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Unit 1 Art 一、閱讀理解。 Two years ago，Dimas Aliprandi and Elton Plaster didnt know of each others existence.Then they learned they had been switched at birth by mistake more than 20 years ago.The discovery didnt bring bitterness.Rather，it led to the creation of a bigger family. The chain of events started with Dimas，who was always wondering why he did not look like the four sisters he grew up with.He was 14 when his doubts grew after watching a TV news report on babies getting switched at birth because of mistakes at hospitals.He wanted to do a DNA test，but it was too expensive for the family. A decade later，Dimas did it on his own.The DNA test showed that he was not the birth son of the man and woman who had raised him.The news was a shock for his parents.They at first refused to believe the results，but eventually decided to help him look for his biological parents. The search began at the Madre Regina Protmann Hospital where records were checked.The hospital searched its records and found Elton Plaster was born there on the same day. The records led Dimas to the 35acre farm where Plaster lived with his parents，Nilza and Adelson，in the town of Santa Maria de Jetiba，about 30 miles from the Aliprandi home in Joao Neiva.After tests，the Plasters discovered that Elton was the biological son of the man and woman that Dimas had been calling Mom and Dad for 24 years.Meanwhile，the couple Elton had always regarded as his biological parents were Dimas parents. About a year ago，Aliprandi and the parents who raised him accepted an offer from the Plasters to move to their farm，where they built a home.“This is the way it should be，” Adelson Plaster recently told Globo TV.“We are all together and I now have two sons living and working here.” 1．Who was the first to discover the baby switch? A．Elton Plaster. B．Dimas Aliprandi. C．Globo TV. D．The hospital. 2．Where do the Aliprandis now live? A．In Sao Pauo. B．In Joao Neiva. C．In Madre Regina Protmann. D．In Santa Maria de Jetiba. 3．What did the Aliprandis do when they knew about the baby switch? A．They took another DNA test. B．They switched the hospitals records. C．They helped Dimas find his birth parents. D．They went to Globo TV for more information. 4．Who are Elton Plasters biological parents? A．The Aliprandis. B．The Plasters. C．Dimas and Elton. D．Nilza and Adelson. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。兩個(gè)名叫Dimas Aliprandi和Elton Plaster的同齡人由于出生時(shí)在醫(yī)院被抱錯(cuò)，互換了父母和家庭，但這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤反而促成了一個(gè)新的大家庭的誕生。 長難句分析：About a year ago, Aliprandi and the parents who raised him accepted an offer from the Plasters to move to their farm, where they built a home.(最后一段第一句) 分析：本句是復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，指代先行詞the parents；where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞“farm”。 譯文：大約一年以前，Aliprandi和他的養(yǎng)父母接受了Plaster一家的提議，搬到了他們的農(nóng)場，在那里他們組建了新家。 詞匯積累：existence n．存在　switch v．調(diào)換，轉(zhuǎn)變　eventually adv.終于，最終　biological adj.生物學(xué)的，有血親關(guān)系的 1．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The chain of events started with Dimas...he grew up with.”并聯(lián)系下文內(nèi)容可知，Dimas覺得自己和一同長大的四個(gè)姐妹長得不像，于是在長大后做了DNA鑒定，所以是他首先發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被抱錯(cuò)了。故選B。 2．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“About a year ago，Aliprandi and the parents who raised him accepted an offer from the Plasters to move to their farm”并結(jié)合下一句可知，Dimas Aliprandi和他的父母現(xiàn)在同Plaster一家住在一起；再聯(lián)系倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的“where Plaster lived with his parents，Nilza and Adelson，in the town of Santa Maria de Jetiba”可知，Plaster一家住在Santa Maria de Jetiba；由此可知，Dimas Aliprandi和父母現(xiàn)在住在Santa Maria de Jetiba。故選D。 3．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“They at first refused to believe the results，but eventually decided to help him look for his biological parents.”可知，Dimas的父母最初拒絕相信這樣的結(jié)果，但是最后決定幫助他尋找親生父母。故選C。 4．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“After tests，the Plasters discovered that Elton was the biological son of the man and woman that Dimas had been calling Mom and Dad for 24 years.”可知，Elton Plaster的親生父母是Dimas的養(yǎng)父母，即Aliprandi夫婦。故選A。 二、單句語法填空 1．