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1、2011高考英語備考課件：語法專題(十一)代詞語法專題語法專題(十一十一)代詞代詞 一、不定代詞的用法 1one的用法 (1)one泛指“人們”，“一個人”，“任何人”。 (2)泛指同類事物中的一個，用于代替句中或上文已出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，以避免重復(fù)。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。the one相當(dāng)于that；the ones相當(dāng)于those。 這樣考過 (全國)The CDs are on sale！Buy one and you get _ completely free. AotherBothers Cone Dones 解析：句意：CD減價銷售了！買一贈一。此處one用來替代a CD。 答案

2、：C (2008鄭州)Understanding the cultural habits of another nation，especially _ containing as many different cultures as America，is a difficult thing. Athe one Bone Cit Deither 解析：考查代詞。句意：理解另一個國家的文化風(fēng)俗，尤其是一個像美國那樣包含多種文化的國家的文化風(fēng)俗，是一件比較困難的事情。one表示承接前面已出現(xiàn)過的同種類的可數(shù)名詞；承接同一個東西時用it。又因空格后為一非限定性定語，故one前不加the。 答案：B (

3、3)one可以和this或that連用，但ones一般不能和these或those連用，除非ones前有形容詞修飾。 2both，either，neither的用法詞匯botheitherneither詞義兩者都兩者中任何一個兩者中都不作主語時謂語動詞的形式復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)作定語時所修飾名詞的形式復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)常用搭配bothand(謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù))either.orneither.nor謂語動詞采用就近一致原則 這樣考過 (上饒模擬)Peter didnt choose _ of the ties and went away without looking at a third one. Aeve

4、ryBany Call Deither 解析：考查不定代詞。據(jù)句意.a third one，可知所給范圍是兩個。選D，not eitherneither。A“每個”，形容詞；B指三個或三個以上；C項not all為部分否定。 答案：D (2008北京)It was hard for him to learn English in a family，in which _ of the parents spoke the language. Anone Bneither Cboth Deach 解析：句意：他在這樣一個家庭里學(xué)習(xí)英語很難，因為在這個家庭里父母雙方都不說英語。根據(jù)題干中的the pa

5、rents，可排除A項(三者或三者以上都不)；C項指“兩者都”，D項指“兩者或兩者以上每個人/物”，由于C、D兩項都表肯定意思，也被排除。neither指“兩個都不”。 答案：B (錦州期末)I havent seen _ of her films，but judging from the one I have seen recently I think she is a promising actress. Aeither Bany Cboth Dnone 解析：考查代詞。由句中“judging from the one I have seen.”判斷為部分否定，故選C。not.both.并

6、不是兩個都。 答案：C 3all，none，no one的用法 注意：短語none other than意指“不是別人，正是”詞匯allnoneno one詞義(三者或三者以上)“所有的”(三者或三者以上)都不沒有人作主語時謂語動詞形式指代可數(shù)名詞時，用復(fù)數(shù)；指代不可數(shù)名詞時，用單數(shù)。指代可數(shù)名詞時，單復(fù)數(shù)皆可；指代不可數(shù)名詞時，用單數(shù)。單數(shù)作定語修飾名詞可以不可以不可以與of連用可以可以不可以 這樣考過 (2008浙江衢州第三中學(xué)模擬)It is not so difficult to learn program well._ you need is patience and persist

7、ence. ASomething BAll CBoth DEverything 解析：something“某事，某物”；all“全部，所有”；both“雙方，兩者”；everything“每件事物，萬物”。句意：學(xué)好這個程序并不是太難。你只要有耐心和恒心就可以了。you need是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞all。 答案：B (上海)Wow！Youve got so many clothes. But _ of them are in fashion now. Aall Bboth Cneither Dnone 解析：句意：哇！你衣服真多啊。但是沒一件是跟得上潮流的。根據(jù)句意，but引導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)折句，

