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2019 高考英語三輪沖刺大題提分訓(xùn)練（含解析）+關(guān)于傾聽的作文：思考著傾聽語法填空A【2018 全國 I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___1___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___2__ _(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___3___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___4___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___5___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___6___showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___7___(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to___8___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always___9___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___10___a try.【答案】1. longer 2. to see 3. dying 4. is 5. than 6. that /which 7. causes 8. strengthen 9. energetic 10. it【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了跑步的好處，它可以幫助人們延年益壽。1.考查副詞的比較級。醫(yī)學(xué)報告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活 3 年。根據(jù) than 可知用比較級，故填 longer。2.考查不定式作目的狀語。你不必跑得太快或者時間太長就為了看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語，故填 to see。3.考查動名詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然可以通過跑步減少早亡的風(fēng)險。此處 of 是介詞，其后用動名詞。故填dying。4. 考查動詞的時態(tài)。醫(yī)學(xué)報告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長壽命。這里敘述的是一個事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填 is。5. 考查比較句型。跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長壽命。根據(jù)文章中的 more effective 可知此處填 than。6. 考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。此處 a study 是先行詞，其在定語從句中作主語，故填 that 或 which。7.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。一項研究表明，僅僅用每天 5 到 10 分鐘的跑步，就能減少各種原因的心臟病和早亡。根據(jù)句意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 causes。8.考查詞性變化。通過鍛煉增強(qiáng)你腿上的肌肉。此處 to 是不定式符號，其后用動詞原形。故填 strengthen。9.考查詞性變化。跑步總是讓人充滿活力的。根據(jù) it’s 可知，系動詞后用形容詞作表語。故填 energetic。10.考查代詞。我們都應(yīng)該試試跑步。此處 give it a try 意為：試試。此處 it 可以指 running。故填 it。B【2018?全國 III】I'm not sure _____11_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____12____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the___13__(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____14___(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____15____(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___16___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ___17___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____18____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____19____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!“ Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____20____ (stay)and watch.【答案】11. which 12. the 13. loudest 14. looking 15. challenged16. scientist 17. for 18. them 19. meant 20. to stay【解析】本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此驚恐的經(jīng)歷。11.考查賓語從句。句意：我不確定哪一個更讓人害怕，是我還是突然出現(xiàn)的雌性大猩猩。此處為賓語從句，空格處表示選擇，所以用 which。12.考查冠詞。此處為固定短語 at the top of，此處表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。13.考查最高級。根據(jù)后面的 of all 可知，他聲音最大，所以用最高級 loudest。14. 考查非謂語動詞。動詞 avoid 后要加 doing。此處表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用 looking。15. 考查非謂語。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示不直視他的眼睛，他就不會感到被挑戰(zhàn)。feel 為系動詞，表示“被挑戰(zhàn)”，用過去分詞 challenged。16. 考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可知，我是一名科學(xué)家。scientist 科學(xué)家。17.考查介詞。search for 是固定搭配，表示“尋找”，表示“我在尋找我研究的三只西部低地大猩猩?！?8.考查代詞。此處作 find 的賓語，所以用賓格 them。19.考查謂語動詞。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少謂語，再根據(jù)總體時態(tài)可知要用一般過去時態(tài)，所以用 meant。20.考查非謂語動詞。