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2019-2020年高一英語 Book3 Unit4 Astronomy學案1 人教新目標 教師寄語：Love is ever the beginning of knowledge as fire is of light. 　　 知識總是從愛好開始，猶如光總是從火開始一樣。 單詞自主學習學案 英漢互譯： 天文學______ 系統(tǒng)，體制，制度______ 太陽系____________ 宗教，宗教信仰________ 學說，理論________ 原子 ________萬億，十億 ______球體，地球儀，地球__________ 猛烈地，激烈的, 強暴的________ 及時，終于____________ 碳__________ 大氣層，氣氛____________ 不同，不像_________ 基本的，基礎(chǔ)的__________ 有害的 _________ 酸 ________鏈子，連鎖，鎖鏈___________ 乘，增加__________ 氧 _______下蛋 _________存在，生存__________ 產(chǎn)生，分娩 ______________ 因此，于是______ 輪到某人，接著________________ 二氧化物_____________ 二氧化碳 ____________阻止，制止_____________ 謎，難題 __________ 生物學____________ 生物學家____________ 重力_____________ 衛(wèi)星，人造衛(wèi)星___________ 溫和的，文雅的____________ 物理學家_________ 擋住（光線）__________ 氣候_________ 碰撞，墜落 _________ 宇宙飛船 _____________拉，托，牽引力__________ 感到高興，感到振奮______ 使浮動，使漂浮__________ 既然___________ 突發(fā)，爆發(fā) ___________ 密切注視，當心，提防_____________ Astronomer____________ solar___________ Big Bang____________ global________ nitrogen__________ vapor_________ presence_________ dissolve_________ reaction___________ shellfish_________ amphibian______ reptile__________dinosaur____________mammal___________geologist________ extinct __________et_________ lessen___________ weightlessly_________ cabin___________ get the hang of__________ exhaust____________ 單詞課內(nèi)探究學案 1. system n.[c] 系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法 systematic adj. 有系統(tǒng)的; 有條理的 The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 太陽系包括太陽和它的八顆行星。 The ______ ______ (教育系統(tǒng)) operates very differently in the US and China. 2．in time 及時；最終；遲早 [典例] 1). They caught the bus in time. 他們及時趕上了汽車。 2). If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果堅持下去，你們總有一天會成功的。 [短語歸納] time短語： in time for sth./ to do sth. 及時；不遲 in no time 立刻；馬上 at one time 一度，曾經(jīng) at times有時，間或 at the same time 同時，但還是 at no time永不…… on time 按時；準時have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth It’ s (high/about) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的時候了 It is\was the 1st\2nd\3rd….time that sb. have\had done sth. 3.fundamental adj. 基本的，基礎(chǔ)的 Hard work is _____________ to success. 勤奮工作是成功的基礎(chǔ). There is a fundamental difference between the two points of view. 譯: (這兩個觀點有根本的區(qū)別.) 4. harmful adj. 有害的；傷害的 harm n.&vt. 傷害（某人） [典例] Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking. 很多人都意識到吸煙的危害。 [重點用法] be harmful to sb./sth. 對……有害 do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 對……有害；傷害…… [練習] 根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。 1). Everyone knows that smoking is ______ to your health. 2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do ______ to their growth. 3). 在陽光下看書對你的眼睛傷害很大。 _____________________________________________________________________ 5.multiply t. &vi 乘；增加 3 _________ 5 is 15. 三乘五等于十五. (multiplied by) One can make 12 by _____ 2 and 6 (together). 以2、6相乘可得12. (multiplying) When animals have more food, they generally multiply faster. 譯：(動物吃得越多，通常繁殖得也越快.) 6.lay eggs 下蛋 lay vt. 放，擱，產(chǎn)卵---laid--laid She laid the baby down gently on the bed. 譯: ( 她把嬰兒輕輕地放在床上.) _______________ for dinner. 擺桌子吃飯。(lay the table) lie 平躺，位于—lay—lain 說謊—lied –lied 7. exist vi. 存在；生存 existence n. 存在 [典例] 1). Does life exist on Mars? 火星上有生命嗎? 2). I can hardly exist on the wage I’ m getting. 我靠我掙的工資簡直難以糊口。 [重點用法] e into existence There exist…. When ___Pakistan _____as an independent country? A. was; e into existence B. did; e into existence 8. in one’ s turn 輪到某人；接著 [短語歸納] turn短語： in turn輪流；一個接著一個 take turns (to do sth.)輪流（做某物） It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事了 Some plants can take in carbon dioxide we breathe out and give off oxygen _____. A. in case B. in turn C. in return D. in addition [練習] 用turn短語翻譯句子。 1). 我們輪流著開車。 _____________________________________________________________________ 2). 今天輪到誰發(fā)言了？ _____________________________________________________________________ 9. prevent...from = stop...from = keep....from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事 注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中from不可省略，因為keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被動語態(tài)中，三者的from都不可省. It’s too bright in the sun. You’d better wear a pair of dark glasses to ____ your eyes ___ the sun. A. stop; from B. protect; from C. keep; from D. protect; for 10.puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)為難 n.謎；難題 puzzled adj.無法了解的；困惑的 puzzling adj.令人費解的 [典例] 1). Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。 2). Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他們?yōu)槭裁匆龃耸挛胰阅涿睢? [重點用法] sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/為難 sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人對……感到迷惑 puzzle about/over sth. 對某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） puzzle one’ s brain苦思苦想；絞盡腦汁 [練習] 用puzzle的適當形式填空或翻譯。 1). To explain the ________ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories. 2). I _______ (puzzle) that I haven’ t heard from Liz for so long. 3). She listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face. 4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ (puzzle) of how life began. 5). He _______ (puzzle) what to do next. 6). _______ _______ _______ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone. 11. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼 cheerful adj.高興的 [典例] 1). The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 女王出現(xiàn)時群眾高聲歡呼。 2). He was greatly cheered by the news. 他聽到這個消息非常高興。 [重點用法] cheer sb. on為某人加油 cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高興或更快活