8、空格處應(yīng)用否定詞none。 答案：D (全國)Charles was alone at home，with _ looking after him. Asomeone Banyone Cnot one Dno one 解析：句意：查爾斯獨自一人在家，沒有人照顧他。no onenobody沒有人。 答案：D 4each，every的用法區(qū)別 (1)each指“每一個，每個”，后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。表示兩個或兩個以上，可以和of連用。 (2)every指“每一個，每個”，后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。表示三個或三個以上，不可以和of連用。 (3)every可以表示“每隔”，構(gòu)成“every數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”、“eve

9、ryfew復(fù)數(shù)名詞”、“everyother單數(shù)名詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)，each則沒有這種用法。 (4)each and every意為“每個”，修飾主語時，主語用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 (5)“each/every可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 這樣考過 (綿陽診斷)Before going to the party，_ of us was given a ticket. Aeveryone Beach Cevery Dall 解析：考查不定代詞。根據(jù)句中的was可知不能選擇all，我們中的每個人可以表示為each of us或every one of us。 答案：B 5.other

10、，the other，another，others，the others的用法 注意：“any other名詞單數(shù)”表示“(一個范圍中的)其他任何一個”；“another數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示在原有的基礎(chǔ)上需要更多數(shù)量的東西。 詞匯otherthe otheranotherothersthe others詞義另一個另一些(兩上中的) 另一個；(三者或三者以上的) 另一個別人，別的東西(某一范圍內(nèi))其余的所有指代泛指特指泛指泛指特指 這樣考過 (北京朝陽區(qū))Children，hold the bottle with your right hand.Tommy；you are not corr

11、ect.Please use your _ hand. AotherBthe other Canother Dthe another 解析：此題考查代詞的用法。other其他的，the other兩者中另一個，another沒范圍的另一個。Tommy，你的不對，請用另一只手。此處用your other hand，如果沒有your可用the other hand. 答案：A (湖南長郡中學(xué))She thought there was _ like it in any of the stores，and she had turned all of them inside out. Ano othe

12、rBnot any Cno more Dno another 答案：A (上海高考)No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of_. Aothers Bthe other Ceither Danother 解析：由句中的neither side可以知道談判者為兩者，兩方之中另一方用the other表示。句意：由于雙方都不愿接受對方的條件，此次貿(mào)易談判未取得任何進展。 答案：B (山東)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I dec

13、ided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that. Aother Banother Cthe other Dothers 解析：句意：昨天一整天我都感覺很糟糕，所以今天早晨我決定不能像那樣面對另一天了。another泛指別的任何一天；other作定語，其前通常加some，several，one等限定詞；the other強調(diào)兩者中的另一個；others不作定語。 答案：B (2008湖南雅禮中學(xué)二模)Quite a few boys in our school like playing football in their spare time，t

14、hough _ prefer basketball. Aothers Bno one Ceveryone Dthe others 解析：others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“別的人或物”，但不是全部，不能作定語，可構(gòu)成some.others.；the others是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指“全部其余的人或物”；no one表“沒有人，誰也不”，只指人，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；everyone“每個人，人人”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。綜上所述，只有A項符合題意。 答案：A 6some，any的用法 (1)some一般用于肯定句，但也可用于表示請求、邀請、建議、反問等含義

15、的疑問句中。在希望或預(yù)料對方可能做出肯定回答的疑問句中用some。 這樣考過 (2006浙江)Dont worry if you cant come to_partyIll save_cake for you. Athe; some Ba; much Cthe; any Da; little 解析：party前面the指雙方都知道的聚會；cake是可數(shù)名詞，some cake名詞不加s表示整個蛋糕中的其中某一部分。 答案：A (2)some還可以表示不確定的“某一個”，后面跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，但前面不用冠詞。 (3)some有時和數(shù)詞連用，意為“大約”，相當(dāng)于about或around。 (4)an

16、y多用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，修飾不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“一些”；也可以用在肯定句中，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，意為“(三者或三者以上之中的)任何一個”。 這樣考過 (陜西)Jane was asked a lot of questions，but she didnt answer _ of them. Aother Bany Cnone Dsome 解析：句意：Jane被問了很多問題，但她一個都沒回答出來。首先排除A項，因為沒有“other of.”形式；設(shè)空處前有否定詞not，根據(jù)句意，排除C項；some of.中的一些，不合句意，故被排除；any與not連用表全部否定；符合句意。 答

