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選修七 Unit 3 單元話題語篇訓(xùn)練—閱讀理解組塊專練（練速度） Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019陜西質(zhì)檢)The electricity workers strike has been going on for three days. Below are some statements about the strike. Mr. Mike Smith： It wasnt an easy decision, but we have been asking for a reasonable wage for years. Now at last people are beginning to listen to us. Were only asking for a 25 percent increase in our wages. Its a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike, but please dont blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim. Mr. Tom Brown： Its totally unreasonable to demand so much money when we are trying desperately to stop the prices going up. If wages go up, so do prices. If we give in to them, all the other unions would want more, with the inevitable result that the crisis (危機(jī)) would bee uncontrollable. We offer them a 10 percent increase. And thats already too much. My stand on the strike is to persuade the Union to see the reason. Mr. Bob Davis： Everybody will be hurt by this strike, including the electricity workers themselves. The economy will be destroyed and many people will lose their jobs. Already people are saying that the big unions have too much power and shouldnt be allowed to strike. Of course the electricity workers want to get more money. Dont we all? Miss Stater： Lets face it. Its neither here nor there. The electricity workers are in a strong position. Perhaps we cant do anything about it. What I say is: let them have their 250 dollars so they can return to work. I mean, the government wastes the taxpayers money all the time on unimportant things. How can anyone say 250 dollars is “too much”？Pop singers get more. Nurses get less. Its just one of those things. 語篇解讀：本文介紹了四個人針對電力工人罷工陳述了不同的觀點。 1．Who is most likely to be an employee in electricity industry? A．Mr. Mike Smith.　　　 B．Mr. Tom Brown. C．Mr. Bob Davis. D．Miss Stater. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Its a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike, but please dont blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim”可知，Mike Smith先生認(rèn)為，他們的罷工是因為政府拒絕他們的要求。據(jù)此可知，Mike Smith 先生很可能是電力工人，故A項正確。 2．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”． A．a(chǎn)voidable B．inspiring C．a(chǎn)utomatic D．sensitive 解析：選C　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該句中的“If we give in to them, all the other unions would want more”可知， Tom Brown 先生認(rèn)為，如果他們對工人讓步，則其他的工會將會提出更多的要求；結(jié)合該句中的“with the inevitable result that the crisis (危機(jī)) would bee uncontrollable”可知，這必然會導(dǎo)致危機(jī)變得不可控制。據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“必然發(fā)生的”與C項含義相近，故C項正確。 3．We can learn from the text that ________. A．the electricity workers wont achieve their goal B．the government wont meet the workers demand C．the strike caused little trouble for the society D．the workers got little support from the society 解析：選D　推理判斷題。通讀第三至四段可知， Tom Brown先生認(rèn)為工資上漲勢必導(dǎo)致物價上漲，故他們的工資上漲10%就已經(jīng)很多了；Bob Davis先生認(rèn)為，所有人在此次罷工中都會受到傷害，包括電力工人自己，而且工會權(quán)力太大，不應(yīng)當(dāng)批準(zhǔn)罷工。據(jù)此可以判斷，電力工人的要求幾乎沒有得到社會的支持，故D項正確。 B (2019武漢市武昌區(qū)調(diào)研)When he looked at me, it was clear my father wasnt sure who I was. And as I looked back at him, I wasnt sure who he was, either. My father had just gone through heart surgery and 6 days in intensive care. Hed returned to the hospital where hed worked for 40 years. It was the hospital where all his children had been born. The doctors said that he may have a long period of confusion after the surgery. And because hes eightysix, it may be many months before he returns to normal. Its also possible he may never be “normal” again. I sat there in this hospital room, spoonfeeding the man Ive seen as powerful and capable all my life. It felt like the full circle of life had e around us. It felt good to support him, yet part of me wanted to tell him to be “normal” again. I wasnt sure if I was ready to accept the full meaning of it: that my father may never be that powerful and capable person again. Pain and suffering have visited my family, as they will visit all families. And while we hesitate to face pain and suffering, they have great lessons to teach us. Pain and suffering are well outside of the boundaries of our everyday life. When they e, they break these boundaries and turn our world upside down. We bee a family with all of the others who have known the pain and suffering. And we have another chance to consider whats truly important in our lives. This crisis will pass, and well all be changed by it. The healing hands of time will do their work. Im thankful that Ive told my father everything Ive wanted to say to him. And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time. Well all be challenged by this to show more support, care, and love. This is as it should be. Sometimes, it takes a crisis to remind us of why were all here. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇家庭生活類記敘文。在作者眼里，父親一向都是強(qiáng)壯能干的，但是現(xiàn)在父親年事已高，住院動了心臟手術(shù)后已經(jīng)不認(rèn)識作者了。作者感慨痛苦與苦難會讓人變得更堅強(qiáng)，痛苦終將過去，家人是我們的依靠。 4．What do we know about the writers father from the passage? A．He will recover from his illness soon. B．He has been lying in bed for 40 years. C．