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1、淮 陰 工 學(xué) 院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文資料翻譯 學(xué) 院： 江淮學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 電氣工程及其自動化 姓 名： 丁 凱 學(xué) 號： 3082110103 外文出處： http://ieeexplore.ieee.org (用外文寫) 附 件： 1.外文資料翻譯譯文 2.外文原文 指導(dǎo)教師評語： 年 月 日 簽名： 注：請將該封面與附件裝訂成冊。 附件1：外文資料翻譯譯

2、文 汽車防盜報(bào)警器 目前汽車是人類最為主要的交通工具，也是現(xiàn)代文明的標(biāo)志。世界上每年汽車銷售量超過6000萬輛，保有量超過4 億。使用的車輛越多，隨之而來的交通事故以及被盜的汽車量也越來越多，造成了人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。人們對車輛的使用性能和防盜性能提出了更高的要求。汽車安全已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)重要的社會性問題。為了減少汽車事故的發(fā)生，讓擁有汽車的用戶保有安全感,研制出一種操作方便而又簡單可靠,能自動檢測汽車各部分安全狀況，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)不正常情況能給司機(jī)給予報(bào)警提醒和防盜報(bào)警的安全系統(tǒng)，具有非常實(shí)際的意義。 汽車價(jià)值很高，伴隨著汽車數(shù)量不斷增加，汽車已經(jīng)成為盜竊者的重點(diǎn)盜竊目標(biāo)，汽車被偷

3、也已成為當(dāng)今社會普遍關(guān)注和急需解決的大問題。目前，各種汽車防盜方式和產(chǎn)品不斷更新，盡管車門和車輛引擎已經(jīng)安裝了防盜機(jī)械鎖，但是盜徒用萬能鑰匙可不用吹灰之力把車門打開將車開走，所以汽車防盜問題仍然沒有完全解決。如今社會的汽車防盜有以下幾種方式： 一是機(jī)械防盜，主要原理是用鎖鎖住汽車上的某一部位，使其不能發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的作用?，F(xiàn)有如下幾種防盜方式：變速器檔把鎖、方向盤鎖、制動踏板鎖、離合踏板鎖等，相應(yīng)帶來的麻煩是機(jī)械鎖體積大，車主同時(shí)要隨身多帶一把鑰匙。而且破解的手段很多，由于核心終究是一把鎖，這就難不住溜門撬鎖之徒。更難不住如液壓剪之類的大型偷車手段；不小心再把鑰匙丟了等等也是汽車被盜的可能性之一

4、。 二是電子防盜，這是目前汽車市場上最為常用的防盜措施。啟動防盜系統(tǒng)便可將點(diǎn)火線圈和供油回路切斷，只有在解鎖鑰匙的控制下才能將防盜正常解除。這類防盜產(chǎn)品種類繁多。國內(nèi)外大部分小轎車在出廠時(shí)便已經(jīng)配置了鑰匙芯片防盜系統(tǒng)。這是利用鑰匙中的芯片發(fā)射無線電與本車的ECU接通后就能啟動汽車發(fā)動機(jī)。除此之外還有聲光報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，汽車儀表盤上裝有一種發(fā)光二極管，既可以讓車主知道系統(tǒng)工作狀態(tài)，同時(shí)也可以對窺探車內(nèi)的偷車賊起到精神上的壓力作用。當(dāng)汽車因?yàn)橥饬Χl(fā)生震動或者車門、后蓋、前蓋被強(qiáng)行打開時(shí)，系統(tǒng)會發(fā)出報(bào)警聲，以阻嚇盜車者。更有一種雙向報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，這比一般的發(fā)光和聲音報(bào)警系統(tǒng)多一個(gè)能夠通知車主的功能，當(dāng)汽

5、車遭到外界影響時(shí)，人在附近的車主就能通過隨身攜帶的一種液晶顯示鑰匙知道汽車現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。 三是網(wǎng)絡(luò)式防盜系統(tǒng)，這種系統(tǒng)主要依靠社會公共網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控車輛的行駛。有兩種。1種是GPS 衛(wèi)星定位防盜系，這種系統(tǒng)通過GPS 衛(wèi)星定位，確定車輛位置，然后通過GSM 網(wǎng)將位置和報(bào)警的信息傳送至報(bào)警中心。報(bào)警中心通過GSM 網(wǎng)控制汽車的斷電和斷油。這種系統(tǒng)的缺點(diǎn)是價(jià)格比較高；而且需要經(jīng)常支付服務(wù)費(fèi)用；系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的功率也比較大；隱私性會受到影響；車輛如長期放置不使用會損耗電平電量。而且車停在地下、大樹下、大廈傍和室內(nèi)系統(tǒng)都不能起作用。2是GSM、GPRS 移動防盜器，GSM 移動防盜器依托GSM 通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，進(jìn)行手