17、案：B (2008成都)Which of the three buses shall I take to the Peoples Park? _ one as you please. AEach BEvery CAny DEither 解析：你可以乘坐“任何一輛”去人民公園。一個人一次只能乘坐一輛車，所以前兩項不正確。 答案：C 7few，a few，little，a little的用法 注意：not a little意思是“非?！?，后面跟形容詞?？隙╝ few(有幾個)a little(有一些)否定few(幾乎沒有)little(幾乎沒有)修飾詞修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞 這樣

18、考過 (2007北京)He has made a lot of films，but _ good ones. AanyBsome Cfew Dmany 解析：根據(jù)but轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣可知用few表示否定。 答案：C (2007湖北八校)I hope that _ that Ive been able to do is of some use to you. Aa few Bthe few Ca little Dthe little 解析：a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞。句中的“我所能做的一些事”為不可數(shù)且表特指，故用定冠詞the。 答案：D 8someone等復(fù)合代詞的用法

19、指人指物 用于肯定句用于否定句或疑問句通用用于肯定句用于否定句或疑問句通用someone somebodyanyone anybodyeveryone everybody no one，nobodysomethinganythingeverything nothing 這樣考過 (北京東城區(qū))Music can be very enjoyable，but _ can be appreciated unless you like it. Anothing Bsomething Ceverything Danything 解析：由句中unlessif.not.可知選A。句意：音樂能給你享受，但如果

20、你不喜歡，那也就無欣賞可言。 答案：A (重慶聯(lián)考)Whos knocking at the door? Maybe _ wanting to sell some new products. Aeverybody Banybody Csomebody Dnobody 解析：根據(jù)問句可知對方問的是誰在敲門，答語的意思是“也許是某個想出售某種新產(chǎn)品的人”，所以用somebody，表示“某個人”。 答案：C (2008河南實驗中學(xué))Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday，_ beyond my imagination. Awhi

21、ch Bthat Csomething Dthe one 解析：something在句中作同位語。 答案：C (成都檢測)Is David a man with good manners? I dont think so.As a matter of fact，he is _ but polite. Asomething Beverything Cnothing Danything 解析：anything but根本不nothing but只有，只不過；根據(jù)語境“他一點兒都不禮貌”可知答案為D。 答案：D 9.復(fù)合代詞分寫與合寫區(qū)別圖示復(fù)合形式分寫形式復(fù)合形式 復(fù)合形式everyoneever

22、y oneeverybody，anybodyeverything，anythingsomeonesome onesomebodysomethinganyone any one nobodynothing 這樣考過 (寧波質(zhì)檢)Do you have _ for the party，Mary? No，we still have to get another five chairs and some fresh flowers. AsomethingBeverything Canything Dnothing 解析：everything表示“所有一切”。由答語知問句是說“你為晚會準備好所有東西了嗎

23、？”故選B。 答案：B (錦州二模)Im afraid I have to go out now.If _ phones，tell _ Ill be back later. Aanyone; them Bsomeone; it Ceveryone; them Danyone; it 解析：第二個空用them指代anyone，英語中當(dāng)指代既可能是男人也可能是女人的詞時，一般用they，them或their。 答案：A (2008安徽合肥質(zhì)檢)The old man was the only person that died in the car crash._ else was rescued.

24、 AEveryone BAnyone CSomeone DNone 解析：everyone“每個人，人人”；anyone“任何人”；someone“有人，某人”；none“一個也沒有”。由句意“只有一位老人死于那次汽車碰撞事故中。其他人都被救了。”可知，everyone else“其他人，其他所有的人”符合題意。 答案：A 10部分否定與全部否定 英語中的概括詞all，every，both以及與every構(gòu)成的合成詞和not連用時，表示部分否定，常譯成“并非都”。 這樣考過 (2008廣西桂林一模)I think the whole class is going on a field trip

