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北京2019中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解（八） 專(zhuān)題十八 閱讀理解 第8講 北京海淀二模閱讀理解CD篇 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 掌握本篇閱讀理解中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。 2. 掌握閱讀理解的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇閱讀理解中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。 3. 通過(guò)閱讀理解高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語(yǔ)料的積累, 及閱讀理解解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種閱讀理解題。 C篇 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 “巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊”, 在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中, 語(yǔ)料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于閱讀理解高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了嗎？ 高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 suggest v. 暗示，建議 n. suggestion act v. 行動(dòng)，表演，起作用 n. action connect v. 連接，使…有聯(lián)系 stylish adj. 時(shí)髦的，流行的 appearance n. 外貌，外觀 positive adj. 積極的 opp. negative receive v. 收到，接待 social adj. 社會(huì)的 n. society no longer 不再 check v. 檢查，核對(duì) despite prep. 盡管 purposeful adj. 有目的的，故意的 particular adj. 特別的 outdoor adj. 室外，戶(hù)外的 opp. indoor personally adv. 親自地，就個(gè)人而言地 l 長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 1. Not only does it show us the time, but it also acts as a fitness monitor and a messaging device that can be connected with an iPhone.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：它不僅為我們展示時(shí)間，也扮演著一個(gè)健康檢測(cè)儀和一個(gè)能夠與iPhone連接的信息裝置。 本句中包含了初中常見(jiàn)句型“not only…but also…”，意為“不僅…而且…”,前面幾講中已經(jīng)涉及到，此處再次強(qiáng)調(diào)，可以用在寫(xiě)作中。 2. Thanks to the invention of the smart watch, we will no longer have to reach for our phones to check our messages.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：多虧了這個(gè)智能手表的發(fā)明，我們將不再必須拿出我們的手機(jī)來(lái)檢查信息了。 本句中包含著兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)：1. thanks to…“由于，多虧”；2. no longer “不再”，翻譯時(shí)要注意。 3. A group of friends sitting at a table in a restaurant will overlook each other as everyone will be too busy watching their wrists in expectation of a new message.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：餐館里坐在桌子旁的一群朋友將忽視彼此，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都忙著看手腕，期待著一條新信息的到來(lái)。 本句為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)sitting at a table作后置定語(yǔ)修飾a group of friends，兩者是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀理解解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀理解的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀理解的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？ 一、閱讀理解解題步驟 第一步 快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大概。 瀏覽時(shí)要注意以下句子：每段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，重要的情節(jié)句子，如果遇到未學(xué)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞或不理解的句子，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，切不可停留而放慢速度。 第二步 瀏覽問(wèn)題，明確要求。 把文章后每個(gè)題目?jī)?nèi)容看明白，這樣又能輔助進(jìn)一步理解文章的主要內(nèi)容，具體做題時(shí)就能對(duì)號(hào)入座，找到文章中確切表達(dá)所要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵句子。 第三步 通篇尋讀，確定段落。 也就是帶著問(wèn)題去讀，找到要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞、句或意群，以及任何有關(guān)答題的信息，用鉛筆畫(huà)下來(lái)，以便為下一步答題做好充分準(zhǔn)備。 第四步 逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。 把需要回答的問(wèn)題和尋讀中找到的信息逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，出題者問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)都是按照文章內(nèi)容自上到下順序設(shè)計(jì)的，根據(jù)難度先解決容易的，最后解決深層次的理解題。 第五步 復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。 全部題目做完后，必須再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍全文，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章理解，核實(shí)所選答案是否正確。 二、閱讀理解解題技巧 初中英語(yǔ)選擇型閱讀理解題主要分為四種題型，分別是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。接下來(lái)我們將從這四種題型的定義，設(shè)題方式和解題技巧三方面進(jìn)行介紹。 題型 題型一：細(xì)節(jié)理解題 解釋 本類(lèi)試題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問(wèn)題包括詢(xún)問(wèn)人（who）、物（what）、時(shí)間（when）、地點(diǎn)（where）、原因（cause）、結(jié)果（effect）、文中的數(shù)據(jù)（data）等。新聞、說(shuō)明文、廣告信息等常?？疾爝@些細(xì)節(jié)。 設(shè)題方式 1. Which of the following statements is true/false? 2. Which of the following is (not) mentioned? 3. According to the passage, when( where, why, how, who, etc)…? 解題技巧 1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案 2. 變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案 3. 