6、機(jī)和汽車的智能化聯(lián)動防盜，它具有防盜、監(jiān)控、遠(yuǎn)程控制、遠(yuǎn)程報(bào)警、定位和反劫等多種功能，是維護(hù)社會的治安、保護(hù)車主利益的非常有效的手段。它與同類產(chǎn)品相比，該系統(tǒng)還具有安裝隱蔽、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、性能可靠等多重特性。它具有不須建基站、報(bào)警不受距離限制的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。而缺點(diǎn)是需要支出 GSM 號碼的月租費(fèi)因?yàn)樗蕾?GSN 網(wǎng)的覆蓋。盜賊的手段也是使用手機(jī)信號的干擾器，切斷車輛同報(bào)警中心的聯(lián)系，使得防盜系統(tǒng)失效。 四是生物識別防盜系統(tǒng)，它利用人體特征作為唯一的解鎖鑰匙，以鎖死汽車發(fā)動機(jī)為防盜方式。具體產(chǎn)品有車主指紋啟動控制器以及靜脈掃描控制器。它利用人體指紋所攜帶的足夠信息以及每個(gè)人的指紋重合率幾乎為零的特征，

7、在該系統(tǒng)內(nèi)存中事先存放車主的指紋信息，在通過指紋比對核實(shí)身份后方能啟動汽車，即便盜車賊將汽車鑰匙全部偷走盜賊也會束手無策的。不過它的缺點(diǎn)是啟動汽車之前需要多一個(gè)比對指紋的動作，會多花 2 秒鐘時(shí)間。如果盜賊沒有辦法獲得您的指紋，他便沒有辦法偷走您的愛車。但其實(shí)盜賊偷走車主的鑰匙也不一定能破解所有防盜辦法，當(dāng)生物識別防盜時(shí)，只有指紋汽車防盜器才能真正意義上的守護(hù)您的愛車。 目前市場上的GPS 衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)是國內(nèi)外最先進(jìn)的防盜裝置，GPS 系統(tǒng)具有車輛的定位、反劫報(bào)警、網(wǎng)絡(luò)防盜、遙控使之熄火、車內(nèi)監(jiān)控、拋錨后救援、路況信息查詢、電子狗導(dǎo)航已經(jīng)車輛信息查詢等非常多的功能。GPS 衛(wèi)星定位汽車

8、防盜系統(tǒng)屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)方式的防盜器，它主要依靠鎖定點(diǎn)火和起動達(dá)到防盜的目的，而同時(shí)還可以通過GPS 衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)將報(bào)警信息同報(bào)警車輛所在位置傳送到報(bào)警中心。不過專家也提醒，這種防盜技術(shù)的名字聽起來貌似很響亮，雖然有一定的防盜作用，但使用起來也不是非常實(shí)用的，并且價(jià)格昂貴，實(shí)際效果不大，衛(wèi)星追蹤防盜主要是汽車裝備回報(bào)，經(jīng)由衛(wèi)星屏幕顯示本車位置，因此根據(jù)被盜車輛中有安裝追蹤系統(tǒng)的，都是發(fā)報(bào)系統(tǒng)被破壞，也就是電源被切斷，使衛(wèi)星沒有辦法追蹤到汽車位置，失去防盜作用。這樣的系統(tǒng)相當(dāng)昂貴，安裝一套無顯示屏的GPS就要6000-7000元，并且每年都要向GPS系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)公司交納近千元服務(wù)費(fèi)，昂貴的購買費(fèi)以及使用費(fèi)