25、 next Friday. Im not sure._has paid the transportation fee. ANone of them BNo one CNot every one DNeither of them 解析：none指“三者或者三者以上的人或者物中沒人，沒有任何東西”，表示全部否定；neither指“兩個人或者物中一個也不，兩者都不”，表否定意義，作主語時 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；no one“沒有人，誰也不”，只指人，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，常用來回答who引導(dǎo)的問句；every one“每個”，指人或者物均可，與not連用表示部分否定。綜上所述，只有C項符合題意

26、。 答案：C 二、it的用法 1代替前文已出現(xiàn)過的名詞本身。 這樣考過 (西安八校聯(lián)考)My pen is gone so I have to get a new one which can _ as well as _. Abe written; that Bbe written; one Cwrite; it Dwrite; this 解析：考查動詞的語態(tài)和代詞。第一空表示鋼筆“好用”，應(yīng)填write；第二空表示“我要買一支與原來的同樣好用的新鋼筆”，表示前文中提到的同一事物應(yīng)用it，答案為C。 答案：C (鄭州預(yù)測)What an exciting party! Yes，the nigh

27、t seems as if _ would never end. Athere Btime Cthat Dit 解析：考查代詞。空白處填it，指處the night。 答案：D (南京調(diào)研)The financial crisis and the suffering _ has caused have a great influence on the whole world. Athey Bwhich Cit Dwhat 答案：C 2代替指示代詞this，that。 This is my room.It is bright and clean. 這是我的房間，明亮、清潔。 3可用作形式主語或形

28、式賓語。 這樣考過 (2008福建福州模擬)_ disappeared as time went on that he was afraid of climbing high mountains. AIt BThat CWhat DWhich 解析：句意：隨著時光的流逝，他不再害怕爬高山了。it作形式主語，that從句作真正的主語。 答案：A (寧波質(zhì)檢)The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. Athat Bit Cthis Dhim 解析：it是形式賓語，真正賓語是

29、to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. 答案：B (東北三校聯(lián)考)We have made _ clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office. Athis Bthat Cit Done 解析：make it clear that.，it指代that we are strongly against smoking in the office。 答案：C 4表示性別、身份等無法確認或說明的人或事物。 5表示時間、季節(jié)、氣候或距離等。 這樣考過 (2008天津河西質(zhì)量調(diào)查

30、)Spring is coming；_ gets warmer and warmer，and trees turn green. Athat Bit Cwhich Das it 解析：it可用來指代“天氣、時間、距離、自然現(xiàn)象、環(huán)境、嬰兒、未知的人等”。此處it指天氣；由連詞and可知，前面必須是一個和trees turn green 并列的句子才行；which 只能用來引導(dǎo)定語從句或者名詞性從句，此處很顯然不是從句，所以排除。 答案：B 6用于強調(diào)句型。 (1)It is/was被強調(diào)部分that/who其他。 被強調(diào)成分一般是主語、賓語、狀語(尤其是時間和地點狀語)或狀語從句。當(dāng)被強調(diào)成分

31、是指人的主語或賓語時，可以用that或who/whom，指物時用that。當(dāng)強調(diào)時間、地點狀語時或狀語從句時，仍然用that而不用when或where。 I saw Mary in the street yesterday. 強調(diào)主語： It was I who/that saw Mary in the street yesterday. 強調(diào)賓語： It was Mary whom/that I saw in the street yesterday. 強調(diào)地點狀語： It was in the street that I saw Mary yesterday. 強調(diào)時間狀語： It was

32、 yesterday that I saw Mary in the street. 這樣考過 (湖南十二校)Hadnt your sheep gone much farther _ you caught up with them?No，and we found _ only two of them that were frozen to death. Awhen; it were Buntil; it were Cbefore; it was Das; there was 解析：考查連詞及強調(diào)句型。連詞before意為“在之前”；“it was only two of them that we

33、re frozen to death”為強調(diào)句型，綜上分析，選C。 答案：C (南京十二中)It was not just the size of the party last night _ made it unique，but _ it meant to our company. Athat; that Bthat; what Cwhat; what Dwhat; that 解析：本句考查的是It was not.but.that句型。第二空格處缺少一個引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接代詞what，在從句中作meant的賓語。句意：昨晚的晚會對我們公司的意義使得它非同一般，而不是它的規(guī)模。 答案：B (

