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Unit 21 Human Biology 課時(shí)練1　閱讀理解提速練 閱讀理解 A (2018南昌十校模擬)Tour operators have seasonal deals on holidays to Canada，Australia and other countries in a new year. Austravel Holidaymakers can save up to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale，which runs for about a month.It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth and a west coast selfdrive trip from 795pp including flights in May or July. austravel. Canadian Affair The leading U．K. tour operator to Canada will be offering savings of up to 140pp during its winter sale.This includes a threenight city break to Toronto，including return flights，for just 399，if you book before 24 December.Other deals continue until 31 December. canadian affair. Thomson and First Choice Some deals are being launched this week by Thomson and First Choice，with early booking offers including free places for kids，lower deposits and up to 300 off per couple on a lot of destinations. thomson.co.uk，first choice.co.uk Eurocamp The camping pany is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays for under 350，such as an Easter break at La Baume on the French Riviera for just 25 a night，based on a stay in a twobedroom holiday home.Early bookers can save up to 25% and secure a holiday with a deposit of just 99. eurocamp.co.uk Kuoni Running from Christmas Eve，the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers.These offers include ten nights full board in the Maldives from 1，599 and seven nights in Phuket，Thailand from 999 per person—both including flights and transfers(換乘)． kuoni.co.uk 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了幾個(gè)旅游公司提供的優(yōu)惠活動。 1．How long may you stay in Perth with Austravel? A．One month.　　　　　　 B．Two weeks. C．One week. D．Four nights. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Austravel部分中的“It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth”可知，Austravel提供給游客為期14天的Perth之游。fortnight意為“兩周，十四天”。 2．What does the author say about Thomson and First Choice? A．It requires no deposit. B．It offers cheap return flights. C．It is suitable for family travel. D．It can save up to ￡300 per person. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Thomson and First Choice部分中的“including free places for kids，lower deposits and up to ￡300 off per couple”可知，Thomson and First Choice提供對孩子免費(fèi)的地方，以及針對夫婦的折扣。所以它對家庭出游來說很合適。 3．What do Eurocamp and Kuoni have in mon? A．Both have various offers. B．Both include flights. C．Both offer a discount for early booking. D．Both need a deposit to secure a holiday. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Eurocamp部分中的“The camping pany is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays”可知，Eurocamp提供數(shù)千種假日出游選擇；根據(jù)Kuoni部分中的“the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers”可知，Kuoni也為游客提供各種各樣的出游選擇。所以選A。 B (2018淄博高三階段診斷)Courtney was just 15 years old when she joined a team of space researchers.Those scientists landed NaSa’s robot, Spirit, on the planet Mars.But this was neither Courtney’s first nor her last adventure in space research.When she was in fifth grade, Courtney had already decided to spend her life “exploring the mysteries of the universe”．She checked out space books from her library, studied hard in math and science classes, and later, attended United States Space Camp in Alabama. Then Courtney entered a contest to bee part of the Student Astronaut program run by a group called the Planetary Society.After a lot of hard work, interviews, and months of waiting, Courtney found out that she was one of 16 students who made it—out of 500 entered. Courtney and fellow student astronaut Rafael Morozowski, a 16yearold from Brazil, were at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California with NASA scientists when Spirit reached Mars. “The most exciting part of the thing occurred late at night on January 3, when we received signals indicating that Spirit had landed successfully，” Courtney says.“I joined the rest of the scientists in jumping up and cheering.” Courtney and Rafael spent seven nights working with and learning from the NASA scientists.(They worked at night because that was daying on Mars.) They studied the photographs that Spirit was sending to Earth of Gusev Crater on Mars.They spoke to television reporters at NASA press conferences and attended meetings in which the NASA team named the rocks and hills that Spirit was finding. When Courtney was 17 years old, she went to work for NASA as a student intern at the Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.With two NASA scientists, Courtney plans to study astrophysics or planetary science at Princeton University, then return to work at NASA.She encourages other kids and teens to follow their dreams of getting involved with space research. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了Courtney從小立志要探索宇宙奧秘，到現(xiàn)在為止，她在太空研究方面做出了許多努力和貢獻(xiàn)，同時(shí)鼓勵其他孩子要追逐參與探索太空的夢想。 4．What can we learn about Courtney from Paragraphs 1 and 2? A．She was one of the 16 students to be interviewed. B．She landed on the planet Mars at the age of 15. C．She entered the Student Astronaut program easily. D．She desired to study the universe at her early age. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句排除B項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第二段可知，Courtney經(jīng)過努力工作、面試以及數(shù)月的等待，才成為成功過關(guān)的十六位學(xué)生之一，由此排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第一段第四句可知，Courtney在很小的時(shí)候就渴望研究宇宙。