多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案 典題精析 Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）. If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will . A. get hurt B. give up cutting C. feel awkward D. change their tools 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案 瀏覽題干，確定關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)為cut up potatoes with their left hand，瀏覽段落，確定關(guān)鍵句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.“如果你是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成塊。如果你感到別扭并不讓人驚訝。”，根據(jù)句意即可推斷出正確答案，故選C。 題型 題型二：推理判斷題 解釋 推理判斷題著重考察學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，即要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理判斷。此類(lèi)題目難度大，涉及面廣，如人物的性格、心理，故事的結(jié)局、寓意，文章的出處、體裁，作者的傾向、態(tài)度等。 設(shè)題方式 1. It can be inferred from the text that_____. 2. From the text we know that _____. 3. With which of the following does the author agree? 4. The passage is probably taken from a _____. 解題技巧 1. 通過(guò)文章陳述的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推斷 2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷 3. 根據(jù)作者的意圖和態(tài)度進(jìn)行推斷 典題精析 Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up. Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely. The writer talks about Syal and Perry to . A. stress the great differences between them B. introduce a popular writer and a famous artist C. suggest good ways of going through boredom D. show effects of boredom on developing creativity 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷 題干意為“作者談?wù)揝yal 和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。兩個(gè)段落很長(zhǎng)，我們首先要精讀段落，抓住兩個(gè)人物的態(tài)度，第一段中關(guān)鍵句為a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind.意為“Meera Syal說(shuō)無(wú)聊幫助她發(fā)展了她的思想”，第二段關(guān)鍵句為He became creative, because he could think freely.意為“他變得積極，因?yàn)樗軌蜃杂伤伎肌?，由這兩句關(guān)鍵句可知兩個(gè)人都認(rèn)為“無(wú)聊可以發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力，”，故選D。 題型 題型三：詞義猜測(cè)題 解釋 單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，是考查對(duì)文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)的理解。而且，所考察的詞或短語(yǔ)的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷。 設(shè)題方式 1. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ______. 2. The word“…”most likely means _____. 3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word _____. 解題技巧 1. 通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 2. 通過(guò)同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 3. 通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義 4. 通過(guò)定義或釋義說(shuō)明來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義 5. 通過(guò)描述猜測(cè)詞義 6. 用知識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)猜測(cè)詞義 7. 根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 典題精析 Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity. What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Slow down. B. Keep up with. C. Go beyond. D. Give rise to. 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 通過(guò)同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 瀏覽本段，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)本段中存在轉(zhuǎn)折連詞while“然而”，while后的句意為“無(wú)聊能給他們發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力的機(jī)會(huì)”，所以while之前的句意應(yīng)該與之相反，進(jìn)一步推測(cè)詞義。A意為“（使）慢下來(lái)”，B意為“跟上”，C意為“超出”，D意為“引起，導(dǎo)致”，故選A。 題型 題型四：主旨大意題 解釋 考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解能力。 設(shè)題方式 1. 問(wèn)標(biāo)題：What is the main topic of the passage? / The best title for the passage is _____. 2. 問(wèn)中心：The first paragraph is mainly about the _____. / The passage is mostly about _____. 3. 問(wèn)目的，態(tài)度：The author wants to tell _____. / The purpose of this article is to _____. 解題技巧 1. 瀏覽文章首尾段和各段開(kāi)頭，抓住主旨段或主旨句 2. 瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨 3. 以掌握主旨為前提，處理推斷作者語(yǔ)氣及寫(xiě)作意圖 典題精析 In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Some children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days parents and teachers have accepted that. In almost every school in the world, left-handed students can use their left hand to write. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Causes of being left handed. B. Encouragement to left-handers C. Punishment for using the left hand. D. Changes in opinions on left-handers. 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨 本題考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先鎖定第二段的關(guān)鍵詞but，but之前的關(guān)鍵詞in the past和it was strange to use the left hand表明了在過(guò)去人們認(rèn)為使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的關(guān)鍵詞these days和have accepted that表明了現(xiàn)在人們接受了慣用左手的人。