固定短語 allow sb to do 允許某人做某事，應(yīng)該用 to stay。A【福建省莆田第九中學(xué) 2019 屆高三上學(xué)期第一次調(diào)研】Martin Strel swims with a knife _____1_____ (fasten) to his right leg—in case he meets sharks and other ___2___ (dead) sea life in the world’s wildest waters. ___3___ 61-year-old marathon swimmer has announced the _____4_____ (tough) challenge of his life: a 10,000-mile-around-the-world journey on water ______5______ (draw) public attention to the increasing water ___6___ (pollute). He aims to circle the globe in about 450 days, passing through oceans, rivers,_____7_____ (canal) and other bodies of water in more than 100 countries. He will swim about 5 to 12 hours each day, depending on the weather. A boat will go _____8_____ him and offer emergency support and space for small breaks.Since 2000, Strel ______9______ (swim) the entire length of five rivers in China, America, etc. Strel will not be alone in the water. He says he welcomes ____10____ is interested in joining him for parts of the route.【答案】1. fastened 2. deadly 3. The 4. toughest 5. to draw6. pollution 7. canals 8. with/behind 9. has swum 10. whoever【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述 Martin Strel 在世界上最狂野的水域游泳的情況。這位 61 歲的馬拉松游泳運動員宣布了他一生中最艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)：一場萬英里的環(huán)球之旅，以引起公眾對日益嚴(yán)重的水污染的關(guān)注。1.考查過去分詞。此處是 with 的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞，a knife 和 fasten 之間是被動關(guān)系，with 結(jié)構(gòu)做伴隨狀語，故答案為 fastened。2.考查形容詞。句意：Martin Strel 游泳時把一把刀系在他的右腿上 ——以防他在世界上最狂野的水域遇到鯊魚和其他致命的海洋生物。形容詞修飾名詞，deadly“致命的”，結(jié)合句意可知答案為 deadly。3.考查冠詞。此處表示特指，故答案為 The。4.考查最高級。句意：這位 61 歲的馬拉松游泳運動員宣布了他一生中最艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合句意可知此處用最高級，故答案為toughest。5.考查動詞不定式做目的狀語。句意：一場萬英里的環(huán)球之旅，以引起公眾對日益嚴(yán)重的水污染的關(guān)注。此處是動詞不定式做目的狀語，故答案為 to draw。6.考查不可數(shù)名詞。此處表示“水污染”。且 pollution 是不可數(shù)名詞，故答案為 pollution。7.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他的目標(biāo)是在大約 450 天內(nèi)環(huán)游地球，在 100 多個國家通過海洋、河流、運河和其他水體。結(jié)合句意可知此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為 canals。8.考查介詞。句意：一艘船將與他一起，提供緊急支援和小休息的空間。結(jié)合句意可知答案為 with/behind。9.考查現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。句意：自 2000 年以來，Strel 已經(jīng)在中國、美國等地的 5 條河流中暢游了。此處 since“自從……以來”，所以句子用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，主語是 Strel，單數(shù)第三人稱，故答案為 has swum。10.考查賓語從句。句意：他說，他歡迎任何有興趣加入他的人來參加部分路線。賓語從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞，從句缺少主語，結(jié)合句意可知此處是 whoever“無論誰”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。B【南開中學(xué) 2018-2019 學(xué)年上學(xué)期高三第一次月考】One night four college kids____11____(stay) out late, partying and having a good time. They paid no mind___12___the test they had scheduled for the next day and didn't study. In the morning, they hatched a plan to get out of____13____(take) their test. They covered___14___(they) with grease（潤滑油）and dirt and went to the Dean's office____15____(nervous).Once there, they said they____16____(be) to a wedding the previous night and on the way back they got___17___flat tire and had to push the car back to campus.The Dean listened to their sad story and got lost in deep____18____(think).Then he offered them a retest three days later. They thanked him and accepted his offer.____19____the test day arrived, they went to the Dean. The Dean put them all in separate_____20_____(room) for the test. They were fine with this since they had all studied hard. Then they saw the test. It had 2 questions.【答案】11. stayed 12. to 13. taking 14. themselves 15. nervously 16. had been 17. a 18. thought 19. When 20. rooms【解析】這是一篇故事類閱讀。