9、用讓眾多車主望而卻步，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益不容樂觀。 電器報(bào)警器的應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。電子報(bào)警系統(tǒng)是在原有的中央門鎖基礎(chǔ)上加設(shè)了防盜系統(tǒng)控制電路，控制汽車移動的同時(shí)也報(bào)警，電子報(bào)警也是目前比較理想的報(bào)警裝置。假如有行竊者有盜竊意圖，防盜系統(tǒng)不僅有切斷啟動電路、點(diǎn)火電路、出油電路、供油電路以及變速電路、制動鎖死的功能，同時(shí)還會發(fā)出不一樣的聲光求救信號進(jìn)行報(bào)警，給盜車者精神上的打擊，以阻止盜車過程。 從世上第一輛T型福特轎車被偷開始，偷車行為已經(jīng)成為大城市里很常見的犯罪行為之一。汽車的量在增加，車輛被偷的數(shù)字也在逐年增大，因此社會的不安定因素越來越大，擔(dān)心自己的愛車被盜，也成為車主們的一塊心病。隨著敞篷車的流行，汽

10、車門上的鎖已經(jīng)不再是最牢固的，車門鎖的概念慢慢淡化，也因此汽車防盜系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了。現(xiàn)在市場上銷售的電子防盜系統(tǒng)類別非常之多，300-400元即可買到。如今市場上大部分新款汽車都安裝上了原廠制造的防盜器，有的車輛鑰匙上就有防盜芯片，可以隨機(jī)改變開鎖密碼，使盜賊沒有辦法通過高科技方式解鎖，而且這種鑰匙一旦丟失也只能憑借車輛用戶登記冊到原廠家再配一套車鑰匙。在最新的汽車技術(shù)資料上顯示，有些車輛已經(jīng)開始用隱形的IC卡代替鑰匙，車主只要靠近車輛3-5米范圍內(nèi)汽車防盜器將會自動解除，車主坐到車內(nèi)只要按下點(diǎn)火開關(guān)，車輛就會啟動。車主離開愛車5米之外，會自動鎖住車門。 防盜系統(tǒng)不會是萬無一失的，如今很多小轎車在

11、出場之前都安裝上了車輛使用的電腦防盜系統(tǒng)。當(dāng)鑰匙芯片的數(shù)據(jù)和車載電腦上保存好的數(shù)據(jù)相符合，電腦才開始讓相關(guān)系統(tǒng)工作，允許發(fā)動機(jī)啟動。有車載電腦系統(tǒng)的小轎車便不再需要安裝電子防盜器。假如重復(fù)安裝的話，容易和原來安裝好的電腦防盜系統(tǒng)相沖突；假如必須要再安裝電子防盜器，就要注意與點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分離，要不然會使得發(fā)動機(jī)無法啟動等一系列故障。假如出現(xiàn)故障，車主不能自己拆卸，要到專業(yè)的維修店內(nèi)使用專業(yè)器件進(jìn)行清除故障密碼和接觸故障。 附件2：外文原文 Automobile burglar alar

12、m The automobile is the present humanity's main transportation vehicle, is also the modern civilization symbol. The world the automobile sales volume reaches more than 6000 ten thousand every year, the inventory has surpassed 400,000,000. Is using the vehicles are more, but the fo

13、llowing traffic accident and the automobile which robbed are been also getting more and more, has created the personnel casualty and the economical property loss. The people set a higher request to motor vehicle's operational performance and the security performance. The auto safety

14、becomes an important social question. In order to reduce motor vehicle accident's formation rate, for has automobile's user to provide the security sense, develops one kind simply reliable, the ease of operation, can automatic detection automobile various part of conditions, discover th

15、at the normal condition can send out the warning reminder and the security warning safety system to the pilot, has the actual design significance. Automobile's value is high, increases unceasingly along with the automobile quantity, the automobile already became robs the key poi

16、nt which the person steals, the automobile is robbed has become generally pays attention now and the urgently needed solution social question.At present each automobile security method and the product emerge one after another incessantly, although the vehicle door

17、or the engine were loaded with the security mechanical lock, but robs the person to use the master keys, but does not need the small effort to open the vehicle door, drives away the vehicle, the automobile security question does not have completely the solution as befor

18、e. Now in society's automobile security way has the following several kinds: First, the mechanical type security, the main principle locks on automobile's some organization, enables it to play its proper role.Existing many kinds of ways for example: The transmission gearbox files the lock, th

19、e steering wheel lock, the brake pedal lock, the meeting and parting footboard lock and so on, brings the troubles are the volume which the machinery locks are big, the vehicle owner must along with a multi-belt key. But explains the method is numerous, because the core is a lock, when this