所以這段主要是講述了人們關(guān)于慣用左手的人的態(tài)度上的轉(zhuǎn)變?？梢耘卸ù鸢笧镃hanges in opinions on left-handers.，故選D。 語(yǔ)篇精講 瀏覽問(wèn)題 （抓住題干及選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章） 題號(hào) 題干及選項(xiàng) 1 Thanks to the invention of the Apple watch, _____.（細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. students don’t use computers in class B. mobile phones don’t need to be charged C. messages can be checked without phones D. outdoor activities have become more popular 2 The underlined word "hinder" in Paragraph 3 probably means “ _______”.（詞義猜測(cè)題） A. make up B. hold back C. depend on D. look after 3 From the passage, we can learn that the writer _______.（推理判斷題） A. worries about the safety of the smart watch B. thinks highly of the progress of technology C. introduces the newest kind of smart phones D. prefers single-purpose watches that tell the time 4 What is probably the best title for this passage?（主旨大意題） A. The Apple Watch：The Latest Invention B. The Apple Watch：Smart and Fashionable C. The Apple Watch：Technology Gone Too Far? D. The Apple Watch：A Convenient Way to Exercise? 通篇尋讀 （通讀文章，根據(jù)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞標(biāo)記出文章中的重點(diǎn)詞，短語(yǔ)或句子，為逐題分析做準(zhǔn)備） 話(huà)題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 日常生活類(lèi) 議論文 422 7分鐘 __/4 ★★★ For those who haven’t heard of it, the Apple watch is the latest invention from the creators of the iPhone and Apple Mac. As the name suggests, this creation is a device（裝置）designed to tell us the time. This is Apple, however, and an Apple watch is never just a watch. Not only does it show us the time, but it also acts as a fitness monitor and a messaging device that can be connected with an iPhone. Is this a smart invention or technology gone too far? While the Apple watch is stylish in appearance, I can’t help but question certain aspects（方面）of the new device. Is it a positive thing to be able to receive messages through a watch, or is this another way of letting technology upset our social lives? Thanks to the invention of the smart watch, we will no longer have to reach for our phones to check our messages. Imagine the possible results. A group of friends sitting at a table in a restaurant will overlook each other as everyone will be too busy watching their wrists in expectation of a new message. Students will have a way of checking their inbox during school, despite the fact that using mobile phones is not allowed in class. The list goes on. Although smart watches may make communicating through technology easier, it seems that using them could actually hinder face to face communication. Much like a phone, the watch would also need to be charged（充電）every day. This is yet another aspect of the device which sets it apart from any “normal” watch. If, like me, you struggle when remembering to put your phone on charge, this is not necessarily a positive thing. I do have to agree, however, the watch has some interesting and purposeful functions（功能）. As a fitness monitor, the device can be used to create and record exercise activities. This could be of particular interest to outdoor fans. While there are several existing Android Apps that can already do this, I can see that the Apple watch would be a more convenient way of exercising without a mobile phone. The question remains, however, is the price worth the benefits? While there are clearly both advantages and disadvantages when it comes to Apple’s latest invention, I personally like my single-purpose watch that simply tells me the time! What about you? Would you be interested in having a smart watch? 逐題分析 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇日常生活類(lèi)的議論文。通過(guò)對(duì)Apple watch的描述，來(lái)論述這種高科技的發(fā)明到底是智能發(fā)明還是科技浪費(fèi)？ 1. Thanks to the invention of the Apple watch, _____. A. students don’t use computers in class B. mobile phones don’t need to be charged C. messages can be checked without phones D. outdoor activities have become more popular 解析：C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干可將答案鎖定在文章第三段中，根據(jù)段首句Thanks to the invention of the smart watch, we will no longer have to reach for our phones to check our messages.“多虧了這個(gè)智能手表的發(fā)明，我們將不再必須拿出我們的手機(jī)來(lái)檢查信息了?！保蔬xC。 2. The underlined word "hinder" in Paragraph 3 probably means “ _______”. A. make up B. hold back C. depend on D. look after 解析：B. 詞義猜測(cè)題。A意為“編造，組成”；B意為“抑制，阻止”；C意為“依賴(lài)，取決于”；D意為“照顧”，劃線(xiàn)詞所在句意為“盡管智能手表借助科技手段使交流變得更容易，但看起來(lái)使用它們真的_____面對(duì)面交流?！?