It is time that we ________ (adopt) different ways to solve the social problem. 答案：adopted/should adopt　It is time that sb. did/should do sth. “到某人該做某事的時(shí)候了”。 2．In the past 5 years a great deal of money ________ (spend) improving the environment of the school. 答案：has been spent　a great deal of修飾不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，由時(shí)間狀語“in the past 5 years”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且spend和money存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填has been spent。 3．Many people lost their homes and all their ________ (possess) during the war. 答案：possessions　possession “所有物；財(cái)產(chǎn)”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 4．We aim ________ finish the task by Friday. 答案：to　aim to do sth. 為固定短語，意為“力求做某事”。 5．Youd better take account of your ability before ________ (attempt) to do such a business. 答案：attempting　該句中before為介詞，故應(yīng)填attempt的動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語。 6．Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring ________ (figure) in the world. 答案：figures　“one of＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“……其中之一”。 7．They appealed ________ the graduates in the whole department to go to work in the places where conditions are hardest. 答案：to　appeal to sb. to do sth. “呼吁某人做某事”。 8．My job was to take care of these children until they could ________ (adopt) into a good home. 答案：be adopted　在本句中，adopt意為“收養(yǎng)”，且和they存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 9．The thief tried to break away ________ the policeman, but he failed. 答案：from　break away from “脫離；擺脫；掙脫”。 10．________ your ticket, I wouldnt be able to go to the concert tomorrow. 答案：Without　設(shè)空處所在句為without引導(dǎo)的含蓄虛擬條件句。 三、完形填空。 Make Good Memories My husband Bills Grandma was in a nursing home when we moved back to Michigan.Grandma had been unable to walk for quite some time；now her eyesight was almost gone. Over the years Grandma and I had __1__ many cards and letters.I knew how she enjoyed __2__ in touch with people.Grandma would have me write letters to go in the cards she would send.And she would always have me __3__ what I had written back to her.Grandma didnt have a problem with hearing then __4__ she was always telling me，“That is not __5__ how I said that！” I would then rewrite whatever I wrote in her exact words. Since I had some __6__ time before Christmas，I asked Grandma if she would like to send __7__ some Christmas cards.Grandma readily __8__.I rounded up several different kinds of cards.I knew she had friends and family who all had different __9__.I would take each card and __10__ in detail the front of the card，then I would read the words inside.After __11__ it over Grandma would tell me who she thought would like __12__ card. After a while I __13__ and I noticed that we had several nursing home __14__ standing in the doorway.I started to notice as I read each card，the __15__ on their faces and Grandmas face，too.Each one had a __16__ smile and a faraway look in their eyes，as they were seeing the scenes in their minds eye. I thought when I went over to do the Christmas __17__ I would be doing Grandma a favor，but it __18__ that she did me a big favor.Ill always __19__ this special memory of bringing some Christmas joy and pleasant __20__ to Grandma and her fellow residents. 1．A.exchanged B．changed C．traded D．switched 2．A.settling B．losing C．staying D．getting 3．A.write B．discover C．translate D．read 4．A.when B．because C．while D．though 5．A.carefully B．truthfully C．specially D．exactly 6．A.extra B．flying C．essential D．valuable 7．A.for B．up C．out D．a(chǎn)way 8．A.acknowledged B．a(chǎn)greed C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．rejected 9．A.addresses B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．occupations D．interests 10．A.describe B．municate C．distinguish D．ignore 11．A.talking B．turning C．taking D．thinking 12．A.another B．each C．one D．other 13．A.looked down B．looked over C．looked up D．looked through 14．A.immigrants B．visitors C．patients D．residents 15．A.attention B．look C．glance D．sight 16．A.gentle B．rough C．forced D．whispered 17．A.trees B．jobs C．decorations D．cards 18．A.turned over B．turned out C．came over D．left out 19．A.treasure B．a(chǎn)dmire C．encourage D．recognize 20．A.stories B．faces C．memories D．letters 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。