20、sneaks into a house picks a lock the person. When like the hydraulic pressure cuts and so on crude method; Was not careful has lost again the key …… Second, electron security, is in the present auto market the most popular security installment. Starts the burglary protection system to be poss

21、ible the ignition coil or the feed return route cut-off, only uses under releasing key's control can relieve normally guards against theft. This kind of way varied assortment; Domestic and foreign majority of automobiles when leaving the plant has disposed the key chip burglary prot

22、ection system. In use key's transmit by radio chip after this vehicle's ECU communication can start the motor car engine. Also has the acousto-optics alarm system, on the automobile gauge board is loaded with the light emitter diode, may also let the vehicle

23、owner know system's active status, may also to spy on compartment's car thief to play the warning role. When automobile, because the external force has the vibration, when before or the vehicle door, the reserve box lid, the engine room coverlet opens forcefully, the system exudes the warning soun

24、d, scares robs the vehicle thief. Has the bidirectional alarm ,system,has been able to inform vehicle owner's function compared to the pure flash and sound alarm system many, when the automobile encounters the outside invasion, can know automobile's condition in the nearby vehicle o

25、wner through the body carrying liquid crystal display key. Third, the network type burglary protection system, mainly depends upon social the public network to monitor vehicles' travel. 1st, the GPS satellite positioning security department, it through the GPS satellite

26、 positioning system, the definite vehicles' position, again transmits through the GSM net the position and the alarm message to the warning center. The warning center through the GSM net control automobile, the power failure/breaks the oil. The shortcoming is the price is high

27、; Needs to pay the service fee frequently; Systems operation's power is big; The confidentiality will receive the invasion; The vehicles long-term laying aside does not use can exhaust the level electric quantity. The vehicle stops under underground, the tree, the building

28、approaches, the indoor system not to have an effect. 2nd, GSM, GPRS move security, GSM moves security it to depend on the GSM communication network, carries on the handset and automobile's intelligent linkage security, has security, the monitoring, the remote control, the long-distance wa

29、rning, the localization, instead to plunder and so on many kinds of functions, is maintains the social order, to protect the vehicle owner benefit the effective measure. Compares with the similar products, this system also has the installment to be more covert, the technology t

30、o be more advanced, the performance to be more reliable and so on characteristics. Has cannot construct the base depot, the warning not to be away from the limit. The shortcoming is needs to pay the GSM number the month rent. Relies on the GSN net's cover. Bandits and thieves' method also uses

31、the handset signal jammer, blocks the vehicles and the warning center relation, burglary protection system expiration. Fourth, the biological recognition burglary protection system, takes the only unlocking using the human body characteristic the key, locks the motor car eng

32、ine. The concrete product has the automobile fingerprint start controller and the vein scanning controller. Massive information which carries using the human body fingerprint, as well as each person's fingerprint's superposition rate is zero characteristic nearly, depo

33、sits the vehicle owner fingerprint beforehand in this system the information, after verifying the status can start the automobile through the fingerprint ratio, even if robs Che Zei to steal away completely the automobile key is also at a loss. Before the shortcoming is starts the aut

34、omobile, many ratios to the fingerprint movement, needs to spend 2 seconds. The bandits and thieves do not have the means to obtain your fingerprint, he does not have the means to steal away your vehicle. Actually, so long as the bandits and thieves stole vehicle owner's ke

35、y to be possible to explain any security means that only then biological recognition, only then the fingerprint automobile security could protect your love vehicle truly. At present, in the market GPS satellite positioning system is the present domestic and foreign most advanced sec

36、urity installments, the GPS system has the vehicles localization, instead to plunder the warning, the network security, in the remote control flameout, the vehicle to monitor, to come to anchor the rescue, the state of roads information, the manual guidance, the vehicles,inq

37、uiry and so on many kinds of functions. The GPS satellite positioning automobile burglary protection system belongs to the network type security, it mainly serves the security purpose depending on the fixed ignition or the starting, but simultaneously may also

38、 through the GPS satellite positioning system, the alarm message and the warning vehicles silent transmits in the position to the warning center. The expert reminds, this kind of security technical name is called to be very resounding, although has the security function, but uses is

