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Unit 1 Living well [基礎(chǔ)回顧] Ⅰ.單句語法填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516307) 1．My father did all the cooking in my mothers 　absence　 (absent)． 2．I get 　annoyed　 (annoy) when someone talks to me while Im reading. 3．Id like to congratulate you 　on　 your wonderful performance. 4．With 　graduation　 (graduate) around the corner, I am writing to express my gratitude. 5．All the rooms in this building are so well designed that they are 　accessible　 (access) to the disabled. 6．The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if 　adapted　 (adapt) for television, would be a hit. 7．My grandfather often goes to the countryside, because he thinks a stay there will be 　beneficial　 (benefit) to his health. 8．　Ambition　 (ambitious) plays an important role in our daily life, because it is a guide for us to make decisions and choices. 9．John applied to several panies after he 　resigned　 (resign) his position as vice president, but he was rejected over and over again. 10．The survey 　conducted　 (conduct) by the pany shows there is a large increase in customer satisfaction this year. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每句一錯(cuò))(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516308) 1．From the flats we have an easy access to shops and schools.　去掉an　 2．It was his absent of mind during driving that resulted in the terrible accident.　absent→absence　 3．We offer our congratulation to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.　congratulation→congratulations　 4．Having settled in that remote area, the young man quickly adapted the weather.　adapted后加to　 5．As we all know, the disabled is also important members of our society.　is→are　 Ⅲ.佳句寫作(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516309) 1．史密斯先生離開房間，關(guān)上了身后的門。(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) 答案：Mr.Smith left the room，closing the door behind him. 2．有時(shí)我太疲勞以至于起不了床。(too...to...) 答案：Sometimes，Im too tired to get out of bed. 3．年輕時(shí)，我常常到湖里捕魚。(used to) 答案：I used to go fishing in the lake when I was young. 4．Jack 能和其他人一樣過著正常的生活。(live a ...life) 答案：Jack can live as normal a life as everybody else. 5．我認(rèn)為這個(gè)活動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)我和學(xué)生有益。(as well as) 答案：I think this activity will be beneficial to me as well as the students. [技能提升] Ⅰ.閱讀理解(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516310) When Taking an Uber，Should You Tip or Not? Taking an Uber car may no longer be a direct driverpassenger and guiltfree experience. The ridesharing experience is about to get awkward. With the wide application of the Internet, Uber, a new approach to your destination instead of taking an ordinary taxi, has bee more popular recently. However，benefits wont e without its fair share of drawbacks. Uber drivers are a part of the socalled sharing economy: They use their own vehicles, receive customers reviews via the apps fivestar rating system and make their own hours. Unlike other services, Uber claimed that drivers all over the country could clearly alert customers that tipping is not included. Those drivers that expect to be tipped can make their wishes known. But the pany is holding to its official notiprequired line, according to its website. “Once you arrive at your destination, your fare is automatically charged to your credit card on file－Theres no need to tip.” Although drivers value their independence－the freedom to push a button rather than punch a clock, lack of a clear policy, however, leaves Uber drivers in a vulnerable(脆弱的) position: If they ask a customer for a tip or put up a sign, that customer could give the driver a low starrating, and the driver could finally be 　deactivated　 from the app. But has the pany done a good job working with customers? Some observers say that this new grey area for tipping will create awkwardness about whether they should tip or not－something most Uber customers have not had to deal with until now. Uber did not respond to customers ment, just leaving their rating in the air (ignoring it)． Providing an option to tip on an app sends a clear message to customers to reach into their pockets. Nearly 30% people would be more likely to leave a tip if they were presented with a “no tip” button，according to Guinns 2015 survey of roughly 500 people. When people are presented with three tip choices－20%, 25% or 30%－theyre more likely to choose the middle option even if its more than the traditional 20%, according to a separate 2014 analysis of 13 million New York City taxi rides. If the service is twice as expensive during a rain storm or public transport delay, the customer has the right not to tip. However, if the driver is extra helpful or avoids traffic to reach your destination in a more timely manner, you could give an extra tip, says Uber，who will leave tipping options in the hands of the consumer rather than the app. [語篇解讀]　文章介紹乘坐優(yōu)步汽車，需不需要給小費(fèi)。 1．pared with taxi drivers，Uber drivers 　__________　. A．enjoy more freedom and choices B．support the panys practice C．clock up the miles while driving D．receive customers reviews directly 解析：A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子“They use their own vehicles，receive customers reviews via the apps fivestar rating system and make their own hours.”可知，和普通的司機(jī)相比，優(yōu)步的司機(jī)有更多自由和選擇。故選A。] 2．The underlined word “deactivated” in Paragraph 3 probably means 　________　. A．removed　　　　　 B．degraded C．tracked D．