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題型四 閱讀理解 云南真題剖析 (xx云南中考) 第三部分　閱讀理解(共三節(jié)，滿分35分) 第一節(jié)　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤(正確“T”，錯(cuò)誤“F”)。(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分) On a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said, “Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. Whats the good of reading？” The father didnt reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry coal. He said, “Get some water from the river with the basket and then Ill tell you the answer.” The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked(漏掉) from the basket. An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible to hold water with the basket. The father said with a smile, “Yes, you are right, my son. The basket can t hold water. But did you notice the basket was different？” The son found the dirty basket had become clean. The father continued, “Reading is like holding water with the basket. Although we cant remember all we read, we have changed while reading.” 46．The father was used to reading in the morning. 47．The son wondered if reading was good for him. 48．The father didnt answer his sons question because he thought it was stupid. 49．The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river. 50．From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person. 第二節(jié)　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分) A China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between southern Chinese and northern Chinese became a hot one: the way people shop at markets. People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time. However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying vegetables and meat enough for a week is usual. Also, you can buy a small amount(數(shù)量) of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel and cut them. But shop owners in the north hardly offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes. The difference could be due to the different weather. Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northern Chinese have the habit of storing food, especially for the long winter. But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad. 51．In southern China, people usually buy at a time. A．a(chǎn) small amount of food B．a(chǎn) large amount of food C．enough food for a week D．a(chǎn) lot of meat and vegetables 52．If you buy fruits in the south, the shop owners may . A．peel and cut them for you B．laugh at you C．only sell them in boxes and baskets D．only sell a single apple or pear 53．Many northern Chinese have the habit of keeping food because ． A．the weather is hot and wet B．food goes bad quickly C．the weather is cold and dry D．they live far away from markets 54．The underlined words “due to” mean “ ” in Chinese. A．所以 B．但是 C．然而 D．因?yàn)? 55．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Different Weather in China B．Different Living Habits in China C．Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese D．Southern China and Northern China B Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things to school. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of the schoolbag? In the Han Dynasty(漢朝), students in oldstyle private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. They were usually two or three layers(層) in the box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones(硯) and paper in the boxes. Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called the budai, or the “hippocket”. The budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding(成立) of the Peoples Republic of China, military rucksacks(軍用帆布包) became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were in school. A new style of schoolbags has appeared in recent years. Many of them have colorful and fashionable designs(時(shí)尚的設(shè)計(jì)) on them, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And they are more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks. Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like? 56．Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of ． A．cloth B．paper C．plastic D．bamboo 57．Which is NOT true according to the passage? A．Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s. B．The budai was heavier than the bamboo box. C．There are some pictures on the new style of schoolbags. D．Schoolbags have changed a lot. 58．To carry heavy textbooks, students would like to use . A．wheeled bags B．military rucksacks C．bamboo boxes D．the budai 59．We can usually read the article in ． A．a(chǎn) letter B．