34、2)強調(diào)狀語從句的情況 這樣考過 (江西)It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry. Awhen; then Bnot; until Cnot until; that Donly; when 解析：句意：直到那年從非洲回來他才遇到那個他想與之結(jié)婚的女孩。本題考查強調(diào)句型It be not_until時間狀語that.，被強調(diào)的部分是時間狀語，且含有“直到才”的意思，故選C。 答案：C (南京調(diào)研)_ is it that makes you so happy? The

35、 fact that our volleyball team has got into the final. AWhich BWhy CWho DWhat 解析：問句是一個強調(diào)句去掉is it that后，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，空格所填的內(nèi)容在句中作主語，提問的是答語中的the fact，所以只能選what。本題稍難。 答案：D (3)強調(diào)賓語從句 這樣考過 (晉江四校聯(lián)考)I cant remember _ made the teacher give Mary the permission to leave the class earlier. Athat it was what Bwhat it

36、was that Cwhat was it that Dthat was it what 解析：考查強調(diào)句型。由句中知所缺部分應(yīng)為強調(diào)句型。本結(jié)構(gòu)中是含有what的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，但作remember的賓語從句，故其后應(yīng)用陳述句語序。綜上，選B。句意：我不記得是什么使得老師允許Mary提前下課。 答案：B (4)強調(diào)主語從句 這樣考過 (青島質(zhì)檢)It is exactly _ we behave _ has changed the world. Awhich; that Bhow; that Chow; what Dwhat; that 解析：考查強調(diào)句型。被強調(diào)部分為how引導(dǎo)的主語從句。 答案

37、：B (5)強調(diào)句型的疑問式 一般疑問句形式：Is/Was itthat？例如： Was it in the village that he met the old man? 這樣考過 (皖南八校)Was it in the beautiful park _ was located by the sea _ we first met our new Chinese teacher? Awhere；that Bwhich；which Cthat；that Dwhich；where 解析：考查含有定語從句的強調(diào)句型。第一空為定語從句，空中缺引導(dǎo)定語從句且作從句主語的關(guān)系代詞；第二空是強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，

38、用that。綜上，選C。 答案：C (江南十校)Could it be in the restaurant _ you had dinner with me yesterday _ you lost your handbag? Athat：which Bwhich; that Cwhere; that Dthat; where 解析：由句意“有可能你是在昨天就餐的飯店丟了手提包的嗎？”知本句為含有定語從句的強調(diào)句型，故第一空填表示地點的關(guān)系副詞where；第二空填強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)的that，故綜上分析，選C。 答案：C (成都三校聯(lián)考)Is it the years _ you worked in

39、 Africa as a doctor _ has a great effect on your literary works? Athat; where Bthat; that Cwhen; where Dwhen; that 解析：考查強調(diào)句型。分析句子知此題是考查含有定語從句的強調(diào)句型。第一空填when引導(dǎo)的定語從句；第二空填用來引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句型的that。綜上選D。 答案：D 特殊疑問句形式：Who/Whom/When/Where等is/was it that？例如： What was it that he wanted? Who was it that helped you out? W

40、here was it that they got off the train? 這樣考過 (湖南示范性中學(xué)聯(lián)考)When was it _ the Nanhai No.1，the sunken ship，was raised from the seabed? On December 22,2007. Athat Bwhat C/ Dwhich 解析：It is/ was被強調(diào)部分that句子其余部分。由句子知強調(diào)的用疑問副詞when，故用that。 答案：A (陜西西安中學(xué)) In which part of the play was _ your sister appeared? In t

41、he first ten minutes. Athat where Bthis when Cit that Dit where 解析：強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/ was被強調(diào)部分that/ who/ whom句子其余部分。由句意知本題考查的是強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句，被強調(diào)部分為“in which part of the play”，故選C。 答案：C 7用于某些習(xí)慣用法，it本身并無實際意義 You will surely make it.你肯定能成功的。 這樣考過 (煙臺檢測)To put _ simply，she is not exactly fat，but rather wellb