39、not very practical, moreover the price is also expensive, the actual function is not big. The satellite tracing burglary protection system, is mainly the automobile equipment repayment system, by way of the satellite screen, demonstrates the vehicles position, therefore a

40、cts according to is the victim in the vehicle to have installs the satellite tracking system, is all transmits the system to destroy, is the power source is shut off, causes the satellite to be unable to trace automobile's concrete position, namely loses the security effectiveness, moreover the p

41、rice is expensive, the light installs a set not to bring display monitor's GPS to need to spend 6000-7000 Yuan, but every year must pay the nearly thousand Yuan service fees to the GPS system Service company, the soaring purchase spends with the working cost lets many ve

42、hicle owners shrink back at the sight, the economic efficiency is bad. The electronic warning security arises at the historic moment. The automobile electron burglary protection system was Canada has supposed burglary protection system's control circuit in the original central

43、 door lock's foundation, controlled at the same time which the automobile moved and reports to the police. The electron security is at present a more ideal security installment. If has on the committing a theft burglary automobile or automobile's goods, the bu

44、rglary protection system will not only have the cut-off start-up circuit, the electric firing circuit, to blow the electric circuit, the feed electric circuit and the speed change electric circuit, will apply the brake to deadlock and so on function, simultaneously, will also send out

45、 the acousto-optic signal which different will pray for rescue to carry on the warning, for the thief in a spirit's attack, will prevent the thief to commit a theft. The film threading type, the pressed key type and the remote control type and so on belong to the electronic formula security. The re

46、mote control type automobile security characteristic is may control remotely the security complete function, reliable convenient, may have vibration functions and so on detection gating protection and microwave or infrared probe head. Along with the technical fast development, the

47、remote control type automobile security also increased many convenience practical attachment function, for example: In the remote control controls the doorlock, the remote control to deliver puts the cold warm braw, the remote control electrically operated windows an

48、d doors and to control remotely the baggage compartment and so on. Now in the market had the bidirectional function electron security, not only this kind security can control remotely the vehicles by the vehicle owner, the vehicles can also transmit own condition gives the vehicle owner, for exam

49、ple the vehicle door is opened or the glass glass is destroyed and so on. But the electronic security universal existence reports to the police by mistake the phenomenon, moreover also does not have on to solve the vehicles to lose the question radically. First T the For

50、d sign passenger vehicle is robbed from the world the start, steals the vehicle to become nowadays in the city one of most common criminalities. Automobile quantity increases, the vehicles quantity which robs year by year are also risen, this brings the enormous astatic factor to the

51、 society, worried that the vehicles are robbed, become puzzle each automobile user the difficult problem. Along with open car's unpopularity, the automobile door lock has been unable into absolutely safe hard general, causes the vehicle door to lock system's con

52、cept to further desalinate, from the automobile security also arises at the historic moment. Now in the market each kind of electron security is dazzling, the sales volume best electron security lock then buys between 300 Yuan to 400 Yuan. In the market on many new style pas

53、senger vehicles already had installed now the original factory automobile security, on some vehicles' key has the security chip, along with the adaptable unblanking password, causes to rob the vehicle thief to be unable with the technical method unlocking, but this kind of key, once l

54、oses can only depend on vehicles' user register card to match set of keys again to the original factory. In the newest technical data said that some vehicle types already started to use cryptotype IC the card to replace the vehicle key, the vehicle owner, so long as enters th

55、e vehicles 3 to 5 meters scopes, security the automatic unlocking, the vehicle owner sits in the vehicle to press down the ignition lock vehicles to start. After the vehicle owner leaves the vehicles 5 meters, the vehicle door will cage automatically. The burglary prote

56、ction system is not multi-purpose, now many passenger vehicles before leaving the plant the preassemble vehicle to use the computer burglary protection system. When the key chip data and the vehicle carry the computer to save the data match case in advance, the computer

57、 will only then inform the system-related to start to work, allows the engine to start. Brings the vehicle to carry the computer burglary protection system's passenger vehicle not to need to install the electron again security. If is redundant installs, easy

58、and the original vehicle installs the burglary protection system has the system conflict; If must certainly extra install the electron security, please note and the ignition system separates, will otherwise cause the engine to be unable to start and so on breakdowns. If presented the breakdown, do not disassemble voluntarily, welcome eliminate the breakdown code to the specialized service shop use specialized decoder and relieves the breakdown..