charged 解析：A　[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子“If they ask a customer for a tip or put up a sign，that customer could give the driver a low starrating，and the driver could finally be 　deactivated　 from the app.”如果他們要顧客付小費(fèi)或張貼一個(gè)標(biāo)志，這個(gè)顧客可以給司機(jī)低等級(jí)的評(píng)價(jià)，這個(gè)司機(jī)最終會(huì)從app上消除?？芍猟eactivated意為“除掉”。故選A。] 3．From the survey we can conclude most customers 　________　. A．would probably tip if there is an option B．usually do as the “no tip” sign suggests C．tip because of Uber drivers good service D．a(chǎn)re disappointed to reach into their pockets 解析：B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段的句子“Nearly 30% people would be more likely to leave a tip if they were presented with a ‘no tip’button，”可知，大部分顧客會(huì)按照“沒有小費(fèi)”的標(biāo)志去做。故選B。] 4．What causes the awkwardness between Uber drivers and their customers? A．Customers take advantage of the new grey area for tipping. B．There is no specific policy from the Uber to follow. C．Its up to customers to decide the drivers earnings. D．Customers tend to pay least among the 3 choices. 解析：B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的句子“this new grey area for tipping will create awkwardness about whether they should tip or not－something most Uber customers have not had to deal with until now.”可知，導(dǎo)致優(yōu)步司機(jī)和乘客尷尬的是優(yōu)步?jīng)]有明確的政策可以遵循。故選B。] Ⅱ.閱讀填句(七選五)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516311) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2018河北衡水中學(xué)一模) Get a Thorough Understanding of Oneself In all ones life time, it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with.　__1__　 When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate (高估) yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your reach. 　__2__　 Its likely that you think it wise for yourself to stay away from the outer world. Actually, to get a thorough understanding of oneself, you may as well keep the following tips in mind. Gain a correct view of oneself. You may look forward hopefully to the future but be sure not to expect too much, for dreams can never be fully realized. You may be courageous to meet challenges but it should be clear to you where to direct your efforts.　__3__　 Selfappreciate. Whether you pare yourself to a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature.　__4__　 If you earnestly (誠摯地) admire yourself youll have a real sense of selfappreciation. 5__　 In time of anger, do yourself a favor by releasing(釋放) it in a quiet place so that you wont be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by sharing it with your friends so as to change a bad mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep. Get a full control of ones life. Then one will find ones life full of color and flavor. A．It has its own value. B．Do oneself a favor when its needed. C．Do yourself a favor when you resist the attack of illness. D．But it is precisely oneself that one has the least understanding of. E．Especially if it is well within your reach, you are just too blind to see it. F．When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself. G．So long as you have a perfect knowledge of yourself, there wont be difficulties you cant overe. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇議論文。作者向我們提出了徹底了解自己的幾點(diǎn)建議：正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己、欣賞自己、善待自己以及充分把握自己的生命。 1．解析：D　[本文的標(biāo)題是“全面了解自己”。上文提到人生在世，和我們相處最久、打交道最多的是我們自己；故D項(xiàng)“但是一個(gè)人往往最不了解的恰恰也是自己”與上文話題銜接緊密，也為本文的主旨埋下伏筆。故選D。] 2．解析：F　[上文提到“When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate(高估)yourself.”；故F項(xiàng)“When you are going downhill...”在此處與上文構(gòu)成對(duì)比，符合語境。故選F。] 3．解析：G　[上文提到你可能會(huì)勇敢地迎接挑戰(zhàn)，但是你必須清楚自己努力的方向；故G項(xiàng)“只要你對(duì)自己非常了解，你就沒有克服不了的困難”與上文話題銜接緊密，且與本段主旨“正確了解自己”相吻合。故選G。] 4．解析：A　[上文提到無論你把自己比作一座高山還是一塊石頭，你都代表著自己的一種狀態(tài)；而A項(xiàng)意為“它都有它自己存在的價(jià)值”，放在此處符合語境，與上文話題銜接緊密，且與該段小標(biāo)題“自我欣賞”相照應(yīng)。故選A。] 5．解析：B　[分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處為該段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文三個(gè)排比句“In time of anger，do yourself a favor by...in time of tiredness，do yourself a favor...”并通讀該段內(nèi)容可知，B項(xiàng)“必要時(shí)請(qǐng)善待自己”概括了該段大意，適合做該段標(biāo)題。故選B。] Ⅲ.語法填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516312) (2018河北石家莊一模)Dogs are 1.　________　 very popular pet. Most of them just live with their families. But some dogs have very special jobs 2.　________　 (do). A group of dogs 3.　________　 (know) as “Therapy Dogs”. These dogs are family pets with special training, 4.　________　 allows them to go into public buildings and fort people. The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet. Loud noises and 5.　________　 (familiar) places dont frighten them. They enjoy spending time with people. Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes. When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered up. They have fun 6.　________　(pet) the dogs and look forward to their visits. The dogs help to brighten their day. Therapy dogs can improve peoples health as well. Studies show that when people pet animals，their blood 7.　________　(press)and heart rates go down. They are calmer and 8.　________　(they) mood improves. Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries. They not only serve as warm and caring 9.　________　 (friend) to children, but they also do 10.　________　 (much). In one town in California, therapy dogs have bee childrens reading buddies. The dogs make a great audience. The children look forward to reading to the dogs，and the dogs love the attention. 答案：1.a　2.to do　3.are known　4.which　5.unfamiliar　6.petting　7.pressure　8.their 9．friends　10.more