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Unit 23 Conflict 課時練1　閱讀理解提速練 閱讀理解 A (2018福建高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)The World Health Organization (WHO) said that processed meat may be carcinogenic(致癌的)．Do you still dare eat cancerlinked processed meat? Here are some ments on the website. Bill (Australia) I’d rather live a short, pleasant life than a long，unhappy one, denying(拒絕給予) myself tasty food just because some experts say it’s not healthy.We should all enjoy the one life we have—if I had listened to every piece of health advice I would never go anywhere, eat anything or enjoy life in any way.So, I won’t change my habit.I am going to have a bacon sandwich, glass of wine, burger, can of coke whenever I feel like it. Tim (America) Is meat really as bad as smoking？I don’t think so.According to the WHO 34，000 people die worldwide per year because they eat processed meat.In 2012, 8.2 million people died of cancer worldwide.That means if you eat a lot of processed meat you have a chance of being among the 0.41 percent of people dying of cancer because of processed meat.I’ll take the chance. Helen (Switzerland) The WHO doesn’t say that just one bite of meat causes cancer, it is rather saying that people should vary their diet.People who eat more meat often have other unhealthy habits.They usually eat fewer fruits and vegetables and they also often exercise less. Van(China) Perhaps this report will make people consider being vegetarians(素食者)．So for your health, the environment and future generations, it is not difficult; it just needs a change of attitude.There is a vast variety of other delicious food available to enjoy. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了一些網(wǎng)民對于世界衛(wèi)生組織公布的食用加工肉制品可能致癌的這一信息的個人看法。 1．What if Bill has to change his habit? A．He’ll feel unhappy. B．He’ll live a pleasant life. C．He’ll go on a diet. D．He’ll bee a vegetarian. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“I’d rather live a short, pleasant life than a long, unhappy one, denying(拒絕給予) myself tasty food just because some experts say it’s not healthy.”可推知，Bill如果改變目前的飲食習(xí)慣，他會不開心的。 2．What does Tim think about eating processed meat? A．Too risky.　　　　　　　　 B．Fairly safe. C．Popular worldwide. D．Very unhealthy. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Is meat really as bad as smoking？I don’t think so.”和“That means if you eat a lot of processed meat you have a chance of being among the 0.41 percent of people dying of cancer because of processed meat.I’ll take the chance.”可知，Tim認(rèn)為吃加工肉制品并不是什么要命的事兒，還是比較安全的。 3．What may be Helen’s response to WHO’s warning? A．Caring little about it. B．Eating whatever she likes. C．Varying the diet and doing exercise. D．Taking a diet without meat. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“it is rather saying that people should vary their diet.People who eat more meat often have other unhealthy habits.They usually eat fewer fruits and vegetables and they also often exercise less.”可知，Helen對WHO的警告的回應(yīng)是應(yīng)該飲食多樣化并多鍛煉身體。 B (2018安徽百所重點(diǎn)高中模擬)I had the honour of being elected chief of my tribe(部落)．With the title came great responsibility. It was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe, whose village we visited. Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground and, as head, I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking it up, then touching noses with their chief. “Kia ora，” he said, weling us into the woodland home of his people. My “tribe” was my New Zealand coach tour group, who had forced me into being their leader. We had been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile would be considered rude to the Tamaki. After that it was nonstop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka, the war dance immortalized(使不朽) by the All Blacks rugby team. Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the ground. It had been slowcooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal(地?zé)岬? area of North Island, a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time. Obviously, this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable. The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort, our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show. “The wheels on the bus go round and round，” he got us singing, while he circuited a round about three times. A couple of days from the end of our trip, there was still something missing, a New Zealand icon I wanted to see to make my grand tour plete. Riding over a ridge, there it was—Aotearoa. The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud”. Can I say “Kia ora, Aotearoa？” You bet I can. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了他去新西蘭旅游時接觸到的毛利文化。 4．How were the visitors greeted in the tribe? A．The soldiers made a palm leaf road. B．The soldiers touched their noses. C．The soldiers shook sticks fiercely. D．The soldiers made noise with shut eyes. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Their soldiers...much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground”可知，毛利部落的勇士們從獨(dú)木舟上跳下來，用狂熱的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃動聲將作者一行人鎮(zhèn)住了，他們還在地面上放置一片棕櫚葉。這些都是毛利人對游客表示歡迎的方式。故選C。 5．Which refers to the Maori cooking custom? A．Kia ora.　　　　　　 B．Haka. C．Hangi. D．Tamaki. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，在地下土爐中烹制食物是毛利飲食傳統(tǒng)，這被稱為hangi。 6．What does the author think of the driver? A．He was good at singing. B．He made the journey memorable. C．He was not familiar with the road. D．He performed well on a TV show. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，作者一行人的回賓館之旅讓他們難忘：有表演天賦的毛利老司機(jī)讓作者他們一路歡歌，故選B。 7．What is the best title for the text? A．A Taste of Maori Culture B．Hello, New Zealand C．The Honour of Being a Tribe Chief D．The Best of New Zealand A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。作者作為赴新西蘭的旅游團(tuán)的隊(duì)長，在旅游中有幸接觸毛利文化，這給作者留下了深刻的印象，故A項(xiàng)“體驗(yàn)毛利文化”作標(biāo)題最佳。 C (2018遼寧大連雙基測試)Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the “close” button on a lift. Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait.But lifts’ “close” buttons are a plete trick, at least in the U．S.—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press. It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the U．