文章講述了四名大學(xué)生由于貪玩，借故逃避考試的故事。11.考查時態(tài)。通過閱讀文章，可知本文是在講故事，整篇文章都用的是一般過去時，所以這里也應(yīng)該用一般過去時，所以填stayed。12.考查固定短語。句意：他們不介意第二天的考試，并且也不學(xué)習(xí)。paid no mind to 不介意，該短語是固定短語，所以填to。13.考查非謂語動詞。句意：第二天早上，他們計劃逃避他們的考試。get out of 逃避，這個短語中，of 是介詞，介詞后用v+ing 形式，所以填 taking。14.考查反身代詞。句意：他們用污垢和潤滑油覆蓋他們自己。題干中意思是“覆蓋他們自己”，用反身代詞，所以填themselves。15.考查副詞。句意：緊張地來到院長辦公室。該空修飾動詞went，用副詞，所以填 nervously。16.考查賓語從句的時態(tài)。they_______(be) to a wedding the previous night 作 said 的賓語，所以 they________(be) to a wedding the previous night 是一個賓語從句，主句 they said 用的是一般過去時，從句動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時，所以填 had been。17.考查冠詞。題干中表示“他們的一個輪胎漏氣了”，a flat tire 車輪泄氣，該短語是固定短語，所以填 a。18.考查名詞。句意：院長聽著他們悲傷的故事，陷入了沉思。get lost in deep thought 陷入深深的沉思，該短語是固定短語，所以填 thought。19.考查連詞。句意：當(dāng)考試來臨時，他們來到了院長那里。題干中表示“當(dāng)……時”，所以填 when。20.考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：院長把他們安排在單獨的房間。題干中表示“單獨的房間”，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以填 rooms。C【渭南尚德中學(xué) 2018-2019 學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測】Friendship is indispensable(不可缺少的) to people’s life. A man without friends is like an angel without wings, ____21____ life will suffer in the long tolerance of loneliness and depression. Friendship is the mother of our soul, who will warm her kid if hurt ____22____ (occur). We have many things such as happiness, ____23____ (excite) and bitterness, to share with our friends in life, etc. Thus, it is important ___24____ (maintain) a true friendship.It takes many special qualities to make a friend. Understanding should come first. Only ___25___ we get a better understanding of each other can we gain ____26____authentic and meaningful friendship.It also takes a special kind of love that seems to have no end. Never hesitate to show your kindness to your friend when he/she is ____27____ trouble. Love is not selfish. Love is such a valuable quality ____28____ (give) by God that we should treasure it all our life.Tolerance is the ____29____ (three) essential part in friendship. We are ____30____ (absolute) different persons. This individual distinction may cause conflict. But just try to tolerate others so that you can maintain your friendship.【答案】21. whose 22. occurs 23. excitement 24. to maintain 25. when 26. an 27. in 28. given 29. third 30. absolutely【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了友誼是人們生活中不可缺少的部分，并且介紹了交朋友的三個品質(zhì)：理解、愛和容忍。21.考査代詞。分析句子可知后半部分是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為 a man，先行詞在從句中作定語修飾名詞 life，要用關(guān)系代詞 whose 指代先行詞，故填 whose。22.考査謂語動詞。因 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的主語是單數(shù)名詞 hurt，本句話用的是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填 occurs。23.考查名詞。由本空格前面的 happiness 以及后面的bitterness 可知，這里應(yīng)該填 excite 的名詞形式。故填excitement。24.考查不定式。由 it is+形容詞+to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里填不定式，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式是真正的主語，it 是形式主語。故填 to maintain。25.考查連詞。句意：只有當(dāng)我們更好地相互了解，我們才能獲得一份真摯和有意義的友誼。根據(jù)句意可知此處需要 when 表示“當(dāng)……的時候”，來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，故填 when。26.考查冠詞。句意：只有當(dāng)我們更好地相互了解，我們才能獲得一份真摯和有意義的友誼。friendship 是抽象名詞，抽象名詞一般是不可數(shù)的，但當(dāng)它前面有修飾語時其前面可加冠詞 a或者 an。又因為 authentic 是元音開頭，所以此處填冠詞 an，故填 an。27.考査介詞。in trouble 意為“在困難中“，為固定搭配。故填 in。28.考查非謂語。此處本句已經(jīng)有謂語動詞 is，故 give 在此作非謂語。又由后面的“by God”可知是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞 given 作后置定語來修飾名詞 quality，故填 given。29.考査序數(shù)詞。根據(jù)上文提到交朋友的兩個品質(zhì)：理解和愛，可知此處容忍是第三個品質(zhì)，所以此處應(yīng)用 three 的序數(shù)詞third，表示“第三個” 故填 third。30.