He used to be a powerful and capable man. D．He didnt know the author after head surgery. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“I sat there in this hospital room, spoonfeeding the man Ive seen as powerful and capable all my life”中的 powerful and capable可知，在作者眼里，父親以前是強(qiáng)壯能干的，所以選C。 5．How did the author feel when thinking of the pain and suffering his family had? A．Grateful. B．Inspired. C．Exhausted. D．Sorrowful. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句“And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time”及文章最后一段可知，作者感恩困難時期家人的支持，從另外一方面講，是痛苦和苦難讓作者知道了生活的意義，所以選A。 6．What does the author probably agree with? A．Life is more fragile than expected. B．Something nice weights light. C．Pain and suffering often go hand in hand. D．We should treat the old in an abnormal way. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。文章講述的是在作者眼里一直強(qiáng)壯能干的父親，在做了心臟手術(shù)之后，認(rèn)不出作者了。所以，作者可能認(rèn)同這種觀點：生活比預(yù)想的更脆弱。所以選A。 7．What does the author aim to express in this passage? A．Pain and suffering are bound to pass. B．Pain and suffering bring us beneficial experiences. C．We cannot always avoid facing pain and suffering. D．We will not eventually be defeated by pain and suffering. 解析：選B　主旨大意題。文章是記敘文，作者首先講述了父親手術(shù)之后的情況，在最后兩段里，作者感慨痛苦與苦難會讓我們汲取教訓(xùn)，會給我們機(jī)會去思考生命中真正重要的是什么，并讓我們認(rèn)識到生活的意義。也就是說，痛苦與苦難會給我們一些有益的東西，所以選B。 C (2019石家莊模擬)Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies. Most time the task is easily acplished with parents reading or talking to their babies. However, in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf. Now, an adorable blueeyed robot, a human avatar, and some hightech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task. The Robot AVatar thermalEnhanced system, or RAVE, is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by LauraAnn Petitto, an educational neuroscientist, at Washington, D. C．s Gallaudet University. The learning process begins when the robots camera, which is focused on the babys face, detects tiny changes in his/her body temperature. This, bined with the babys facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the babys attention to a puter screen, on which a human avatar starts to municate with the baby, much like a parent would. For example, if the baby points towards the screen, the avatar might respond, “Are you pointing to me？” and follow that up with a nursery rhyme, fairy tale, or some essential social munication, all in American Sign Language (ASL). The “conversation” continues until the kid loses interest. The researchers, who have been testing the system for three years, found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes. Petitto says natural language, whether municated through speech or sign, activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motions prove the babies are learning the essential elements of munication. What sets this technique apart from other methods, such as showing educational videos or television shows, is its interactive nature and realtime response to the babys actions. The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the systems longterm influence on baby munication, the initial response has been very encouraging. Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇科普說明文，主要介紹了一種可以幫助父母教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的系統(tǒng)，以及該系統(tǒng)的工作原理、效果評價和研究人員對這種技術(shù)的展望。 8．What can the RAVE system help parents do? A．Improve babies health condition. B．Take good care of babies. C．Develop babies language skills. D．Keep babies pany. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，專家認(rèn)為教孩子語言技能的最佳時間是孩子的嬰兒時期；結(jié)合第一段尾句以及第二段中的“The Robot ... a team of researchers”可知，RAVE系統(tǒng)可以幫助父母完成教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的任務(wù)，故C項正確。 9．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．How babies learn ASL effectively. B．How parents educate their babies. C．How robots talk and read to babies. D．How the RAVE system works. 解析：選D　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句“The learning process begins ... on which a human avatar starts to municate with the baby, much like a parent would”并結(jié)合全段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了RAVE系統(tǒng)的工作原理，故D項正確。 10．What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system? A．Interest in videos and TV shows. B．Changes in their body temperature. C．Improvement in their natural language. D．Hand movements in a rhythm like ASL. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“babies as young ... a few minutes”可知，在和這種系統(tǒng)交流互動之后，嬰兒就會開始以類似于ASL的節(jié)奏晃動他們的手，故D項正確。 11．What do the researchers think of the RAVE system? A．Promising. B．Impractical. C．Satisfactory. D．Disappointing. 解析：選A　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三句“The researchers say ... the initial response has been very encouraging. Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies”可知，研究人員對這種系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展是充滿著希望的，A項意為“很有前途的，大有希望的”，符合語境，故A項正確。 