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2019-2020年高一英語(yǔ)提高班 句子成分 學(xué)案 一、整體呈現(xiàn) 1. 句子成分 成分 用法 例句 主語(yǔ) 名詞、代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 The visitors took lots of pictures. 謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞：相當(dāng)于“做什么”中的“做”。 I like English grammar. 賓語(yǔ) 名詞、代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者，相當(dāng)于“做什么”中的“什么”。 We often play basketball. 表語(yǔ) 名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句等，放在系動(dòng)詞后，表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征。 The future is bright and the road is tortuous. 定語(yǔ) 數(shù)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、短語(yǔ)、從句等，通常單個(gè)的詞放在被修飾詞之前，短語(yǔ)和從句作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞或代詞。 The boy sitting under the tree wants to climb the tall tree. 狀語(yǔ) 副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞、形容詞、形容詞詞組以及名詞詞組、從句等修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式、伴隨等。 The thief ran so fast that I didn’t catch him. 補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。 Mary’s ing late made her teacher very angry。 同位語(yǔ) 名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞和從句等，對(duì)句子的某一成分作進(jìn)一步解釋，常置于被說明的詞之后。 John, my son’s teacher, works very hard. 二、 分析劃線部分的句子成分 1. We often speak English in class. 2. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 3. Smoking does harm to the health. 4. Our teacher of English is an American. 5. The weather has turned cold. 6. They went to see an exhibition yesterday. 7. They ask me a question. 8. They painted their boat white. 9. We found everything in the lab in good order. 10. We saw her entering the room. 11. Guilin is a beautiful city. 12. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. 13. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. 14. Light travels most quickly. 15. How about meeting again at six? 16.Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. 17.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 18. Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. 19. She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 20. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 21. He usually goes to school by bike. 22. This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster. 23. Where is your classmate Tom ? 三、 簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型 句型 例句 S+V He works hard. S+V+P The fish tastes delicious. S+V+O He does morning exercise every day. S+V+O1+O2 Could you pass me the book?=could you pass the book to me. S+V+O+OP(賓補(bǔ)) I heard her singing a song in the next room. 四、 鞏固補(bǔ)遺中譯英 ①S+V 例：星星在閃光。 The star is shining. 1．蜜蜂能飛。_________________________________________________________________ 2．太陽(yáng)升起。_________________________________________________________________ ②S+V+P 例: 我的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。My wish came true. 1. 這首歌很好聽。_________________________________________________________ 2. Paul是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。______________________________________________________ 3. 他最終成了一名教師。________________________________________________________ 4. 她看起來很漂亮。___________________________________________________________ ③S+V+O_____________________________________________________________________ 例：我們吃過飯了。We have already had dinner. 1.這個(gè)病人不能自己穿衣服。____________________________________________________ 3.我喜歡讀書。________________________________________________________________ 4.他作了一個(gè)演講。____________________________________________________________ ④S+V+O1+O2 例：借給我兩塊錢好嗎？Will you lend me two yuan? 1. 他們希望你成功。__________________________________________________________ 2. 我問了John一個(gè)問題。______________________________________________________ 3. 你能幫我選一本有趣的故事書嗎？_____________________________________________ ⑤S+V+O+OP(賓補(bǔ)) 例：我相信這個(gè)孩子是無(wú)辜的。I believe the boy to be innocent. 1. 你認(rèn)為他獨(dú)立嗎？__________________________________________________________ 2. 我看見她進(jìn)來了。__________________________________________________________ 3. 不要把手弄臟了。__________________________________________________________ 4. 人民選他當(dāng)總統(tǒng)。__________________________________________________________ 五、自我學(xué)習(xí) A、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the crowded bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. His job is to train swimmers. 4. I shall answer your question after class. 5. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 6. They went hunting together early in the morning. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. His wish is to bee a scientist. 9. Tom lent me some money. 10.Mr. Black, our English teacher, is a good tennis player. B、 中譯英 1．我感到很幸運(yùn)。_____________________________________________________________ 2. 很快我們就成了好朋友。_____________________________________________________ 3. 我們來了。_________________________________________________________________ 4. 我明天做這事。_____________________________________________________________ 5. 它花了我6塊錢。___________________________________________________________ 6.老師經(jīng)常讓學(xué)生上課大聲朗讀。______________________________________________ 7.他常常幫助盲人過街。______________________________________________________ 8.他要我別為他的健康擔(dān)心。__________________________________________________ 9. 魏華做的蛋糕嘗起來很好。__________________________________________________ 10. 飯后散步是很好的習(xí)慣。____________________________________________________ C、閱讀理解 Our school library offers learning services, books and other things that help all members of the school to bee good thinkers and clever users of information. It is linked (連接) to the larger library in the city and the World Wide Web. All these services are given according to the requirements of the Public Library Manifesto (聲明). School library services must be given to all members of the school. Students of any age, class and grade can enjoy them. Different services must be given to those who are unable to use the main library services. Users of the library must follow the rules made by the library workers to keep it clean and tidy. The main rules are as follows: 1. Opening and closing times: Monday —Friday: 9 a.m. —9 p.m. during term time. Saturday: 9 a.m. —1p.m. throughout the year. 2. Admission (允許進(jìn)入) and borrowing: Only people holding a library card shall be allowed in. Members can borrow 5 books at a time. 3. Behavior in the library: Silence shall be kept as much as possible in the library. No other books can be taken into the library. Library workers can help members use the books and other things in the library. When the library workers and teachers work together, students will get better reading, writing, and problem-solving skills. 1. What can students do in the school library? A. Get information from the Internet. B. Read the Public Library Manifesto. C. Clean the library with workers. D. Work together with the teachers. 2. When can students read in the library? A. 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Monday. B. 10 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. on Saturday. C. 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on Sunday. D. 9 a. m. to 10 p.m. on Tuesday. 3. What is the main aim of the school library services? A. To help readers municate with each other. B. To help teachers work with the library workers. C. To help students develop good behaviors in the library. D. To help the users get more knowledge and skills.