42、uilt for her age. A.one Bthis Cthat Dit 解析：考查固定搭配。to put it simply“簡言之”。 答案：D (日照調(diào)研)Do you think we can get to the airport by 8 00? We should make _，if there isnt too much traffic. Athat Bthis Cit Done 解析：考查交際用語。make it意為“成功；做到”。據(jù)句意：如果交通不擁堵的話，你應(yīng)該是能趕到機場的。綜上，選C。 答案：C (洛陽統(tǒng)考)I have _.Let the sheep cross

43、 the bridge first. Aone Bthat Cthis Dit 解析：I have it，意為“我知道了，我明白了”，常用于猜謎語或做題時。 答案：D 三、指示代詞this，that，these，those的用法 (1)this和these一般指在空間和時間上較近的事物，that和those一般指在空間和時間上較遠的事物。 這樣考過 (柳州模擬)Equipped with modern facilities，todays hospitals are quite different from _ of the past. Athat Bthose Cone Dones 解析：th

44、ose指代hospitals，that為指代單數(shù)名詞。 答案：B (海南中學(xué))Nothing taught by others can have the same effect on you as _ learned by yourself. Ait Bthe one Cthat Dthose 解析：考查代詞的指代作用。據(jù)句意“別人教的東西不能像自己學(xué)的東西那樣給你的影響(那么深)。”thatthe thing that.特指，有后置定語，故選C。it特指“同一個”；the one只有來指代可數(shù)名詞，故排除。 答案：C (2)this和these常指后面將要講到的事物，有啟下的作用，that和

45、those常指前面已經(jīng)講到過的事物，起承上的作用。 這樣考過 (全國)One of the most important questions they had to consider was _ of public health. Awhat Bthis Cthat Dwhich 解析：句意：他們必須考慮的最重要的問題之一就是公眾健康問題。此題考查的是that的指代用法，that在此等于the question。 答案：C (江蘇)Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to e

46、ducating their children compared with _ of their parents. Athose Bone Cboth Dthat 解析：句意：9/10的父母認為，與自己的父母相比，他們在教育孩子的方法上有很大的不同。這里that指的是approach。 答案：D (2008遼寧)Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street? Victoria Street？_ is where the Grand Theatre is. ASuch BThere CThat DThis 解析：句意：你能告訴我怎么到達維多利亞大

47、街嗎？維多利亞大街？(那)就在大戲院那里。這里實際上是要選一個詞來取代文中提到的Victoria Street。A.Such“這，這兒”。B.There“那兒”，而there be句型，不符題意。C.That 可表示上文提到的不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的特指，符合題意。D明顯不符題意。 答案：C (3)在電話用語中，this表示打電話者，that表示接電話者。 (4)that用來替代前面提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，后面總是伴隨著限制性的后置修飾語，如of短語、過去分詞短語或定語從句等。還常用于表示比較的句型中。如果代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則用those。 這樣考過 (石家莊質(zhì)檢)The informati

48、on on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _ in the newspaper. Athose Bthat Cany Done 解析：語境為“因特網(wǎng)上的信息比報紙上的信息傳播得要快得多?！笨瞻滋幪顃hat，指代前面提到的the information。 答案：B (2008全國十六所名校聯(lián)考)Their problem today is somewhat similar to _ they faced many years ago. Awhether Bwhich Cthat which Dit 解析：that用來替代前面出現(xiàn)過

49、的特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或者特指的不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于“the單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞”，屬于同名異物的替代，that后一般有限定成分；it代替前面所指的同一東西，屬于同名同物的替代。選項中的that which相當(dāng)于the problem which，which引導(dǎo)一個定語從句修飾先行詞that，which在定語從句中作賓語。答案：C 四、人稱代詞的用法 1人稱代詞作主語時用主格形式，作賓語時用賓格形式。 這樣考過 (2008湖南)Our neighbors gave _ a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. A