a(chǎn) guidebook C．a(chǎn) newspaper D．a(chǎn) notice 60．The purpose of the article is ． A．to tell us how to use schoolbags B．to explain why we use schoolbags C．to introduce the importance of schoolbags D．to introduce the development of schoolbags 第三節(jié)　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后所給的選項(xiàng)中，選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分) Making money isnt just for adults. Kids can do it, too. Making money gives you more than money. 61 By working to make your own money, youll learn how to succeed in the world. This includes dealing with money, understanding and getting along with other people. 62 Collect soft drink bottles. You can sell the collected bottles and use the money to buy a new basketball. 63 Make greeting cards. If you are good at drawing, try making special cards. You can sell your cards to make money. 64 You may have some books that you have read but you dont want to keep. Then you can sell them to make money. Win a scholarship(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金). If you get good grades at school, you can get some money as prize. 65 A．Sell old books. B．Borrow old books. C．Its also a learning process. D．However, you are polluting the environment. E．Its easy to make money if you try the following ways. F．This encourages kids to work harder to get better grades. G．At the same time, you are keeping the environment clean. 參考答案 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 本文講述了一個(gè)父親通過竹籃打水的事例，向兒子講述了讀書的作用。 【答案及解析】 46．T　根據(jù)第一段第二句知“The father was used to reading in the morning.”父親習(xí)慣于在早晨讀書，是正確的。 47．T　根據(jù)第一段中的“Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. Whats the good of reading？”可知兒子想知道讀書對他是否有好處，所以“The son wondered if reading was good for him.”是正確的。 48．F　通讀下文知，父親想讓兒子通過用竹籃打水這個(gè)事實(shí)，來說明讀書的作用。故知“The father didnt answer his sons question because he thought it was stupid.”父親沒有馬上回答兒子的問題是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為兒子的問題很傻，這句話是錯(cuò)誤的。 49．F　根據(jù)文中“The son found the dirty basket had become clean”兒子發(fā)現(xiàn)臟的竹籃子變干凈了。知“The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river.”這個(gè)竹籃子在兒子用它在河里打水后沒有不同，是錯(cuò)誤的。 50．T　根據(jù)最后兩句知“From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person.”是正確的。 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 本文主要介紹了中國南北方人們不同的購物習(xí)慣，這種不同的生活習(xí)慣可能是因?yàn)橹袊媳睔夂虻牟町悺? 【答案及解析】 A 51．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知南方的人們一次買很少數(shù)量的食物，故答案選A。 52．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句可知店主甚至幫你剝皮和切碎。故選A。 53．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句可知北方人有保存食物的習(xí)慣是因?yàn)楸狈教鞖夂涓稍?，食物容易保存，故正確答案是C。 54．D　推理斷題。分析文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合句子“The difference could be due to the different weather.”知“南北方購物習(xí)慣的不同”和“不同的氣候”之間可能存在因果關(guān)系，推測“due to”的意思是因?yàn)?，故選D。 55．B　主旨大意題。通讀全文知本文主要介紹了中國南北方人們不同的購物習(xí)慣即不同的生活習(xí)慣。故選B。 B 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了書包的發(fā)展歷史。 【答案及解析】 56．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知選D。 57．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知選項(xiàng)A是正確的； B選項(xiàng)“The budai was heavier than the bamboo box.”布袋比竹盒子重。根據(jù)常識，很顯然是錯(cuò)誤的；根據(jù)第四段第一句可知選項(xiàng)C是正確的；通讀全文知選項(xiàng)D是正確的。故答案選B。 58．D　推理判斷題。題干的意思是：為了攜帶很重的課本，學(xué)生們愿意使用：A. wheeled bags“帶輪子的袋子”；B. military rucksacks“軍用帆布包”；C. bamboo boxes“竹子的箱子”；D. the budai“布袋”。很顯然B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，都為歷史上“書包”，當(dāng)然現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生都愿意使用現(xiàn)代的既時(shí)尚又省力的“帶輪子的包”，故答案選D。 59．C　推理判斷題。A. a letter“一封信”；B. a guidebook“一本指導(dǎo)書”；C. a newspaper“一份報(bào)紙”；D. a notice“一個(gè)通知”。通讀全文知這篇文章是一篇說明文，介紹了書包的發(fā)展歷史。根據(jù)常識，它不可能出現(xiàn)在A，B，D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)上，故答案選C。 60．D　主旨大意題。通讀全文知本文主要介紹了書包的發(fā)展歷史，故選答案D。 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 這篇文章主要講述了不僅成年人掙錢，孩子也可以掙錢。掙錢也是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的過程，你現(xiàn)在正在學(xué)習(xí)的東西，能使你在以后的生活中更好地掙錢。 【答案及解析】 61．C　根據(jù)本空上一句可知，掙錢給予你的不僅僅是錢，它還是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)過程。可知選C。 62．E　根據(jù)下文列出的一些掙錢的方法知該空應(yīng)填E。“Its easy to make money if you try the following ways.”如果你嘗試下列的一些方法，掙錢是很容易的。 63．G　根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，你可以把收集的飲料瓶賣掉來買球，這是收集飲料瓶的一大好處。下文還列舉了另一個(gè)好處，可以保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選G。 64．A　通讀整篇文章知“Sell old books”與“Collect soft drink bottles”“Make greeting cards”“Win a scholarship”是并列的幾種掙錢的方法，故填A(yù)。 65．F　根據(jù)最后一段第二句知下一句與成績有關(guān)。故選F。