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選修八 Unit 4 單元話題語(yǔ)篇訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019青島質(zhì)檢)Once a businessman got so deep in a debt crisis that he was at the end of his rope. He sat on the park bench, __1__ if anything could save his pany. __2__ an old man appeared before him. __3__ listening to the problem, he wrote out a check and said，“Take this __4__. Meet me here exactly one year from today, and you can __5__ me back at that time.” Then he turned and disappeared as quickly as he had __6__. The businessman saw in his __7__ a check for D|S500,000, signed by John D．Rockefeller, then one of the __8__ men in the world! The money was more than __9__ to save his business. __10__， he decided to put the check in his safe. Just __11__ he had half a million dollars might give him the __12__ to work out a way to save his business, so he got up from the bench and started his new life. Feeling __13__ and working hard, he was making money once again. One year later, he returned to the __14__ with the check, and the old man appeared. Just as the businessman was about to say __15__， a nurse came running up. “Im so __16__ I caught him！” she cried.“Hes always __17__ from the rest home and telling people hes John D．Rockefeller.” Then she led the old man away by the arm. Suddenly, the businessman __18__ that it wasnt that money, real or imagined that had turned his __19__ around. It was his newfound selfconfidence that gave him the power to __20__. As is said, in most cases, selfconfidence is more important than money. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。一位商人生意失利，巧遇一位自稱是富翁John D. Rockefeller的老人，老人給他開具了一張50萬(wàn)美元的支票，商人因此信心大增，努力工作，終于走出了困境。一年后這位商人才得知，這位自稱是富翁John D．Rockefeller的老人竟然是一個(gè)瘋子。這位商人意識(shí)到，是自信而不是金錢挽救了他的公司。 1．A.mentioning　　　　　 B．recognizing C．responding D．wondering 解析：選D　這位商人坐在公園的長(zhǎng)凳上，想知道是否有方法可以挽救他的公司。D項(xiàng)意為“想知道”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“提及”；B項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)出”；C項(xiàng)意為“做出反應(yīng)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 2．A.Occasionally B．Abruptly C．Frequently D．Evidently 解析：選B　根據(jù)該段最后一句中的“Then he turned and disappeared as quickly as he”可知，這位老人很快消失了；結(jié)合該句“an old man appeared before him”可知，這位老人應(yīng)該是突然出現(xiàn)在他面前的。B項(xiàng)意為“突然地，唐突地”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“偶然”；C項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)常地”；D項(xiàng)意為“顯然”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 3．A.Unless B．Since C．After D．Before 解析：選C　在聽了這個(gè)問(wèn)題之后，這位老人開具了一張支票。C項(xiàng)意為“在……之后”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“除非”；B項(xiàng)意為“自……以來(lái)”；D項(xiàng)意為“在……之前”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 4．A.message B．key C．paper D．money 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文可知，這位老人開具了一張支票；此處指老人讓他帶走這筆錢。 5．A.spend B．pay C．offer D．cost 解析：選B　上句描述了一位老人給這位失意的商人開具了一張支票；此處指這位老人要求商人在一年后的這個(gè)時(shí)間償還這筆錢。pay back為固定搭配，意為“償還，還錢”，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“花費(fèi)”；C項(xiàng)意為“提供”；D項(xiàng)意為“價(jià)格為”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 6．A.said B．expected C．e D．written 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“________ an old man appeared before him”可知此處指，隨后，這位老人轉(zhuǎn)身并很快消失了，和他來(lái)的時(shí)候一樣。C項(xiàng)意為“來(lái)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“說(shuō)”；B項(xiàng)意為“期望”；D項(xiàng)意為“寫”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 7．A.hand B．eye C．pocket D．bag 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文可知，這位老人給商人開具了一張支票；此處指這位商人在自己的手上看到了一張50萬(wàn)美元的支票。 8．A.craziest B．richest C．happiest D．friendliest 解析：選B　這張50萬(wàn)美元的支票的簽名是John D. Rockefeller，他是當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最富有的人之一。B項(xiàng)意為“最富有的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“最瘋狂的”；C項(xiàng)意為“最幸福的”；D項(xiàng)意為“最友善的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 9．A.effective B．generous C．enough D．efficient 解析：選C　根據(jù)上句可知，John D. Rockefeller給他開具了一張50萬(wàn)美元的支票；此處指這些錢挽救他的公司綽綽有余。C項(xiàng)意為“足夠的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“有效的”；B項(xiàng)意為“慷慨的，大方的”；D項(xiàng)意為“高效的，能干的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 10．A.Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Anyhow 解析：選B　前一句陳述了這張支票挽救他的公司綽綽有余，再根據(jù)該句中的“he decided to put the check in his safe”可知，他決定將支票放在他的保險(xiǎn)柜里，這兩句間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用However。A項(xiàng)意為“因此，所以”；C項(xiàng)意為“否則，要不然”；D項(xiàng)意為“總之，無(wú)論如何”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 11．A.pretending B．dreaming C．knowing D．understanding 解析：選C　他知道自己有了50萬(wàn)美元，這給了他力量去想出辦法挽救他的公司，于是他從長(zhǎng)凳上起來(lái)，開始了他的新生活。C項(xiàng)意為“知道，懂得”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“假裝”；B項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想”；D項(xiàng)意為“理解”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 12．A.courage B．strength C．use D．wish 解析：選B　參見上題解析。A項(xiàng)意為“勇氣”；C項(xiàng)意為“使用”；D項(xiàng)意為“愿望”。 13．A.conscious B．confused C．responsible D．confident 解析：選D　根據(jù)該句中的“and working hard, he was making money once again”，并結(jié)合最后一段尾句中的“selfconfidence”可知，他感到了自信，于是開始努力工作，終于再次盈利。D項(xiàng)意為“有信心的，自信的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“有意識(shí)的，有知覺(jué)的”；B項(xiàng)意為“困惑的”；C項(xiàng)意為“負(fù)有責(zé)任的，有責(zé)任心的，負(fù)責(zé)的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 14．