故D項(xiàng)正確。 5．Which of the following best describes Courtney? A．Enthusiastic and serious. B．Optimistic and productive. C．Determined and hardworking. D．Creative and ambitious. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“After a lot of hard work”和第五段第一句中的“Courtney and Rafael spent seven nights working”可知，Courtney工作努力；根據(jù)第一段第四句“...Courtney had already decided to spend her life ‘exploring the mysteries of the universe’．”和最后一段第二句中的“Courtney plans to study astrophysics or planetary science”可知，Courtney意志堅(jiān)定。故C項(xiàng)正確。 6．What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A．The time on the earth is in line with Mars. B．The scientists worked day and night on end. C．Spirit found rich minerals in rocks on Mars. D．The hills on Mars were unknown to the public. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知，他們研究了Spirit發(fā)往地面的來自火星的照片。結(jié)合第五段最后一句可知，火星上的這些巖石和山脈對公眾而言還是未知的。故D項(xiàng)正確。 7．What does Courtney inspire the youth to do? A．To work for NASA. B．To stick to their dreams. C．To attend United States Space Camp. D．To study science at Princeton University. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，Courtney鼓勵年輕人要堅(jiān)持夢想。故B項(xiàng)正確。 C (2018湖北七市高三聯(lián)考)Books are typically written first, and then narrated(解說) for audio(聲音的) books.Until now, Audible, the largest pany of audio books, has begun asking wellknown writers to create works specifically for audio, instead of inviting people to narrate already existing print books.It’s a new__chapter for the book industry. Audible now has about 30 totally new audio works in production.And it turns out that audio books, which have long been regarded as less important than ebooks, have actually been doing quite well.They are a$1，000，000，000 industry, with more than 35，000 titles published in 2013 alone. What promotes that progress is not only an evolution of technology, but more importantly, the rise of the celebrity(名人) narrator.Narrators are key to the success of an audio book and these days, producers are signing on more and more celebrities.Celebrities’ narration is like a private performance to customers, who get a feeling of closeness in listening to their voices.Many of the customers buy audio books based on the narrator.They will listen to anything a specific actor or actress reads. That is why Audible is taking the risk of not producing print books at all but starting totally new audio works.There’s another reason why the pany is expecting its risktaking action to pay off: humans have been telling stories since the beginning of time.We are taking part in a little habit that goes back thousands and thousands of years—before the first mark was ever made on a stone.Long before writing, people were telling each other stories and the audio book goes all the way back to that tradition.As Peter Allen sang softly in the 1970s, everything old is new again. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　科技進(jìn)步、大公司的推動以及人們觀念的更新使得有聲讀物從以前的不受重視到如今深受青睞。 8．The “new chapter” in Para.1 refers to a time of ________． A．producing totally new audio works B．starting audio panies C．narrating print books for audio D．creating electronic books A　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“Audible, the largest pany of audio books, has begun asking wellknown writers to create works specifically for audio, instead of inviting people to narrate already existing print books”可知，畫線詞“new chapter”指代最大的有聲讀物公司Audible讓知名的作家創(chuàng)作有聲讀物的時(shí)期，故A項(xiàng)正確。 9．What does Paragraph 2 tell about audio books? A．Their difference from ebooks. B．Their previous production. C．Their great importance. D．Their bright future. D　解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“And it turns out that audio books, which have long been regarded as less important than ebooks, have actually been doing quite well.”可知，曾被認(rèn)為沒有電子書重要的有聲讀物結(jié)果發(fā)展良好；據(jù)此可以判斷，該段主要闡述了有聲讀物光明的發(fā)展前途，故D項(xiàng)正確。 10．Customers like celebrities’ narration because ________． A．celebrities help them understand the stories B．celebrities have more attractive voices C．celebrities have better narrating skills D．celebrities seem to be within their reach D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第三句“Celebrities’ narration is like a private performance to customers, who get a feeling of closeness in listening to their voices.”可知，讀者喜歡聽名人解說是因?yàn)檫@樣似乎能與名人有近距離接觸，故D項(xiàng)正確。 11．Audible believes its risktaking action will be rewarding because ________． A．the action agrees with the storytelling tradition B．customers play an active role in the action C．the pany has spent a lot on the action D．the action has lasted for a long time A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句“There’s another reason why the pany is expecting its risktaking action to pay off: humans have been telling stories since the beginning of time.”可知，Audible公司預(yù)計(jì)這種冒險(xiǎn)行動會獲得成功是因?yàn)槿藗冇兄v故事的傳統(tǒng)，故A項(xiàng)正確。 D (2018重慶調(diào)研抽測)As the world bees more connected, the number of people living outside their home country is on the rise. To find out what makes expats(移民) happy in their new hometown, the global munity network InterNations recently conducted their annual Expat Insider survey. In Malta, warm weather and nearness to Europe are the big draws for this Mediterranean nation. The climate leads to a slower pace of life. “Some shops have a ‘siesta’ early in the afternoon, and many people notice slow service at the restaurants，” said an InterNations Consul from Rome. “I remember sitting at a table around 8 p．