50、us; it Bus; itself Courselves; itself Dourselves; it 解析：句意：我們的鄰居昨天送給我們一只幼鳥，那只幼鳥從鳥巢摔了下來，受傷了。根據(jù)句意，第一個空應(yīng)填us作賓語。從句中句子的主語是bird，所以用反身代詞itself作hurt的賓語。 答案：B (2008福建順昌模擬)Only those students _ thinks the best can be accepted by Peking University or Tsinghua University. Awho Bhe Cthat Dwhat 解析：句意：只有那些他認為最好的學(xué)生

51、才能被北大或清華錄取。he thinks the best是定語從句，省略了關(guān)系代詞。 答案：B 2并列主語或賓語順序是：you，he/she and I；we，you and they。但表示承認錯誤或承擔(dān)責(zé)任時要說I，you and he/she。 這樣考過 (2007廣州)Do you really believe that Mr White has blamed us for the accident，especially_？ Ayou and me BI and you Cyou and I Dyou and we 解析：作blame的賓語，所以都應(yīng)當(dāng)用賓格形式。 答案：A 3注意約

52、定俗成的用法或習(xí)慣用法：人稱代詞在對話中單獨使用時，一般不用主格，用賓格。 Who is it？是誰呀？ Its me.是我。 這樣考過 (全國高考)Susan，go and join your sister cleaning the yard. Why_？John is sitting there doing nothing. Ahim Bhe CI Dme 解析：口語中，單獨說“我”時，一般用me。這也是一道典型的情景類題目。解答這個問題憑借的不是語法知識或者語法能力，而是實際使用語言的能力。目前的中學(xué)生很少有機會在真實的交際中使用英語，因此，刻意地去注意、去了解以英語為母語的人在交際中的

53、一些習(xí)慣表達方式就顯得特別必要和重要。 答案：D 五、物主代詞的用法 1物主代詞放在名詞前，表示“所有”，是形容詞性物主代詞。 這樣考過 (湖南十校聯(lián)考)In the front of the classroom sat a teacher，_ students seated around him discussing a hard problem with him. Awhose Bhis Cwhich Dand his 解析：“_ students seated around him discussing a hard problem with him.”中的seated是過去分詞。因為s

54、eated為及物動詞，所以該部分不是個句子，所以不需要連詞，排除A、C、D項。在該獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，邏輯主語是his students，其與seated之間為動賓關(guān)系，與discussing之間為主謂關(guān)系。 答案：B (江蘇啟東中學(xué))Not far from the club was a garden，_ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon. Awhose Bits Cwhich Dthat 答案：B 2形容詞性物主代詞可與own連用，表強調(diào)：my own house我自己的房子 這樣考過 (遼寧

55、)Children need friends _ their own age to play with. Aof Bfor Cin Dat 解析：句意：兒童需要與他們同齡的朋友玩耍。of their own age與他們同齡的，介詞短語作后置定語。 答案：A 3名詞性物主代詞作名詞用，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞名詞”，因此后面不可再加名詞。有時與of連用，構(gòu)成雙重屬格：a friend of mine我的一個朋友。 這樣考過 (南昌模擬)Toys of the children today hardly bear any resemblance to _ of _ when we were li

56、ttle kids. Athat; ours Bthose; us Cthat; us Dthose; ours 解析：考查代詞。句意：如今的孩子們的玩具幾乎沒有任何一點像我們小時候的玩具。答案為D。 答案：D (湖南長郡中學(xué))I shall leave everything to him during my absence.After all，he is _. Aone my friend Ba friend of me Cmine friend Da friend of mine 答案：D 六、反身代詞的用法 1置于句中名詞或代詞的后面，表示“自己，本人，親自”，以加強語氣。也可以放在句尾

57、。 這樣考過 (2008江西)Isnt it amazing how the human body heals_ after an injury? Ahimself Bhim Citself Dit 解析：句意：人的身體在受傷之后會自動痊愈，這不令人驚奇嗎？the human body的反身代詞顯然是itself。 答案：C (2006安徽)Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting，addressed_to_and then posted it at the nearby post office. Ait; her Bi

