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廣州中考高分突破 話題專項訓練第十二節(jié)科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù) 熱點話題 歷史與地理 文學與藝術(shù) 科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù) 熱點話題 歷史與地理 文學與藝術(shù) 二 語法選擇Withthedevelopmentofscience manyinventionshavechangedourlife Inthepast whenourparentscouldn tfindusandwondered1wewere theywerejustworriedandwaited Whenwewantedtotellothers2goodnewsassoonaswegotit wejustwaited Nowthere3somechanges Sincethecellphone4 ithasdonealotforus It smuch5togetintouchwithourfamilyandourfriendslivingfaraway Weeven6peopleinotherpart oftheworld Also twoloverscanusecellphones7messagestoeachother Theysharehappiness8eachotherallthetime Itmakestheworldsmallerthanbefore Peoplecanbecloser9thecellphone 10cellphoneshelpusalotinourdailylife theybringussomeproblems First 11cellsphonestoooftenisbadforourhealth Second theymake12muchnoisethatdisturbs 打擾 ourlife Students13havecellphonesmayusethemtoplaygamesorsendmessagesin class becausetheyaretooyoungtocontrol14 Thiswillcertainlyaffecttheirstudy It shardtosay15itisgoodforustohavecellphones 1 A whenB whereC whichD what 2 A aB anC D the 3 A haveB hasC areD is 4 A inventB inventsC wasinventedD invented 5 A easyB easierC easiestD easily B B C C C 6 A contactB iscontactingC contactedD contacts 7 A sendB sentC sendingD tosend 8 A toB forC withD from 9 A forB becauseofC becauseD so 10 A HoweverB ThoughC AndD But A B B C D 11 A useB usesC usingD touse 12 A soB suchC veryD too 13 A whenB whomC whichD who 14 A themselvesB theyC theirD them 15 A thatB whetherC whyD what A B C D D 三 完形填空Wearenowlivinginthe21stcentury Isyourclassroomlivinginthe21stcentury too TonyisastudentinGrade8atanAmericanmiddleschool Hewassurprisedwhenhesawhismodern1onthefirstdayofschool InTony sclassroom therearemanynewelectronics likeiPads Thissemester theywill2theelectronicstotakenotes watchvideosanddoprojectsandhomework It s3 saidTony I preferusinganiPadtoworkonmathorotherprojects4myteammembers Theschoolusesnewtechnologyinclassroomstohelpstudentssee hear touchandsometimesexperiencetheirtasks Technologyisprettycommoninmostofourclassroomsnow theheadteachersaid We retryingtousetechnologyto5theworldtokids Itcanbringtheoutsideworldin ScienceteacherMr Milleragrees Itisa6wayforstudentstoknowthe outsideworld hesaid Mr Millernowregardshimselfasaguideoflearning7asateacher Iftheyhaveaquestionforme Iwilltrytoteachthem8tofindtheanswersratherthantellthemwhattheanswersare hesaid Dale anotherstudent lovestechnology Hewasnotreallyinterestedinclassbefore 9nowhelikestheclassesverymuch IthelpsmeusewhatIknowabouttechnologyatschool Dalesaid Mostimportantly I10theclassroom This ofcourse willhelpmystudy 1 A dormitoryB playgroundC libraryD classroom 2 A allowB useC wantD help 3 A boringB relaxingC amazingD disappointing 4 A onB byC atD with 5 A openupB lookupC putupD callup A B C D D 6 A wrongB slowC quickD bad 7 A becauseofB insteadofC accordingtoD thanksto 8 A whyB whatC whenD how 9 A butB andC orD so 10 A standB hateC enjoyD dislike A B C C D 四 閱讀理解 A Asweallknow theoceanmoves Butwavesbreakingonthebeachmaketheoceanfun Whenyoustandontheshoreandlookatthewaves itseemslikethewaterismovingtowardsyou Butthewaterisnotreallymovingforward Themovingyouseeiswaveenergy Andwaveenergycomesfromthewind Let sthinkabouthowthisworks Aswaveenergypassesthroughthewater the energymakesparticles 粒子 ofwatermoveupanddown Justgiveyouanexampleofawavepassingunderabasketball Weputabasketballonthesea Whenthewindblows awavecomesfrombehindthebasketball Thebasketballmovesuptothetopwiththewave Thenthewavecontinuesandleavesthebasketballbehind Thebasketballlookslower butitdoesn tmoveforward That sbecausethewaveenergyjustmovesthewaterwhichisunderthebasketball Sowhycanyouseeawaveknockyoudownontheshore Whenawavemovestowardtheshore thebottomofthewaveslowsdownbecauseitmeetstheoceanfloor Butthetop whichiscalledcrest 浪峰 keepsmoving Thedifferentactioncausesthewavetofalloverorbreakontotheshore Ifawaveisverylarge itcarriesalotofenergywhenithitstheland