，這里要注意although的使用，代表前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該是“雖然使交流變得容易了，但是卻抑制了面對(duì)面溝通”，故選B。 3. From the passage, we can learn that the writer _______. A. worries about the safety of the smart watch B. thinks highly of the progress of technology C. introduces the newest kind of smart phones D. prefers single-purpose watches that tell the time 解析：D. 推理判斷題。本題詢(xún)問(wèn)的是作者的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句I personally like my single-purpose watch that simply tells me the time!“我個(gè)人喜歡只告訴我時(shí)間的單一目的的手表?！保蔬xD。 4. What is probably the best title for this passage? A. The Apple Watch：The Latest Invention B. The Apple Watch：Smart and Fashionable C. The Apple Watch：Technology Gone Too Far? D. The Apple Watch：A Convenient Way to Exercise? 解析：C. 主旨大意題。通篇瀏覽文章，根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句Is this a smart invention or technology gone too far?“這是智能發(fā)明還是科技浪費(fèi)？”可知作者要討論的主題，以下的文章都是針對(duì)這個(gè)主題進(jìn)行描述的，故選C。 精講筆記 （學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的閱讀理解的知識(shí)和方法） 語(yǔ)篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)） 單詞 詞性及詞義 單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句） 語(yǔ)篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 1 推理判斷題 3 詞義猜測(cè)題 2 主旨大意題 4 能力提升 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯★ 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 v. 暗示，建議 v. 行動(dòng)，表演，起作用 connect v. stylish adj. appearance n. adj. 積極的 v. 收到，接待 adj. 社會(huì)的 no longer v. 檢查，核對(duì) despite prep. purposeful adj. particular adj. adj. 室外，戶(hù)外的 adv. 親自地，就個(gè)人而言地 二、句子英漢互譯★★ 1. 感謝Bob和他的一家人，我們周末在那里的派對(duì)很愉快。 _____________________________________________. 2. 站在樹(shù)下的女孩子真的很迷人。 ______________________________________________. 3. Not only does it show us the time, but it also acts as a fitness monitor and a messaging device that can be connected with an iPhone. ______________________________________________. 4. Thanks to the invention of the smart watch, we will no longer have to reach for our phones to check our messages. ______________________________________________. 5. A group of friends sitting at a table in a restaurant will overlook each other as everyone will be too busy watching their wrists in expectation of a new message. ______________________________________________. 閱讀練習(xí) 話(huà)題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 日常生活類(lèi) 議論文 403 7分鐘 __/4 ★★★ Being busy can become a way of life. Our lives are always filled with emails and text messages. They make us feel wanted and important, but in a tiring and empty way. Being busy has a dangerous allure (誘惑). If you are busy all the time, it’s hard to sit quietly with your thoughts or to really feel what you’re feeling. Why not let everything become a choice — how we spend time, who we reply to and how much or little we write? Many of us are busy because our self-worth goes up when people make demands (需求) on our time. Why don’t we free ourselves from needing, or even wanting? Why don’t we make the best use of the time and space to be productive in a way that it best serves us? That may be consciously (主動(dòng)地) keeping ourselves not busy. In fact many great discoveries were made by people who built while space into their day. Imagine asking “How are you?” to one of the most successful people you know like Warren Buffet. I’ve never heard anyone at that level answer “busy” though most people believe they are. What are they doing differently? First, they aim to project an image that things are under control. Second, they actually have things under control. They’ve had excellent staff, implemented (實(shí)施) thoughtful processes and they spend time only on critical tasks that require their attention. They make high-level strategic decisions with a large effect. It’s time to end the glory of being busy and spend time setting up processes that make sense, rather than simply working more hours. To do this, you need to change your way of thinking. It’s cool to say you’re busy, but it’s better to be busy helping someone carry a stroller up the subway stairs or busy finishing a book. How to free us from the trend of being busy? Start with small steps. For one day, be mindful of every daily activity. Consider each thing a choice and decide proactively (預(yù)先) if it’s necessary or simply a habit you can get rid of or do in half the time. Next, stop saying how busy you are. Then, figure out what you want to achieve with your day and begin doing it, Put your time and energy where you want to be. 1. What are many of us busy doing every day?