D (2019福州質(zhì)檢)If you thought pilots dimmed (使變昏暗) the lights before takeoff to give you some shuteye, think again. Believe it or not, the dim lighting could actually help save your life in case of a plane emergency. The dimmed lights before taking off from the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers eyes adjust quicker during an emergency escape. “Going from a brightly lit environment to one thats pletely dark would require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide，” Alice Theriault, service director for Air Canada wrote in a press statement. “Since we need to have all the seconds on our side in the event of an emergency, dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of our customers.” The phenomenon that your eyes see those strange speckles (小斑點) as your sight adjusts to a dark place after being in a light place is called dark adaptation. It normally takes our eyes about 20 to 30 minutes to see best in a dark room. The brighter the lights, the longer it takes for our eyes to adjust, which is why dimming the plane lights could shorten your “dark adaptation” time since you havent been sitting under fluorescent bulbs (熒光燈) all flight. Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process, it also reduces the tension on your eyes if you need to look outside, or see the emergency lighting along the passage. “It helps keep you in the right direction，” Patrick Smith, an airline pilot and author of Cockpit Confidential told The Telegraph. “It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, which might affect an escape.” So next time a pilot dims the lights, just know its for your safety, even though it creates a gentle atmosphere for your takeoff into the sky. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了飛行員在飛機(jī)起飛和降落之前把機(jī)艙內(nèi)的燈光調(diào)暗的原因。 12．The lights are turned down before takeoff to help passengers ________. A．take a short break B．escape in time from an emergency C．create a warm atmosphere D．a(chǎn)dapt their eyes to the bright environment 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The dimmed lights before taking off from the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers eyes adjust quicker during an emergency escape”可知，在飛機(jī)起飛和降落前把(機(jī)艙內(nèi)的)燈光調(diào)暗是一種飛行預(yù)防措施，用于幫助乘客在緊急逃生時使眼睛更快速地適應(yīng)周圍的環(huán)境。故本題選B。 13．What is one of the roles of shortening “dark adaptation” time? A．Slowing down the landing. B．Adjusting the plane lights. C．Keeping passengers calm. D．Helping the crew judge outside risks. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, which might affect an escape”可知，它也使乘務(wù)員更容易評估任何外部風(fēng)險，如火災(zāi)或碎片，這些可能會影響逃生。故選D項。 14．What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Dimming lights. B．The escape process. C．Reducing tension. D．The passage. 解析：選A　代詞指代題。在最后一段第一句“Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process, it also reduces the tension ... passage”中，dimming lights為句子的主語；又因it用于指代上文出現(xiàn)過的同一個事物，故此處“It”指代前一句中的“dimming lights”，故選A。 15．What is the text mainly about? A．A tip of air travel. B．An emergency event on a plane. C．A warning message on a plane. D．An explanation of an airline safety measure. 解析：選D　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了飛行員在飛機(jī)起飛和降落前會把機(jī)艙內(nèi)的燈光調(diào)暗的原因；再根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句中的“dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of our customers”可知，文章主要介紹了一項航空安全措施，并非“一條航空旅行的建議”“飛機(jī)上的一個緊急事件”或“飛機(jī)上的一則警告信息”。故本題選D。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019東北三省四市模擬) Does your mood change with the seasons? Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. __16__ They eat more and gain weight. They have trouble sleeping. They cant think clearly. Here are some ways you can beat the winter blues. Get out in the sun. Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad. __17__ Get some exercise. A walk or other exercise will make chemicals called endorphins (內(nèi)啡肽) in your body. Endorphins are natural “feel good” chemicals. __18__ Avoid having too much sugar. If you crave sugary foods (like cookies or candy), it may be a sign that you need more protein (蛋白質(zhì)), like meat, eggs, or fish. Get some rest. Avoid holiday stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do. Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself. __19__ Studies show that most teens need about nine hours of sleep each night. The average teen, though, gets only about six or seven hours of sleep per night. Get help. Be cautious if you feel sad all the time and the feeling wont go away. __20__ Talk to an adult who you trust or get help from a doctor. A．Eat more healthful foods. B．Choose different foods in season. C．Dont be so busy that you get rundown. D．Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason. E．You may have a bigger problem than the winter blues. F．Getting extra sunlight each day can help brighten your mood. G．A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain. 語篇解讀：有些人的情緒會隨著季節(jié)的變化而變化。本文介紹了五種克服冬季抑郁的方法。 16．解析：選D　根據(jù)空前一句可知，有的人當(dāng)溫度下降時，情緒也會低落，本段主要說明了這種現(xiàn)象，空后敘述了具體的表現(xiàn)。所以D項符合語境。 17．解析：選F　根據(jù)上文的“Get out in the sun”和“Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad”可知，F(xiàn)項與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。 18．解析：選A　根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可知，本段說的是健康飲食。所以選A項。 19．解析：選C　根據(jù)段首的“Get some rest”可知，本段說的是要注意休息。故C項符合語境。 20．解析：選E　根據(jù)上下文可知，空處前后在含義上存在輕微的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，結(jié)合選項可知，E項“你可能有比冬季抑郁更嚴(yán)重的問題”能很好地起到過渡作用。故選E項。