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語法填空模擬檢測(五) (共3篇，限時35分鐘) A According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __1__ (long) than nonrunners. You don’t have to run fast or for long __2__ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __3__ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it __4__ (be) more effective at lengthening life __5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __6__ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7__ (cause)． The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to __8__ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always __9__ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __10__ a try. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了跑步給我們的健康帶來的益處，號召我們嘗試一下跑步這種運(yùn)動方式。 1．longer　考查副詞的比較級。由空格后的“than”可知應(yīng)用比較級，故填long的比較級longer。 2．to see　考查非謂語動詞。此句意為“你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很長時間就見到效果”，不定式短語“to see the benefit”作目的狀語。 3．dying　考查非謂語動詞。reduce one’s risk of ... “降低某人……的風(fēng)險”，此處介詞of后接動詞時要用其動名詞形式。 4．is　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)上下文語境可知這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；又因?yàn)橹髡Zit是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故謂語動詞用is。 5．than　考查連詞。根據(jù)句中的比較級“more effective”并結(jié)合語境可知，這里是把running與walking, cycling or swimming進(jìn)行比較，故填than。 6．that/which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“a study”，且在從句中作主語，故填關(guān)系代詞that/which。 7．causes　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。cause表示“原因，起因”時是可數(shù)名詞，且前面有all修飾，故填cause的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 8．strengthen　考查動詞。此處to為不定式符號，在句中作目的狀語，故填strength的動詞形式strengthen。 9．energetic　考查形容詞。連系動詞is后應(yīng)接形容詞作表語，故填energy的形容詞形式energetic。 10．running/it　考查名詞或代詞。此處號召我們嘗試一下跑步這種運(yùn)動，因此可以填名詞running，也可以用it指代。give sth. a try“嘗試某事”。 B Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country __1__ (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __2__ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is __3__ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice __4__ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water __5__ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased __6__ (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total __7__ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government __8__ (start) a soiltesting program __9__ gives specific fertilizer remendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while __10__ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。中國近年來根據(jù)人們的膳食變化調(diào)整農(nóng)作物種植結(jié)構(gòu)，為全球生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。 1．has grown　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。由時間狀語“since 2011”可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時；主語“the country”是第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動詞用has grown。 2．the　考查冠詞。over the past 25 years“在過去的25年里”。 3．a(chǎn)ctually　考查副詞。此處表示“對肉的需求實(shí)際上是這種變化的背后原因”。修飾謂語動詞is應(yīng)用副詞形式actually。 4．to improve　考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“政府鼓勵農(nóng)民種植玉米而不是水稻來改善水質(zhì)”，故用不定式作目的狀語。 5．than　考查連詞。由句中的比較級less可知，此處將玉米和水稻的用水量進(jìn)行比較，故填than。 6．pollution　考查名詞。decrease“降低，減少”，后接名詞作賓語，故填pollution。 7．global　考查形容詞。修飾名詞短語“fertilizer consumption”應(yīng)用形容詞，故填global。 8．started　考查動詞的時態(tài)。由時間狀語“between 2005”可知事情發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填started。 9．that/which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“a soiltesting program”，且在從句中作主語，故填that/which。 10．feeding　考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“中國在養(yǎng)活中國人民的同時又保護(hù)了環(huán)境……”。主語China與feed之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用“連詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”形式作狀語。 C I’m not sure __1__ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at __2__ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400pound male appears. He screams the __3__ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid __4__ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __5__ (challenge)． My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a __6__(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching __7__ these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find __8__ (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal __9__ (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder！” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me __10__ (stay) and watch. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己在中非共和國森林里偶遇一個大猩猩家庭以及由此引發(fā)的彼此的反應(yīng)和交流。 1．who　考查賓語從句。句意：我不確定誰更害怕，是我還是那只不知從何處突然蹦出來的雌性大猩猩。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作主語，表示“誰”，故填who。 2．the　考查冠詞。固定短語at the top of“在……的頂部”，此處表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。 3．loudest　考查副詞最高級。由空前的the以及空后的“of all”可知要用副詞的最高級。 4．looking　考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“我迅速低下頭避免和它直視，以便它不會感到受到挑戰(zhàn)”。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。avoid后面常接動名詞作賓語。 5．challenged　考查形容詞。連系動詞feel后要接形容詞作表語。challenged “受到挑戰(zhàn)的”；challenging “困難的，富有挑戰(zhàn)性的”。由語境可知，應(yīng)填challenged。 6．scientist　考查名詞。由空后的who可知，定語從句的先行詞是表示人的名詞，且空前由a修飾，故填scientist“科學(xué)家”。 7．for　考查介詞。search for“尋找，搜尋”，為固定搭配。 8．them　考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處作find的賓語，故要用人稱代詞的賓格。故填them。 9．meant　考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語境可知，此處事情發(fā)生在過去，要用一般過去時態(tài)。 10．to stay　考查非謂語動詞。allow sb. to do sth.“允許某人做某事”，為固定搭配。