58、t; herself Cherself; her Dherself; herself 解析：address.to(在信件、包裹上)寫收件人或公司等的名字及地址。 答案：B (2008上海春招)Many fastgrowing countries are less concerned with protecting _ against climate changes. Aone Boneself Cthem Dthemselves 解析：很多快速發(fā)展的國家不太關(guān)心氣候變化對“自身”的影響。句中themselves與前面的countries相呼應(yīng)。 答案：D 2反身代詞還可以與某些動詞或介詞搭配，

59、構(gòu)成習(xí)慣用語。 by oneself親自，獨自地；for oneself為自己；of oneself自動地；to oneself暗自；enjoy oneself玩得高興；dress oneself自己穿上衣服；help yourself to自取，隨便吃一點；talk to oneself自言自語；make oneself understood使自己讓別人理解；teach oneself自學(xué)。 (湖南)Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems _ themselves and solve their problems _ themse

60、lves. Ato; by Bby; to Cfor; to Din; on 解析：句意：大部分美國人愿意有問題自己擔(dān)著而且靠自己來解決。have/keep.to oneselfnot shared with anyone else獨享，by后接反身代詞則表示“由自己來做”。 答案：A 七、相互代詞的用法 相互代詞有each other和one another，可以在句中作主語或賓語。它們的所有格分別是each others和one anothers。 可能這樣考 The students in this class are so united that they often help _.

61、Aone another Bone and other Ceach other Done and the other 解析：“互相幫助”應(yīng)用help each other。 答案：C 1You want to buy a stamp of this kind？Oh，this kind of stamp is on sale everywhere.You can get one at_post office in this city. AeveryBall Cany Done 答案與解析：C此處any用于肯定句，表示“任何一個”。 2Would you go and get_to eat? Bu

62、t there is_left in the dining hall at this hour. Asomething; anything Banything; nothing Csomething; nothing Danything; anything 答案與解析：C前面表示征求意見、邀請，并期望對方給予肯定的答復(fù)，因此用something; 后面是陳述句，表示否定概念，因此用nothing。 3We had a picnic last term and it was very interesting，so lets have_one this month. Athe other Bsom

63、e Canother Dother 答案與解析：C根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系判斷，此處表示不確定的另外一個，因此用another。other“另外的”，后多跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，the other指兩者(雙方)中的“另外一個，另外一方”。 4In order to guarantee the students health，the school offers them a bag of milk_. Aevery Bper Cone Deach 答案與解析：D側(cè)重整體中的每一個個體，用each。 5Why dont you take a break? Didnt we just have_？Ait BthatCone

64、 Dthis 答案與解析：C由題干分析，代詞指代的是前面的a break，為單數(shù)泛指概念，故答案為C。one代指泛指的單數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于a/an單數(shù)名詞。 6Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid_day is possible. Aeither Bneither Csome Dany 答案與解析：B由前面“Monday or Tuesday”可知是兩者之間的選擇，但下面“Im afraid”表示委婉的拒絕，故是對兩者的全部否定，答案為B。neither“兩者都不”，為全部否定。 7Who told you the news? _.I read

65、it from the newspaper. ANo one BNone CAnyone DAny one 答案與解析：Ano one表泛指，常用來回答由who引導(dǎo)的疑問句；none常用來回答how many/how much引導(dǎo)的疑問句，有限制“范圍”。 8Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in_. Athe other Bsome other Cothers Dthese others 答案與解析：Csome ways.others(other ways)構(gòu)成固定搭配。 9David has been to

66、 London and Manchester，but he doesnt like_city very much. Aboth Beither Ceach Danother 答案與解析：Beither表示兩者中的任何一個?！癶e doesnt like either city”事實上表達的是全部否定，指的是“兩個城市他都不喜歡”。 10How many chairs do you still need? Ten_please. Amore Banother Cother Dthe other 答案與解析：Aanother/other/more都有“另外的”之意，區(qū)別在于跟數(shù)詞連用時與數(shù)詞位置不同。以two為例，表達如下：another two/two more/two others。 11Take_half and give_half to your sister. Aneither; either Beither; another Ceither; the other Dany; the other 答案與解析：Ceither“兩者中的任何一個”；the other表示“兩者中另外的