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Unit 1 Lifestyles 課時(shí)練1　閱讀理解提速練 閱讀理解 A (2018合肥高三調(diào)研性檢測) Golden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $ 35 million in the construction. Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2，737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world. Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1，825 meters. The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies. George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a twolevel suspension bridge. Mackinac Bridge This is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8，038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David B. Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954.It was opened to the public in 1957. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money. Navajo Bridge Located in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390，000. In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995. The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國五座著名的大橋。 1．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge? A．It consists of two bridges. B．It costs the least of the five bridges. C．It is the longest suspension bridge in the world. D．It takes about 4 years to plete the construction. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的 “the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金門大橋的建造時(shí)間約有四年，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．Which of the following bridges was built the earliest? A．Golden Gate Bridge. B．Brooklyn Bridge. C．George Washington Bridge. D．Navajo Bridge. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“was built the earliest”定位到每座大橋的建造時(shí)間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建造時(shí)間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項(xiàng)正確。 3．What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge? A．Have to pay some money. B．Use the second bridge. C．Cover nearly 250 meters. D．See the statue of Dr. David B. Steinman. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會(huì)被收取一定量的錢，故A項(xiàng)正確。 B (2018惠州高三第一次調(diào)研考試)Following the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults. Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That’s true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health. So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens’ closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person’s overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teen’s behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family ine and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did. Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy.”And, he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.” 【解題導(dǎo)語】　研究表明，與朋友較少或者沒有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在長大后更健康。當(dāng)然，與朋友相處也有壞處。 4．Where can you probably read this passage? A．Science fiction. B．Health column. C．Fashion magazine. D．Entertainment newspaper. B　解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹青少年時(shí)的友誼對青少年成年后健康的影響。據(jù)此可知，本文屬于健康知識類文章，故可判斷，本文可能選自“健康專欄”。故B項(xiàng)正確。 5．We can learn from Allen’s study that________． A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health C．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27 D．the teens who couldn’t express themselves grew up to be unhealthier D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whether teens held back...sick as adults”可知，青少年是否向他們的好朋友表達(dá)情感也會(huì)影響到其成年后的健康，那些壓抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D項(xiàng)正確。 6．According to what Allen said, we can know that________． A．in order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowd B．though it’s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up C．teens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，與朋友相處使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同時(shí)也會(huì)帶來不利影響，即周圍同齡人帶來的壓力，這些壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多問題。分析Allen的話“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy”可以判斷，青少年要應(yīng)對這些壓力，找到正確的平衡點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵，不能因?yàn)楹茈y找到平衡點(diǎn)就灰心喪氣。故選B。 7．What can be inferred from the passage? A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd. B．Close friendships are the most important for people’s health. C．Teen friendships may help teens bee healthier adults.　 D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults”可知，與朋友相處的青少年在成年后會(huì)更加健康。C項(xiàng)意為“青少年時(shí)期的友誼會(huì)幫助青少年成為更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思。故C項(xiàng)正確。 C (2018太原高三模擬) Dear Parents， I’m delighted that you are considering The British International School for your child’s education. Our school offers first－class international education delivered by experienced and professional staff. We aim to provide a high quality British－style education characterized by： The arrangement of the English national curriculum to meet the needs of international and local students and offering an insight into the local culture. High quality teaching provided by international and local staff. A broad personal development plan for students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect. A recognition of the school－parent partnership in the successful education of the children. An acknowledgement that all students are individuals who deserve an environment to help them realize their academic and other potential, thereby preparing them for their chosen continuing education and career. A safe, caring, happy and stimulating environment benefiting from high quality facilities. Our school provides an effective framework for education through a broad, balanced and monitored curriculum. As students advance through the schooling, we make sure that their needs are met through progressive teaching and learning. Although our curriculum is based upon the national curriculum for England, it is adapted where appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body. Thus，we strive for the development of transferable skills through the years of schooling, as well as the acquisition(獲得) of a broad body of knowledge. Students are given opportunities to develop many skills, which include skills in language, science, technology and mathematics, in the aesthetic(審美的) and creative fields of music, drama and art, and in physical education. We insist that students act in a responsible manner toward all members of the munity. Throughout the school years, students are taught to distinguish between right and wrong and show consideration for others. The qualities of honesty, kindness and good manners are always encouraged. Our friendly atmosphere provides a secure and happy environment in which children can grow as individuals and valued members of the school family. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　該文是一封學(xué)校校長致家長的信。 8．What do you think the author is? A．A school principal. B．An exchange student. C．An assistant professor. D．An experienced lecturer. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Our school offers first－class international education delivered by experienced and professional staff”可推知，本文的作者是文中所提到的學(xué)校的校長，故選A。 9．Why does the school change its curriculum when necessary? A．To develop some good students’ skills. B．To meet the needs of different students. C．To offer an insight into the local culture. D．To help students realize their potential. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Although our curriculum is based upon the national curriculum for England, it is adapted where appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body”可知，課程的調(diào)整是為了適應(yīng)學(xué)生需求的多樣性。 10．Which of the following about the students is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Manners. B．Self－discipline. C．Qualities. D．Independence. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第五段的“A broad personal development plan for students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect”可知，文章中沒有提到自律。 11．What is the purpose of the passage? A．The author thinks schools and parents play an important role in teaching. B．The author is stressing that responsibility is the most important thing for a student. C．The author is encouraging more parents to send their children to this school. D．The author implies students bee valued people with a friendly atmosphere. C　解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文是一封校長致家長的信，介紹了學(xué)校的特色和優(yōu)勢，目的在于向家長推廣這所學(xué)校，鼓勵(lì)更多家長把自己的孩子送到這所學(xué)校來學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。 D (2018陜西西北六校模擬)With Halloween just around the corner, today we will explore the world of ghosts in this program! The MerriamWebster online dictionary says the word “ghost” goes back a thousand years to the “earliest recorded evidence of the language”. The first meaning of “ghost” was “the seat of life or intelligence”. And it still has that meaning in some expressions. However, today, the word “ghost” usually means the soul of a dead person. This meaning is based on the idea that a person’s spirit and body are separate. The spirit can continue existing long after the body has died. During Halloween, kids dressed as ghosts are mon sights. The costume is very simple：just throw on a white cloth that covers you from head to foot. But do not expect to win any costume petitions! You would not have a ghost of a chance. People use this expression to mean that something is very unlikely to happen. The sight might even make you turn pale as a ghost. This is used when people lose color in their face. Sometimes this happens when a person is scared. But a bad cold or flu can also turn you as pale as a ghost. “Ghost” can also be a verb. In the 1880s the term “ghost” meant a person who works in secret for another person. Ghostwriters produce speeches for politicians. They also produce books for authors who want to tell their life stories but are not professional writers. And sometimes ghostwriters are involved in a series of books, like the children’s stories based on the teenage detective Nancy Drew. The series began in 1930. The author given credit was Carolyn Keene. But she was not even real! Ghostwriters did all the work. Another expression using “ghost” as a verb is simply to ghost. This does not mean to die. It means to leave a place or event without saying “goodbye” to anyone. You can ghost from your job. You can ghost from a party. Yon can even ghost from a relationship. This is when you stop municating with someone because you are simply no longer interested in them. But I will not ghost from Words and Their Stories. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要對“ghost”一詞進(jìn)行了深入探索。 12．The basic meaning of the word “ghost” nowadays is ________． A．the secret of another person B．the spirit of a dead person C．the color of one’s face D．the origin of intelligence B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第一句“However，today，the word‘ghost’usually means the soul of a dead person”可知，ghost 現(xiàn)在的基本含義是“一個(gè)死人的靈魂”。 13．If someone says “you don’t have a ghost of a chance to win the match”， he means________． A．without doubt you won’t lose the match B．the match is unlikely to happen C．it’s impossible for you to win the match D．you are too scared to win the match C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“People use this expression to mean that something is very unlikely to happen”可知，題干中引號內(nèi)的意思是“你不可能贏得比賽”，故選C。 14．What can be inferred about the word “ghost” according to the passage? A．Kids dressed in a white cloth like ghosts can win a costume petition. B．A bad cold can turn people as pale as a ghost because they fear illness. C．It was Carolyn Keene who ghostwrote the children’s stories. D．A person devoted to his job is unlikely to ghost from his job. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第三句“It means to leave a place or event without saying ‘goodbye’ to anyone”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，一個(gè)熱愛自己工作的人是不可能輕易離開自己的工作的，ghost的含義和引用的句子呼應(yīng)，故選D。 15．This passage is likely to appear in________． A．a(chǎn) radio program B．a(chǎn) Halloween poster C．a(chǎn) fashion magazine D．a(chǎn) newspaper advertisement A　解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段“With Halloween just around the corner，today we will explore the world of ghosts in this program”可推知，本文選自一個(gè)電臺的節(jié)目，故選A。 七選五 (2018江西贛中五校高三聯(lián)考)More and more people are working remotely.Here are some tips to keep in mind to stay focused on your work when working at home： Set and keep regular office hours. 1．________Then try your best to leave work at the“office” and turn your phone on silent and enjoy the rest of your day.Give yourself some time to recharge so you can be as productive as possible. Plan and structure your workdays. Structure your workdays to maximize(使最大化) efficiency.Take advantage of your body’s natural rhythms.2.________If you know you focus best in the morning，resist the temptation to check email until 10 a．m.or later. Set aside a designated(指定的) work area. Try to work at the same spot every day.3.________And make it a place you enjoy going to each day，an area where you can focus and do your best work. Take breaks. Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day.Rise from your desk，stretch or walk around the house or down the street.4.________If you need social activities，go out to lunch with friends or clients. Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)． One challenge of working at home is distraction.With no colleagues or partners nearby，it’s easy to bee distracted.Stay focused on work throughout the day to maintain consistent productivity.5.________ A．It could be a spare bedroom that you’ve turned into a home office. B．Plan your work around your most productive hours. C．Do your best to set work hours and stick to them. D．Take a lunch break and enjoy a midday meal. E．It is more fortable to stay at home. F．Some interruptions can’t be avoided. G．Avoid online distractions as well. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了五種在家工作時(shí)如何保持注意力集中的方法。 1．C　解析：根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Set and keep regular office hours”可知，此處與工作時(shí)間的設(shè)定有關(guān)，所以選C項(xiàng)。 2．B　解析：根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Plan and structure your workdays”可推知，此處與工作計(jì)劃有關(guān)，并與本段第一句“Structure your workdays to maximize(使最大化) efficiency”呼應(yīng)，所以選B項(xiàng)。 3．A　解析：根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Set aside a designated(指定的) work area”可知，此處表示家庭辦公區(qū)的設(shè)定和安排，所以選A項(xiàng)。 4．D　解析：根據(jù)本段第一句“Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day”并結(jié)合小標(biāo)題“Take breaks”可推知，工作期間適當(dāng)休息一下有助于集中注意力，所以選D項(xiàng)。 5．G　解析：根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)”可推知，網(wǎng)上使人分心的內(nèi)容也是集中注意力所需要避免的，所以選G項(xiàng)。