有一年，在圣誕節(jié)前夕，作者去幫助丈夫的奶奶做圣誕賀卡，但是在這一過程中作者卻得到了莫大的幫助。 1．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“交換”；B項(xiàng)意為“改變”；C項(xiàng)意為“交易”；D項(xiàng)意為“轉(zhuǎn)換”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可判斷出，這些年來，作者和丈夫的奶奶兩人之間互相贈(zèng)送卡片和信件，即交換了很多卡片和信件。故選A。 2．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“解決”；B項(xiàng)意為“失去”；C項(xiàng)意為“保持”；D項(xiàng)意為“得到”。根據(jù)下文中丈夫的奶奶常給一些人贈(zèng)送卡片可判斷出，她喜歡和人們保持聯(lián)系。故選C。 3．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“寫”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“翻譯”； D項(xiàng)意為“讀”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“now her eyesight was almost gone”以及此空格后下一句的描述可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶讓作者讀一下她讓作者所寫的那些話。故選D。 4．B　考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Thats not...how I said that！”可知，丈夫的奶奶的聽力是沒有問題的。此處應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)這個(gè)原因狀語從句。故選B。 5．D　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“細(xì)心地”；B項(xiàng)意為“誠實(shí)地”；C項(xiàng)意為“專門地”；D項(xiàng)意為“精確地，準(zhǔn)確地”。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指丈夫的奶奶常說作者所寫的跟她所說的并不完全一樣。故選D。 6．A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“額外的”；B項(xiàng)意為“飛行的”；C項(xiàng)意為“必要的”；D項(xiàng)意為“值錢的，寶貴的”。由下文中的“I asked Grandma if she would like to send”可知，此處指在圣誕節(jié)前夕作者有些空閑時(shí)間。故選A。 7．C　考查介詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆可與空格前的“send”構(gòu)成短語：send for意為“派人去叫”；send up意為“發(fā)射，使上升”；send out意為“分發(fā)，發(fā)送”； send away意為“解雇”。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指是否需要幫助丈夫的奶奶分發(fā)賀卡。故選C。 8．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“承認(rèn)”；B項(xiàng)意為“同意”；C項(xiàng)意為“承認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“拒絕”。根據(jù)下文“I rounded up several different kinds of cards.”可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶同意了作者的提議。故選B。 9．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“地址”；B項(xiàng)意為“優(yōu)勢”；C項(xiàng)意為“職業(yè)”；D項(xiàng)意為“興趣”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶的那些朋友和親人有不同的興趣，所以給他們送賀卡時(shí)要根據(jù)他們的興趣來送。故選D。 10．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“描述”；B項(xiàng)意為“交流”；C項(xiàng)意為“區(qū)分”；D項(xiàng)意為“忽視”。語境表示，每拿起一張賀卡，作者就會(huì)向丈夫的奶奶詳細(xì)描述賀卡封面上的內(nèi)容。故選A。 11．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆可與后面的“over”構(gòu)成短語：talk over意為“詳細(xì)地商議”；turn over意為“使翻轉(zhuǎn)”；take over意為“接管”；think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮”。根據(jù)常識(shí)可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶應(yīng)該是經(jīng)過仔細(xì)考慮后告訴作者哪個(gè)人會(huì)喜歡哪一張賀卡。故選D。 12．B　考查限定詞辨析。根據(jù)本段第五句中的“each card”可判斷出，此處指哪個(gè)人會(huì)喜歡哪一張賀卡，此處應(yīng)用each。故選B。 13．C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“向下看”；B項(xiàng)意為“檢查”；C項(xiàng)意為“抬頭看”；D項(xiàng)意為“瀏覽”。根據(jù)下文中的“I noticed that”可判斷出，作者應(yīng)該是抬頭看到了門口的幾個(gè)人。故選C。 14．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“移民”；B項(xiàng)意為“參觀者”；C項(xiàng)意為“病人”；D項(xiàng)意為“居民”。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指作者看到了幾位住在養(yǎng)老院的人站在門口。故選D。 15．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“注意力”；B項(xiàng)意為“表情，神情”；C項(xiàng)意為“一瞥”；D項(xiàng)意為“視力”。根據(jù)下一句中的“smile”和“a faraway look”可判斷出，作者應(yīng)該是看了看那些人臉上的神情。故選B。 16．A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“溫和的”；B項(xiàng)意為“粗糙的”；C項(xiàng)意為“被迫的”；D項(xiàng)意為“低語的”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可判斷出，每個(gè)人臉上都有很溫和的笑容。故選A。 17．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“樹”；B項(xiàng)意為“工作”；C項(xiàng)意為“裝飾”；D項(xiàng)意為“卡片”。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“some Christmas cards”可判斷出，作者本想去幫助丈夫的奶奶做圣誕賀卡。故選D。 18．B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“使翻轉(zhuǎn)”；B項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)果是”；C項(xiàng)意為“突然感到”；D項(xiàng)意為“不包括”。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指結(jié)果卻是丈夫的奶奶幫助了作者。故選B。 19．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“珍視”；B項(xiàng)意為“欽佩”；C項(xiàng)意為“鼓勵(lì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)出”。語境表示，作者會(huì)一直珍視這種能給圣誕節(jié)帶來快樂的特別回憶。故選A。 20．C　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“故事”；B項(xiàng)意為“臉”；C項(xiàng)意為“記憶”，D項(xiàng)意為“信”。根據(jù)上文中的“this special memory”及文章標(biāo)題可知，此處指對(duì)丈夫的奶奶以及她那些朋友的美好回憶。故選C。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．