S., making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the door closing process if they have special keys. But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren’t pletely useless.According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control. “A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，” said Ellen J．Langer, a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don’t live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before putercontrolled traffic signals were introduced. But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了我們平時生活中所見到的按鈕可能是不起作用的。 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To describe different fake buttons. B．To explore the functions of fake buttons. C．To analyze various habits of pushing buttons. D．To explain the disadvantages of fake buttons. B　解析：寫作意圖題。通讀整篇文章可知，作者通過舉例子介紹了不同地點(diǎn)的虛假按鈕，其目的是探求這些虛假按鈕的功能。故選B。 9．What can we learn about the “close” buttons on a lift in America? A．They work when people press them hard. B．They were designed for a sense of control. C．They never speed up the doorclosing process. D．They take the safety of the disabled into account. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的第一句可知， 美國電梯里的“關(guān)閉”按鈕是為了確保殘疾人能安全地通過。故選D。 10．What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons? A．They can make people feel better. B．They help puters work faster. C．They can control the traffic signals. D．They help pedestrians cross safely. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don’t live up to their names either.”可知， 人行橫道按鈕也沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)其功能，但可以讓人們感覺好一點(diǎn)，故選A。 11．Which may be the best title for the passage? A．Buttons in the U．S.A. B．Buttons Always Lie C．Buttons May Not Work D．“Close” Buttons on Lifts C　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了有些按鈕只是形式上的，而不具備真正的實(shí)際功能。故C項(xiàng)“按鈕可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故選C。 D (2018合肥高三第一次質(zhì)檢)When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America，they brought along with them aspects of their own culture—religion，dance，language，music，and cuisine.A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston，and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns(圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships. These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”，which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War.This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry. The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa，but they worked together until they gradually formed a mon culture.This strengthened the identity of their music that，in the 1950s，eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll.The Beatles，the most influential band of the 1960s，is often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology(意識形態(tài)) surrounding music that is still around today.The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music.It was not just music any more，but a lifestyle. Over the decades，music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture.Musicians are glorified，with tons of adoring and screaming fans.The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans，as well as the widespread mercialization of music. However，criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production，and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　當(dāng)奴隸開始被從西非帶到美國南部時，他們也帶來了自己的文化——宗教、舞蹈、語言、音樂和烹飪。本文主要講的是音樂在文化融合中的發(fā)展。 12．What contributed to the birth of the Charleston? A．Various African religions. B．People’s love of tribal dances. C．A mix of two different cultures. D．The popularity of sorrowful hymns. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston”可知，兩種文化的混合促進(jìn)了Charleston的出現(xiàn)。故選C。 13．According to the passage，what can we learn about the blues? A．It became popular in the late 20th century. B．It may include the description of slaves’ sad lives. C．It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War. D．It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called ‘the blues’”可知，對在苛刻的氣候和環(huán)境下工作的奴隸的那些深情凄婉的描述被稱作“the blues”。故選B。 14．What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to? A．Slaves’ collective work. B．One region of West Africa. C．The new mon culture. D．The music by the Beatles. C　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...they worked together until they gradually formed a mon culture.This strengthened...”可知，他們一起工作直到他們逐漸形成一種共同的文化。故選C。 15．It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century ________． A．possessed soul and sincerity B．became more mercialized C．was blamed for its mass production D．widened the gap between musicians and fans A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century”可知，選A。 七選五 (2018鄭州一中高三入學(xué)測試)In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. Steve Graham，a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years. 1.________He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.” Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting. 2.________ Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. 3.________Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day. Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again. 4.________Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. 5.________ Teachers monly report that about onefourth of their students has poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of puters and voice recognition(識別) programs. A．After all，that is why we write. B．Nowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students’ writing. C．So is it still being taught? D．But who cares if people know how to write well? E．But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. F．Today’s thinking is that short periods of practices are better. G．He says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了在電腦時代，學(xué)校教授書法的現(xiàn)狀研究。 1．C　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”可知，空處應(yīng)表示對是否要教學(xué)生書法的疑問，故C項(xiàng)符合語境。 2．E　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.”及空前一句可知，此處表示對研究結(jié)果的進(jìn)一步分析，故E項(xiàng)符合語境。 3．G　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.”可知，此處表示一些老師教授書法的時間，所以G項(xiàng)符合語境。 4．F　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，空處與上文的“Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again.”形成對比，并與下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.”呼應(yīng)，此處講述的是學(xué)書法的方法的今昔差異，故F項(xiàng)符合語境。 5．A　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，空處承接上文中的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.”，此處表示表達(dá)想法正是我們練習(xí)書法的原因，所以A項(xiàng)符合語境。