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課時(shí)訓(xùn)練(十四) (限時(shí):25分鐘) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1.Alice is a kind girl.We all like 　　　　. A.him B.her C.you D.them 2.Before you leave the classroom, make sure to turn　　　　 the lights. A.up B.down C.on D.off 3.Hurry up, 　　　　you will miss the beginning of the movie. A.and B.or C.so D.but 4.—　　　　 you help me lift this box? —Yes.Of course. A.Can B.May C.Must D.Need 5.—　　　　 is your grandpa, Emma? —Hes watering the flowers in the garden. A.When B.Where C.What D.How 6.—Which subject do you like 　　　　, math or English? —Math. A.well B.better C.best D.the best 7.Yao Ming　　　　 eighteen schools since xx. A.builds B.built C.has built D.will build 8.—What was Peter doing when his mother called him yesterday? —He 　　　　in the library. A.reads B.read C.is reading D.was reading 9.Bill asked me 　　　　take care of his pet dog more carefully next time. A.helped B.helps C.helping D.to help 10.Yesterday Lily　　　　 her homework because she was ill. A.doesnt do B.wont do C.isnt doing D.didnt do 11.As everybody knows, the book 　　　　by Mark Twain. A.writes B.wrote C.was written D.has written 12.—Do you know　　　　 for the coming winter vacation? —He will go to Australia. A.where Adam will go B.where Adam went C.where will Adam go D.where did Adam go Ⅱ.[xx東城二模] 閱讀理解 Do You Believe You Can Improve? Theres a high school in Chicago with an unusual grading system.If students dont pass a test, they get a different kind of grade “Not Yet” instead of “Failed”. In her TED presentation The Power of Believing You Can Improve, Carol Dweck, a psychologist(心理學(xué)家),explains the power of “Not Yet”: If you get a failing grade, you think youre nothing.But if you get the grade“Not Yet”, you understand that youre on the way to the future. In one study led by Dweck, she wanted to see how children dealt with challenges and difficulties.She gave 10-year-old children problems that were a bit too hard for them.“Some of them behaved in a surprisingly positive way,” explained Dweck.“They said things like ‘I love a challenge.’ or ‘I think Ive learned something from this.’”.These children had a“growth mindset”.They understood that their abilities could be developed.They didnt run from error(失誤); they learned from it. But other children felt it was terrible to make an error.They felt their intelligence(才智)had been used up.These children had a “fixed mindset”.They didnt believe they could do anything to improve the situation.In the follow-up studies, Dweck learned these children were more likely to cheat.They looked for someone who did worse than they did so they could feel better about themselves.The children with a fixed mindset were operating from the “Now”, however, the children with a growth mindset were operating from the “Not Yet”. We all have things we want to improve.The problem, however, is few of us believe we can.We believe were not smart, or we dont have enough time. We believe we cant persist(堅(jiān)持) in the face of difficulties or learn from criticism(批評(píng)).Its a result of a fixed mindset.But the wonderful reality is we can move from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset once we know how. First, believe you can change, now.Not tomorrow, next week, next month, or next year, but now. Next, for every negative(負(fù)面的)thought, write down a positive answer.So when your self-talk says,“I tried running before and gave up after a week.”, you can reply,“Thats because I didnt have a carefully designed plan.Now I have one and Im going to stick to it.” Developing a growth mindset takes time and effort, but over time, with enough practice, youll operate less from the “Now” and more from the “Not Yet”. 13.Why does the school in Chicago use “Not Yet” instead of “Failed” to grade students? A.To keep students from losing confidence. B.To help students realize their weak points. C.To advise students to take the test a second time. D.To make students understand their future is uncertain. 14.Which of the following statements shows that the person has a “growth mindset”? A.“I failed in the task.I was nothing.” B.“I cant stick to taking exercise.Im too busy.” C.“I know math is interesting but I am not smart for it.” D.“I didnt win the competition but I learned a lot from it.” 15.What can we learn from the passage? A.Most people believe they can improve themselves. B.Dweck did the study to help children get better grades. C.Some children cheated in the study and were punished. D.People can follow some ways to develop a growth mindset. Ⅲ.[xx北京] 閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文回答問題 When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter E.Have you ever thought about why that is so? In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first four letters are typically considered passing grades.An F in this system simply stands for “fail”.The word“fail” happens to start with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E.The fact of the matter is that any letter can mean“not-passing” or “fail”.Some schools have U grade for “unsatisfactory”, or I grade for “incomplete”. Even with all this said, we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US. The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College.In 1897, they began to use the following grading scale: A:95—100%(excellent) B:85—94%(good) C:76—84%(fair) D:75%(barely passed) E:below 75%(failed) We can see the inclusion of E instead of F. Gradually, the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US.However, many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F.There is no evidence(證據(jù)) to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for“excellent”. Why do we have letter grades? Well, part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools.As the 20th century began, growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms.Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students. Today, more and more people argue that letter grades dont fully reflect(反映) student learning.However, as teachers try to improve grading methods, many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids.They are familiar(熟悉的) and easy for parents to understand.So while they might not be perfect, the letter grades probably arent going away any time soon. 16.What does an F stand for in the A, B, C, D and F grading system? 17.When was the letter grading system first used in the US college? 18.What is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade? 19.What did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century? 20.Why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today?  參考答案 Ⅰ.1—6　BDBABB　7—12　CDDDCA Ⅱ.[主旨大意] 心理學(xué)家Dweck研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“成長(zhǎng)思維模式”的人勇于面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn),能夠從失誤中學(xué)習(xí),而“固定思維模式”的人不相信自己,害怕犯錯(cuò)誤,文中同時(shí)介紹了從“固定思維模式”到“成長(zhǎng)思維模式”的轉(zhuǎn)變方法。 13.A　根據(jù)第一段中“But if you get the grade ‘Not Yet’, you understand that youre on the way to the future.”可知,給學(xué)生“Not Yet”的評(píng)語,學(xué)生會(huì)明白他們?cè)谕ㄍ磥淼穆飞?會(huì)避免使他們失去信心。故選A。 14.D　 15.D　文章在倒數(shù)第二和第三段介紹了從固定思維模式到成長(zhǎng)思維模式轉(zhuǎn)變的方法,所以人們可以遵循這些方法來培養(yǎng)成長(zhǎng)思維模式。故選D。 Ⅲ.16.It stands for “fail”. 17.In 1897. 18.Teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “excellent”. 19.They thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students. 20.Because the letter grades are familiar and easy for parents to understand.