m. once and leaving at midnight! We only had a starter and one main.” In Ecuador, friendly people, affordable healthcare and tasty, cheap food are just a few reasons as to why expats love living in Ecuador. Plus, the country’s diverse cities give expats a lot of choices. “The beauty of Ecuador is the variety，” said an InterNations ambassador. “The people who e to retire in Ecuador often look for a lower cost of living, so the coastline, the southern part of Ecuador and Ambato will fit this type of expat. In the case of business－minded or outgoing expats, Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities to live in.” The bigger cities do e at a cost, he warned, with higher prices for rent and eating out. In New Zealand, the country’s natural beauty draws people from across the world, and with easy access to both cities and beaches, expats usually adopt the local relaxed lifestyle. An InterNations Ambassador from Hong Kong notes that a typical Kiwi works 8：30 a．m. to 5 p．m., never overtime, and enjoys meals and weekend activities, like house parties, road trips or hiking, with their family. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了是什么使移民人士在新家鄉(xiāng)感到快樂的調(diào)查研究。 12．What is InterNations’ survey for? A．To study why the number of expats is on the rise. B．To make clear what the exact number of expats is. C．To look into how expats adopted their new hometown. D．To discover what pleases expats in their adopted countries. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的第二句可知，InterNations的調(diào)查是為了弄清楚是什么令移民人士對他們移民的國家感到滿意。故選D。 13．What does the underlined word “siesta” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Sale.　　　　　　　　　 B．Break. C．Promotion. D．Exhibition. B　解析：詞義猜測題。由上文中的“slower pace of life”可知，這些地方的生活節(jié)奏很慢，飯店的服務(wù)也很慢，由此可推知，商店在下午早早就打烊了?！皊iesta”應(yīng)意為“休息”，與B項(xiàng)意思最為接近。故選B。 14．What do we know about the expats to Ecuador? A．Rich expats would like to live in Ambato. B．All the expats love the lower cost of living. C．Outgoing expats are likely to choose Cuenca. D．The bigger cities are the best choices for poor expats. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的第三句可知，性格外向的移民可能會選擇昆卡作為定居的城市。故選C。 15．Expats choose New Zealand because of its________． A．special climate B．typical animals C．natural beauty D．fast pace of life C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第六段可知，移民選擇新西蘭主要是因?yàn)樗淖匀幻谰啊９蔬xC。 七選五 (2018云南高中畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測)Courage is a personality quality that everyone possesses, but it sometimes fades because of bad experiences or memories. 1.________．By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage. Determine your specific fears. People are often reluctant to admit that they are afraid of something and this may be weakening their confidence and courage. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears.2.________ . This may help you to develop a plan to overe them and build your courage. Recognize your courage. Just as it’s important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also possess courage in many situations. 3.________. It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations in your life that cause timidity(膽怯). It can also help you to develop your behavior and begin building courage in every aspect of your life. Develop a concrete plan to build your courage. Once you’ve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, write out your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. 4.________， for it helps you stay on track if you have setbacks and see your progress over time. Avoid paring yourself to others. Every person is different and paring yourself to other people can minimize your selfconfidence. Focusing on yourself and not paring yourself to others is essential to build your confidence and courage. 5．________．Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also believe in their ability to succeed and overe fears. By cultivating and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to build and maintain courage. A．Part of building your courage is taking risks B．Embrace the positive and avoid the negative C．Write a list of your fears as you figure them out D．Having a clear strategy you can follow is important E．Take the time to acknowledge that you are courageous F．Have confidence and believe in your ability to be courageous G．Having courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是說明文。告訴我們?nèi)绾螕碛杏職狻? 1．G　解析：上文提到由于不好的經(jīng)歷或記憶，一個(gè)人的勇氣有時(shí)會消減，但勇氣是每個(gè)人都擁有的性格特點(diǎn)，故此處應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)講述勇氣對每個(gè)人的重要性，故選G項(xiàng)。 2．C　解析：本段主題是確定你害怕的東西(fears)，且根據(jù)空前的“determine your specific fears”可知，C選項(xiàng)最合適。 3．E　解析：本段主題是要承認(rèn)自己的勇氣，E選項(xiàng)中的“acknowledge that you are courageous”意為“承認(rèn)你有勇氣”，故選E項(xiàng)。 4．D　解析：本段主題為制訂計(jì)劃，D項(xiàng)中的strategy意為“策略”，與下文的“it helps you stay on track”中的it相呼應(yīng)。 5．F　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“they not only have confidence，but also believe in their ability to succeed and overe fears”可知，本段討論信心，故選F項(xiàng)。