Many worldfamous paintings are in possession of the wealthy old man. ______________________________________________________ 答案：in后加the　in possession of “擁有/占有……”；in the possession of “被……占有/擁有”，一般物作主語。 2．Sport has bee an important form of entertainment, appealed to both men and women. ______________________________________________________ 答案：appealed→appealing　現(xiàn)在分詞短語在本句中作狀語。 3．He is always very rude and that is because people tend to avoid him. ______________________________________________________ 答案：because→why　That is why ... “那就是……的原因”，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，故用why。 4．We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter. ______________________________________________________ 答案：figure后加out　figure out在本句中意為“想出”。 5．Distance learning is being adopted as in several countries to help children in remote rural schools. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉as　adopt在本句中意為“采納”，為及物動(dòng)詞，故去掉as。 五、七選五 (2017～2018第一學(xué)期福州市聯(lián)考) Having a learning disability doesnt mean you cant learn.Learning disabilities happen because of the way a persons brain takes in and processes information.__1__ The trick will be figuring out how you learn best. Learning disabilities arent contagious(接觸傳染的)，but they can be genetic.That means they can be passed down in families through the genes，like many other traits we get from our parents and grandparents.Someone with a learning disability probably has other family members who have some learning troubles，too.Kids with learning problems are sometimes surprised to find out that one of their parents had similar troubles when he or she was in school.__2__ Learning experts now know a lot more about the brain and how learning works. Its very hard for a kid to know if he has a learning disability.But kids dont have to figure all this out on their own.__3__ Start with his teacher and his mom or dad. Finding out you have a learning disability can be upsetting.__4__ But the truth is that learning disabilities are pretty mon.And if your learning specialist or psychologist has figured out which one youre facing，youre on the right track.Now，you can start getting the help you need to do better in school. To make this special help really work，youll need to practise the new skills youre learning.It may take a lot of efforts every day.__5__ Soon，youll enjoy the results of all your hard work：More fun and success at school! A．But youll need some help and youll need to work extra hard. B．What a kid needs to do is to tell someone. C．There are people who know how to do just that. D．You might feel different from everyone else. E．But kids today have an advantage over their parents. F．As a result，some people learn differently. G．That can be a challenge，but you can do it. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了學(xué)習(xí)障礙的形成原因、會(huì)被遺傳的性質(zhì)以及如何克服學(xué)習(xí)障礙。 1．F　根據(jù)空前一句“Learning disabilities happen because of the way a persons brain takes in and processes information”可知，大腦領(lǐng)會(huì)和加工信息的方式不同導(dǎo)致了學(xué)習(xí)障礙的形成；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處介紹學(xué)習(xí)障礙形成后的結(jié)果：一些人使用不同的方式學(xué)習(xí)。 2．E　根據(jù)空前一句“Kids with learning problems are sometimes surprised to find out that one of their parents had similar troubles when he or she was in school”可知，有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的孩子會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的父母中會(huì)有一位在上學(xué)時(shí)有學(xué)習(xí)障礙；結(jié)合下文中的“Learning experts now know a lot more about the brain and how learning works”可知，現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)專家已經(jīng)對(duì)大腦和學(xué)習(xí)的工作原理知道得更多；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明現(xiàn)在的孩子會(huì)比他們的父母更有優(yōu)勢，故E項(xiàng)符合語境。 3．B　根據(jù)空后一句“Start with his teacher and his mom or dad”可知，孩子可以從老師和父母那里得知自己是否有學(xué)習(xí)障礙，據(jù)此可知，孩子不需要自己去弄明白自己是否有學(xué)習(xí)障礙，但他所需要做的是問一下老師和父母，故B項(xiàng)符合語境。 4．D　根據(jù)空前一句“Finding out you have a learning disability can be upsetting”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有學(xué)習(xí)障礙是很難受的；據(jù)此可以推斷，空處應(yīng)該介紹發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有學(xué)習(xí)障礙后，你會(huì)感到自己和他人不一樣，故D項(xiàng)符合語境。 5．G　根據(jù)空前一句“It may take a lot of efforts every day”可知，這種訓(xùn)練每天需要付出很多努力；據(jù)此可以判斷，那可能是一種挑戰(zhàn)，但是你能做到；故G項(xiàng)符合語境。