考査副詞。此處用于修飾空格后的形容詞 different，要用副詞 absolutely 來修飾形容詞 different，故填 absolutely。DBaidu is not a doctor【河北衡水中學(xué) 2018-2019 學(xué)年度上學(xué)期高三年級期中】When people ___31___ (face) with health or nutrition questions, it is ___32___ (increasing) common to go online and diagnose themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to get rid of the wrong advice, some of which ___33___ (be) extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by ___34___ (popular) rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. It is worth ___35___ (check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert. Anyone can call ___36___ (they) a “diet expert”, “nutritionist” and even a “doctor” — given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. But remember, only officially ___37___ (recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical ___38___ (suggest). So if you are unsure and still wondering ___39___ the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays to make ___40___ appointment with your dietician or doctor. The truth is out there, and you just need to look in the right place!【答案】31. are faced 32. increasingly 33. is 34. popularity 35. checking 36. themselves 37. recognized /recognised 38. suggestions 39. whether 40. an【解析】本文為說明文。當(dāng)很多人有健康或營養(yǎng)方面的問題時，他們會直接去百度搜索，自我診斷。這其實是不科學(xué)的，因為搜索引擎的結(jié)果是按照受歡迎的程度而不是按照準(zhǔn)確性來排序的。因此百度不是醫(yī)生，遇到問題，最好和醫(yī)生預(yù)約，去應(yīng)該去的地方。31.考查動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)人們面對健康或營養(yǎng)問題時，上網(wǎng)和自我診斷越來越普遍。be faced with…為固定搭配，意為“面對……”，本句的主語是 people 是集合名詞，所以謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，又因本文時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，因此填 are faced。32.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用 increasing 的副詞形式修飾形容詞 common，因此填 increasingly。33.考查主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的主語是“some of which”，which 指代前面的不可數(shù)名詞 advice，因此本小題要用單數(shù)形式，故 be 動詞要用 is。34.考查名詞。本空是后面的名詞 accuracy 進(jìn)行對比，所以本空也要用 popular 的名詞形式。因此填 popularity。35.考查非謂語動詞。sth. be worth doing 為固定搭配，意為“值得做某事”，所以本空要用動詞的 ing 形式，故填checking。36.考查反身代詞。句意：任何人都可以稱自己為“飲食專家”。call oneself 可譯為“自稱……”，因此本空填 themselves。37.考查非謂語動詞。此處表示官方認(rèn)可的，邏輯主語是doctors，它和 recognise 二間是被動關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞recognized / recognised。38.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)?？崭裉幾鞣侵^語 giving 的賓語，作賓語應(yīng)用名詞形式，指只有被官方認(rèn)可的醫(yī)生才有資格給出醫(yī)學(xué)建議，故填 suggestions。39.考查賓語從句。句意：如果你不能確定，仍然想知道巧克力飲食是否會起作用……，賓語從句成分完整，在 wondering 后面表示不確定應(yīng)用 whether，意為“是否“，因此填 whether。40.考查冠詞。make an appointment 為固定搭配，意為“與某人有約定，與某人有約會”、此處表示和醫(yī)生預(yù)約，是泛指概念。因此填 an。關(guān)于傾聽的作文：思考著傾聽人類擁有大腦和耳朵,大腦用來思考,耳朵用來傾聽。獨自思考而不吸納意見,我們?nèi)菀灼珗?zhí)；一味聽取而不加思考,我們?nèi)菀酌允?；真正的智者是善于思考著傾聽的,為了讓自己的智慧之河永不干涸,我們應(yīng)該在思考中聆聽來自別處的聲音。群山威武卻依然聆聽小溪的叮咚之響;垂柳輕柔卻依然傾聽風(fēng)的細(xì)語,其舞風(fēng)中,更增風(fēng)致;人是自然的主宰,學(xué)會聆聽將會帶給我們無窮的力量。齊王聽取了鄒忌的意見,才會出現(xiàn)“門庭若市”的進(jìn)諫只風(fēng)；趙太后采納了觸龍的提議,才使趙國免去了一場戰(zhàn)爭的威脅。傾聽是人類無聲的語言,學(xué)會傾聽,干戈化為玉帛,勁敵化為執(zhí)友。我們傾聽的是良言善語,我們吸取的是真誠的給予。思考這傾聽,這是多少仁人志士的心聲。俞伯牙與鐘子期以樂會友,鑄就了高山流水的知音情。傾聽于交友,于生活,于成功是密不可分的。楚懷王若能思考著傾聽,屈原不會懷著無可奈何的忿恨自投汨羅；失敗者若能學(xué)會傾聽,就不會承受再次失敗的痛苦；悲哀者若能在靜靜的思考中傾聽別人的勸導(dǎo),快樂的陽光終會灑滿他的發(fā)際眉梢；迷失于思維的巷道,他人的善勸如同路標(biāo)。學(xué)會傾聽,我們很快就會找到出口；留戀于徘徊中,我們駐足于目標(biāo)周圍的野花香草,傾聽別人的語言,思考著自己的目標(biāo),我們才能放下次要的東西,直奔成功。思考給了我們傾聽的基石,傾聽賦予思考靈動的色彩，思考著傾聽是我們造就自我的良方。任何不假思索的傾聽同任何不理傾聽的思索一樣有害。趨利避害,方是我們升華自我的方法。亞里士多德傾聽了、思考了,縝密地思維之后,發(fā)出了“我愛我?guī)?我更愛真理”的至理名言；但丁思考了,傾聽了,反復(fù)地求索之后,高喊“走自己的路,讓別人去說吧!”思考讓傾聽顯得如此與眾不同。前人尚懂思考與傾聽的結(jié)合,我們更該讓思考的光芒照亮傾聽走來的道路,讓傾聽的余音澆醒思考的迷茫。思考著傾聽 ——這是我們前進(jìn)的路燈,奮進(jìn)的動力,成功的良伴。