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. Sitting quietly and think actively. B. Meeting people’s demands on our time. C. Making great discoveries. D. Taking high-level decisions. 2. Why don’t successful people like Warren Buffet answer “busy”?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. Because they value working abilities and attitude. B. Because they focus on attracting excellent workers. C. Because they pay more attention to learning management. D. Because they think well and spend more time on critical tasks. 3. The writer probably agrees that we should ______.（推理判斷題） A. stop considering each thing a choice B. work more hours to achieve our goals C. answer emails and messages as soon as possible D. be mindful where we want our time and energy to be 4. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?（主旨大意題） A. To advise us to be freed from the trend of being busy. B. To warn us about the danger of leading a busy life. C. To show us ways to feel good about being busy D. To tell us how to fit into the busy modern life. 參考答案 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 suggest v. 暗示，建議 act v. 行動(dòng)，表演，起作用 connect v. 連接，使…有聯(lián)系 stylish adj. 時(shí)髦的，流行的 appearance n. 外貌，外觀 positive adj. 積極的 receive v. 收到，接待 social adj. 社會(huì)的 no longer 不再 check v. 檢查，核對(duì) despite prep. 盡管 purposeful adj. 有目的的，故意的 particular adj. 特別的 outdoor adj. 室外，戶(hù)外的 personally adv. 親自地，就個(gè)人而言地 二、句子英漢互譯。 1. Thanks to Bob and his family, we had a great party there this weekend. 2. The girl standing under the tree is really charming. 3. 它不僅為我們展示時(shí)間，也扮演著一個(gè)健康檢測(cè)儀和一個(gè)能夠與iPhone連接的信息裝置。 4. 多虧了這個(gè)智能手表的發(fā)明，我們將不再必須拿出我們的手機(jī)來(lái)檢查信息了。 5. 餐館里坐在桌子旁的一群朋友將忽視彼此，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都忙著看手腕，期待著一條新信息的到來(lái)。 閱讀練習(xí) 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A D篇 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 高頻詞 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 rapidness n. 快，迅速 adj. rapid provide v. 提供，供給 fact n. 事實(shí)，實(shí)情 website n. 網(wǎng)站 collection n. 收集 v. collect remain v. 保持，依然 produce v. 產(chǎn)生，生產(chǎn) task n. 任務(wù)，工作 responsibility n. 責(zé)任，職責(zé) expensive adj. 昂貴的 opp. cheap make sure of 確定，確保 look through 仔細(xì)檢查 include v. 包括，包含 change v. 改變 record v. 記錄，記載 長(zhǎng)難句 1. Most students today depend on the rapidness and convenience of the Internet to provide the facts they look for.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)學(xué)生依靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)的快速和便捷去提供給他們所尋找的事實(shí)。 本句為不定式短語(yǔ)to provide the facts they look for.作目的狀語(yǔ)。 2. Printed encyclopedias are more or less free of mistakes. However, it is expensive to make sure of the correctness.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：印刷版的百科全書(shū)差不多摒除了錯(cuò)誤。然而，確保正確性是很昂貴的。 本句涉及到短語(yǔ)more or less“多多少少，差不多”。 3. More changes are likely for encyclopedias, whether in print or online.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：百科全書(shū)將會(huì)有更多的改變，無(wú)論是印刷版的還是在線(xiàn)的。 本句涉及到短語(yǔ)whether…or…“是…還是…”. 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀理解解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀理解的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀理解的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？ 一、閱讀理解解題步驟 第一步 快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大概。 瀏覽時(shí)要注意以下句子：每段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，重要的情節(jié)句子，如果遇到未學(xué)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞或不理解的句子，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，切不可停留而放慢速度。 第二步 瀏覽問(wèn)題，明確要求。 把文章后每個(gè)題目?jī)?nèi)容看明白，這樣又能輔助進(jìn)一步理解文章的主要內(nèi)容，具體做題時(shí)就能對(duì)號(hào)入座，找到文章中確切表達(dá)所要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵句子。 第三步 通篇尋讀，確定段落。 也就是帶著問(wèn)題去讀，找到要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞、句或意群，以及任何有關(guān)答題的信息，用鉛筆畫(huà)下來(lái)，以便為下一步答題做好充分準(zhǔn)備。 第四步 逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。 把需要回答的問(wèn)題和尋讀中找到的信息逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，出題者問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)都是按照文章內(nèi)容自上到下順序設(shè)計(jì)的，根據(jù)難度先解決容易的，最后解決深層次的理解題。 第五步 復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。 全部題目做完后，必須再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍全文，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章理解，核實(shí)所選答案是否正確。 二、閱讀理解解題技巧 初中英語(yǔ)選擇型閱讀理解題主要分為四種題型，分別是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。接下來(lái)我們將從這四種題型的定義，設(shè)題方式和解題技巧