A.safe B．office C．park D．bank 解析：選C　根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“He sat on the park bench”可知，他們第一次碰面的地點(diǎn)是在公園；一年后，他帶著支票回到了公園，那位老人出現(xiàn)了。C項(xiàng)意為“公園”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“保險(xiǎn)柜”；B項(xiàng)意為“辦公室”；D項(xiàng)意為“銀行”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 15．A.apology B．congratulations C．wele D．thanks 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文可知，這位商人帶著支票準(zhǔn)備還錢；正當(dāng)商人要說(shuō)謝謝時(shí)，一位護(hù)士跑了過(guò)來(lái)。D項(xiàng)意為“謝謝”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“道歉”；B項(xiàng)意為“祝賀”；C項(xiàng)意為“歡迎”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 16．A.glad B．sad C．surprised D．nervous 解析：選A　根據(jù)該句中的“I caught him”可知，護(hù)士抓住了那位老人，據(jù)此可以判斷，這位護(hù)士應(yīng)該感到很高興。A項(xiàng)意為“高興的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“悲傷的”；C項(xiàng)意為“驚奇的”；D項(xiàng)意為“神經(jīng)緊張的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 17．A.shouting B．stealing C．escaping D．learning 解析：選C　根據(jù)前一句中的“I caught him”可知，護(hù)士抓住了那位老人；此處指這位老人總是從養(yǎng)老院逃跑，并且告訴人們他是John D. Rockefeller。escape from為固定搭配，意為“從……逃跑”，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“呼喊”；B項(xiàng)意為“偷竊”；D項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)習(xí)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 18．A.demanded B．realized C．remembered D．solved 解析：選B　由上文敘述的一位自稱是富翁的瘋子給他開具了一張50萬(wàn)美元的虛假支票可知，這位商人突然意識(shí)到不是金錢挽救了他的生活。B項(xiàng)意為“意識(shí)到”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“要求”；C項(xiàng)意為“記得”；D項(xiàng)意為“解決”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 19．A.life B．role C．chance D．idea 解析：選A　根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“so he got up from the bench and started his new life”可知，此處指這位商人意識(shí)到不是金錢使他的生活好轉(zhuǎn)。A項(xiàng)意為“生活”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“角色”；C項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“想法”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 20．A.discover B．reward C．exchange D．succeed 解析：選D　根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“he was making money once again”可知，這位商人成功了，他再次盈利了；此處指他意識(shí)到，重新獲得的自信給了他成功的力量。D項(xiàng)意為“成功”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到，發(fā)覺(jué)”；B項(xiàng)意為“獎(jiǎng)賞，報(bào)答，酬謝”；C項(xiàng)意為“交換”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空 (2019石家莊模擬)Mike Taylor, a university student in the study of prehistoric life forms for his Ph. D．， discovered a brandnew species of dinosaur, while __1__ (conduct) research at the Natural History Museum in the United Kingdom. This new species __2__ (identify) as part of the sauropod family of dinosaurs. The sauropods were fourlegged, vegetarian dinosaurs, __3__ very long necks and tails, and relatively small skulls and brains. One of their most unusual __4__ (characteristic) was their nostrils, which were higher up in their head, almost near the eyes. So far, the sauropod bones __5__ (find) in every continent except Antarctica, and they are one of the longest living group of dinosaurs, spanning over 100 million years. This new species, __6__ (name) Xenoposeidon proneneukos, which means forward sloping, lived about 140 million years ago. Mike Taylor, __7__ has spent five years studying sauropod vertebrae, __8__ (immediate) knew that this was the backbone of a sauropod. However, he had never seen one like this before. __9__ (far) research proved this was indeed a new kind of sauropod. The bone, which had been discovered in __10__ 1890s, had never been examined. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。邁克泰勒偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的恐龍物種；經(jīng)研究證明，這是一種新的蜥腳類動(dòng)物。 1．conducting　考查現(xiàn)在分詞。該句主語(yǔ)“Mike Taylor”和動(dòng)詞“conduct”之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且根據(jù)空前的“while”可知，該處表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，故用conducting。該句也可以看成狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，省略了主語(yǔ)“Mike Taylor”和be動(dòng)詞“was”。 2．was identified　考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句主語(yǔ)“This new species”和動(dòng)詞“identify”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；此處陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 3．with　考查介詞。該蜥腳類動(dòng)物為四肢食草恐龍，它有著長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的脖子和尾巴，還有相對(duì)小的頭骨和大腦。with表示“具有，帶有”，符合語(yǔ)境。 4．characteristics　考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。characteristic為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該句中的“One of”可知，該處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 5．have been found　考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)以及主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的“So far”可知，該句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；該句的主語(yǔ)“the sauropod bones”為復(fù)數(shù)形式，且和動(dòng)詞“find”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 6．named　考查過(guò)去分詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作“This new species”的后置定語(yǔ)；主語(yǔ)“This new species”和動(dòng)詞“name”之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用named。 7．who　考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“Mike Taylor”，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。 8．immediately　考查副詞。根據(jù)空后的動(dòng)詞“knew”可知，空處修飾該動(dòng)詞，表示“立即，立刻”，故用immediate的副詞形式。 9．Further　考查比較級(jí)。進(jìn)一步的研究證明，這的確是一種新的蜥腳類動(dòng)物。根據(jù)句意可知，空處用比較級(jí)，表示“更進(jìn)一步的”。 10．the　考查定冠詞。in the 1890s表示“在19世紀(jì)90年代”，故用定冠詞the。