表 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 堅(jiān)持說 堅(jiān)持某種說法 suggest表 暗示 表明 時(shí) 后面從句不用虛擬語氣 16 在itisnecessary important natural strange surprising that引導(dǎo)的主語從句中 主語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 單句填空 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1 IfI be you Iwoulddoitinadifferentway 2 Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow you be finenow 3 Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball otherwisehe score agoal 4 IfI have amilliondollars Iwouldfirstdonatesomeofthemoneytopoorchildreninremotemountainousareas 5 Thedoctororderedthatshe stay inbedforafewdays were wouldbe wouldhavescored had should stay 6 Itisveryimportantthatyou master theskillsofputer 7 Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe make gooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish 8 Itishightimethatwe take somemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals 9 HowIwisheveryfamily have alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 10 Jane spalefacesuggestedthatshe be ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe have amedicalexamination should master should make took shouldtake had was should have 單句改錯(cuò) 下列每句中有一處錯(cuò)誤 每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加 刪除或修改 請指出并改正 1 HowIwishthereare28hoursadaysothatIhadmoretimeforfun 2 Hadheworkedhardyearsago hewouldbeeveryrich 3 IfIwereaboyagain Iwillrememberthatagoodskaternevertriestoskateintwodirectionsatonce 4 ButthefactthatChinaisalsoaffectedbytheglobaleconomiccrisis wewouldhavefewerworkersnow are were 在bee前加have will would 在But后加for 5 Itmighthavebeendonebetterifyouhavebeenmorecareful 6 IactuallybelievethatwewouldbeinXi annowifyouhadn tcaughtdrunkwhiledrivinglastmonth 7 Itishightimethatweestablishanhonestandfairsystemofeducation 8 Mr Li myEnglishteacher speaksEnglishasifheisanEnglishman 9 TibetissomysteriouslydescribedbysomepeoplethatIthinkifonlyIcangothere 10 I dratherhegoestothetheatretomorrow 第二個(gè)have had 在caught前加been establish established或在establish前加should is were can could goes went 語篇填空 閱讀下面短文 按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 TomandPeteraretwins Theylookasifthey1 be thesameperson Boththetwoboysaresmart butTomishard workingwhilePeterislazy Tomalwayswinsthefirstplaceintheexams whichsuggeststhathe2 be hard working Petercoulddobetter 3 hedoesn twanttoworkhard PeoplebelieveifPeter4 work ashardasTom hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherinhisstudy Athome theirparentsmakeasuggestionthatthey5 do thedishesinturnandinsistthatthey6 finish theirhomeworkbeforeplayingputergames ButPeterinsiststhatit7 be alsoOKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhishomeworkintime Theirmothergivesinintheend Oneday whendoinghishomework Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake So heputtheexercise bookasideandusedanotherone WhenPeterfoundthepreviousexercise book hestruckoutTom snameandsignedhisnameonitscoverhappily andhandeditinashisownhomeworkthenextday Whentheteachertoldthetruthtothetwins mother shekeptsilentfirstbutherexpressionsuggestedthatshe8 be angry Later sheshoutedatPeter HowIwishyou9 be asdiligentasyourbrother Nowit stimethatI10 give youagoodlesson AndIinsistthatyou11 notplay anyputergamesforawholemonthtoo RemembertodoasIaskyouto 12 youwouldbeforbiddentotouchtheputerforayear Oh no Mom 13 puterforsuchalongtime Iwoulddie Iwouldratheryou14 ask metodothedishesforamonthalone Peterwasupset Ifyou15 finish yourhomeworkontimeyesterday youwouldn tbepunishednow saidthemother 語篇導(dǎo)讀 湯姆和彼特雖然長得很像且都很聰明 但學(xué)習(xí)上卻一勤一懶 各不相同 甚至有一次彼特還因偷懶 投機(jī)取巧 鬧出了笑話 1 were asif引導(dǎo)的表語從句是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況 從句謂語用一般過去時(shí) be一般用were 2 is suggests表示 表明 說明 其后的賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用陳述語氣 