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2019-2020年高一英語(yǔ) Book4 Unit 1 Great women and their achievements學(xué)案2 人教新目標(biāo) 8. observe vt. 觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守 observation n.[u] 觀察；觀測(cè)；監(jiān)視 [典例] 1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方監(jiān)視著那男子進(jìn)入銀行的情況。 2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子緊跟著他。 [重點(diǎn)用法] observe sb. do sth. 觀察某人做某事(已做完) observe sb. doing sth. 觀察某人正在做某事 under observation 被監(jiān)視 [練習(xí)] 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。 1). They were observed ______ (enter) the bank then. 2). Keynes（凱恩斯） _______ _______ (觀察到) humans fall into two classes. 9. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重視 [典例] 1). If you don’ t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到別人尊重呢? 2). I have the greatest respect for you. 我非常尊敬您。 [重點(diǎn)用法] respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人 out of respect 出于尊敬 gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 贏得某人的尊敬 [練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。 1). The new officer soon ________ (贏得) the respect of his men. 2). I ________ you ________ (因某事而尊敬) your honesty. 10. argue vt.&vi. 討論；辯論；爭(zhēng)論 argument n.[c]爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)吵 [典例] 1). Don’ t argue with your mother. 不要和母親爭(zhēng)辯。 2). I argued that we needed a larger office. 我據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)我們需要大些的辦公室。 [重點(diǎn)用法] argue for (sb./sth.)為(某人/某事)而辯護(hù) argue against (sb./sth.) 反對(duì)某人/某事)而辯護(hù) argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 與某人(為某事)而爭(zhēng)吵 argue that... 主張…… have an argument about/over sth. 辯論某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通過(guò)爭(zhēng)論使某人做/不做某事 (persuade sb. into/out of doing sth.) [練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或翻譯。 1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (說(shuō)服她加入) us. 2). We argued _______ the waiter _______ the price ______ the meal. 11. support vt.&n. 支持；擁護(hù)；支撐；贍養(yǎng)； [典例] 1). Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 這座橋禁得住重型卡車通行嗎? 2). He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他餓得沒(méi)有力氣, 我得攙著他。 [重點(diǎn)用法] support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 贍養(yǎng)家庭 support sb. in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面支持某人 in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物 give support to sb. 支持、支援某人 [練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。 1). Will you support me _______ (介詞) my campaign for election? 2). Jim was a great support _______ (介詞) them when their father died. 3). 我求學(xué)期間由父母供養(yǎng)。 ___________________________________________________________ 12. intend vt. 計(jì)劃；打算 intention n. 意圖，意向，目的 [典例] 1). I hear they intend to marry/intend marrying. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們要結(jié)婚了。 2). I intend you to take over. 我打算讓你來(lái)接管。 [重點(diǎn)用法] intend to do/doing sth. = mean to do sth. 打算做某 sth. be intended for (某物)是為而準(zhǔn)備的 intend sb. to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事 [練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。 1). This book is ______ ______ ______ (是為初學(xué)者寫(xiě)的). 2). I didn’ t intend her ______ (see) the painting until it was finished. 13. deliver vt.接生(小孩)，遞送，發(fā)表(演說(shuō)) delivery n. 投遞 deliverer 遞送者，交貨人 [典例] 1). The baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一個(gè)醫(yī)療站接生的。 2). rade Yang delivered the opening speech. 楊同志致開(kāi)幕詞。 [重點(diǎn)用法] deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩 on delivery 送達(dá)時(shí)，貨到時(shí)deliver sth. to ...... 把某物送到…… [練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。 1). Some new books have ______ (deliver) ______ (介詞) the schoo1. 2). The actor _______ his speech _______ (介詞) a soft voice. 14．entertainment n. 款待；娛樂(lè);娛樂(lè) 表演　　entertain v. a place of entertainment (u.n.) 娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所 The local entertainments (c.n.) are listed in the newspaper. 本地的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)都登在報(bào)紙上了。 15. inspire inspire sb. to do sth.鼓舞某人做某事 His spirit inspires us to work hard to achieve more in our life. inspiration (n.) 靈感　 inspiring (adj.) 鼓勵(lì)人的　inspired (adj.) 有創(chuàng)作力的 Her inspiring speech yesterday made us inspired. 16. determination I have the determination to win / of winning honor for our team. determine (v.)--determine to do sth. They determined to go at once/ that he would go at once. determined (adj.) be determined to do sth. I am determined to go. She is a very determined woman. 17.consideration Your suggestion is under consideration. John never showed any / had no consideration for anyone. 他從來(lái)不替他人著想。 Cost is an important consideration for me when I buy new clothes. 我買新衣服時(shí)，價(jià)錢是考慮的一個(gè)重要因素。 take sth. into consideration 考慮到 Your teacher will take your illness into consideration when judging your paper. considerate (adj.) 替人著想的 be considerate of others 能體諒別人的 It is so considerate of you to serve such good meals for us. consider 1) 認(rèn)為　consider---as/to be---- 2）考慮consider doing something Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)詞組 1. look down upon/on蔑視；瞧不起 [典例] 1). She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起沒(méi)上過(guò)大學(xué)的人。 2). You can’ t look down upon a person because he is poor. 你不能因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)人窮而瞧不起他。 [重點(diǎn)用法] look短語(yǔ)： look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某人看作 look on 袖手旁觀 look into sth. 調(diào)查或觀察某事物