3 but 本來可以做得更好 與 不愿努力學(xué) 是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 故用連詞but 4 worked if表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè) 從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí) 5 should do 在表示 建議 的suggestion后的同位語從句中 謂語動(dòng)詞用 should do 6 should finish 在insist表示 堅(jiān)決要求 時(shí) 其后的賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 7 is 該句的insists表示 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 其賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用陳述語氣 8 was suggested表示 表明 說明 其賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用陳述語氣 9 were 在表示愿望的wish后的賓語從句 其賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式表示現(xiàn)在的愿望 10 gave或shouldgive 在It stimethat句型的that從句中 謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)或 should 動(dòng)詞原形 11 should notplay 句中insist表示 堅(jiān)決要求 其賓語從句的謂語用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 12 or otherwise 由后面句中的謂語wouldbe可知 前面用or或otherwise 否則 來表示虛擬條件 13 Without 由后面的woulddie可知 填without表示虛擬條件 14 asked 在wouldrather后的從句中 用一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?15 hadfinished 表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況 虛擬條件句的謂語用過去完成時(shí) 第二課時(shí)寫作增分課 虛擬語氣在寫作中的增分點(diǎn)一 使用 虛擬語氣 表達(dá) 愿望 1 我多么希望我能更聰明一些 精力更充沛一些 howIwish moreintelligent moreenergetic 2 要是我上初中時(shí)沒把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在看小說上該多好啊 ifonly wastetimeindoing readnovels injuniorhighschool HowIwishIweremoreintelligentandmoreenergetic IfonlyIhadn twastedthetimeinreadingnovelswhenIwasinjuniorhighschool 3 是該你盡最大努力來趕上別人的時(shí)候了 it shightimethat catchupwithothers 4 我想你明天還是不來的好 Iwouldrather 5 他在課堂上如此昏昏欲睡 好像他幾天都沒睡過覺一樣 sleepy inclass asif It shightimethatyoutried shouldtryyourbesttocatchupwithothers Iwouldratheryoudidn tetomorrow Hewassosleepyinclassasifhehadn tsleptawinkforseveraldays 6 我感到如此惡心 我希望母親沒有逼我吃那么多 sick wish force 二 在寫作中巧妙運(yùn)用虛擬條件句1 如果當(dāng)時(shí)我身上錢足夠的話 我就把那本書買下來了 haveenoughmoneywithme 2 如果明天下雨 野餐將會(huì)取消 putoff untilnextweek 條件句用三種方法翻譯 Ifeelsosick IwishMumhadn tforcedmetoeatsomuch IfIhadenoughmoneywithmeatthattime Iwouldhaveboughtthebook Ifitrained shouldrain weretoraintomorrow thepicnicwouldbecancelled 3 如果你過去學(xué)英語方法正確的話 你的英語現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)這么糟 learnEnglishintherightway sobad 4 如果計(jì)劃有變化 我會(huì)立即通知你 shouldtherebe change theplan inform immediately 5 要是你再早一點(diǎn)兒來的話 你就不會(huì)受到懲罰了 hadyou punish IfyouhadlearnedEnglishintherightway itwouldn tbesobadnow HadyoulearnedEnglishintherightway itwouldn tbesobadnow Shouldtherebeanychangeabouttheplan Iwouldinformyouimmediately Hadyoueearlier youwouldn thavebeenpunished Ifyouhadeearlier youwouldn thavebeenpunished 三 學(xué)會(huì)熟練使用含蓄條件句1 在競賽中他本可以得金牌 但他卻在比賽開始時(shí)就摔倒了 winagoldmedal but fallover 2 如果沒有電 生活對于許多人來說將是痛苦的 without miserable Hecouldhavewonagoldmedal buthefelloverimmediatelytheracebegan Withoutelectricity lifewouldbemiserableformanypeople 3 路上堵車了 要不然我早就到了 becaughtin otherwise behereearlier 4 要不是你的幫助 我在作文競賽中就得不了一等獎(jiǎng) butfor thefirstprize theEnglishWritingCompetition Iwascaughtinthetrafficjam otherwiseIwouldhaveehereearlier Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition 四 用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 來表達(dá) 想讓某人做某事 1 他堅(jiān)持說他從來沒有見過那支鋼筆 并堅(jiān)持要她道歉 insist makeanapology 2 醫(yī)生臉上吃驚的表情表明我母親的病很嚴(yán)重 醫(yī)生建議她馬上動(dòng)手術(shù) thesurprisedlook suggest illness serious beoperatedon Heinsistedthathehadneverseenthepenandinsistedshemakeanapology Thesurprisedlookonthedoctor sfacesuggestedthatmymother sillnesswasseriousandhesuggestedshebeoperatedonatonce 3 要求每個(gè)學(xué)生在聽報(bào)告時(shí)要記筆記 request takenotes while 4 我們催促政府馬上采取行動(dòng) urge thegovernment takemeasures Itisrequestedthateverystudenttakenoteswhilelisteningtothereport Weurgethatthegovernmenttakemeasuresatonce