Astimegoesby wavescanbreakupandcarryawaytherocksandotherthingsontheshore Shorelinesarechangingallthetimebecauseofwaveaction 1 isreallymovingforwardwhenyoulookatthewave A WaterB ThebasketballC WaterandwaveenergyD Waveenergy 2 Matchthesentenceswiththepicturesandtherightanswer D B 1 Thebasketballmovesuptothetopwiththewave 2 Thebasketballcontinuesandleavesthebasketballbehind 3 Whenthewindblows awavecomesfrombehindthebasketball A a 2 b 1 c 3 B a 3 b 1 c 2 C a 1 b 3 c 2 D a 3 b 2 c 1 a c b 3 WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage A Waveenergycomesfromthewater B Largewavescarryplentyofenergy C Waveactionmakesshorelineschangeallthetime D Thebottomofthewaveiseasytoslowdown 4 Theunderlinedword it Paragraph3 refersto A particlesofwaterB theshoreC thewindD thebottomofthewave D A 5 Themainideaofthispassageis A whatmakesparticlesofwatermoveB howabasketballmovesontheoceanC howwaveenergycauseswaveactionD whyawavecanknockyoudown C B Americaisamobilesociety FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange Neithersidefeelshurtbythis BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo perhapsafewlettersforawhile thennomore Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance evenyearslater theycontinuethefriendshipagain ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand becausefriendshipsbetweenusrunmoreslowlybutthenmaybecome lifelongfeelings extending 延伸 sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes sharetheirholidays andtheirhomelife Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality 好客 easily AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives theydon tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthe practiceinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime Sometimes we ashosts willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends TheAmericans however expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfrom there Oncewearriveattheirhomes thewelcomewillbefull warmandreal Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably FortheAmericans itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants exceptforpurelybusinessmatters Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome 6 Thewriterofthispassagemustbe A anAmericanB aChineseC aprofessorD astudent 7 WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage A FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallyextenddeeplyintotheirfamilies B FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallylastforalltheirlives C Americansalwaysshowtheirwarmtheveniftheyareverybusy B D D Americanswillcontinuetheirfriendshipsagainevenafteralongbreak 8 FromthelasttwoparagraphswecanlearnthatwhenwearriveinAmericatovisitanAmericanfriend wewillprobablybe A warmlywelcomedattheairportB offeredaridetohishomeC treatedhospitablyathishomeD treatedtodinnerinarestaurant 9 Theunderlinedwords generouswithourtime inParagraph3probably B C mean A strictwithtimeB willingtospendtimeC carefuloftimeD anxiousabouttime 10 What sthebesttitleforthispassage A FriendshipsbetweenChineseB FriendshipsbetweenAmericansC Americans hospitalityD Americans andChinese sviewsoffriendships D C Jeanshavebecomeonepieceofclothingwornbythemostpeopleintheworld Everybodywearsthem fromthefarmertothelawyerandfrommodelstohousewives Butwhyhavejeansbecomesopopular You llgetmanyanswers Forsomepeopletheylookcool forothersjeansarejustcomfortable JeanswerefirststrongertrousersmadeforfarmworkersinthestatesoftheAmericanwest IntheeasternpartoftheUS jeanswerehardlywornatall Theywereconnectedwithfarmpeopleandtheworkers Sotherichwouldn tliketowearthem ItwasJamesDeanandMarlonBrandothatmadethempopularinmoviesandeveryonestartedtowearthem Theywereasymboloftherebellionofyoungpeopleduringthe1950sand1960s SothesenewtrouserswerenotallowedinAmericanschoolsandsometimesintheatresandcinemas Astimewenton jeansbecame moreacceptable AmericanpeopleinEuropeandJapanoftenworethemwhentheywerenotondutytoshowthattheywereAmericans Thetrousersshowedtheworldahappierwayoflife somethingthatpeopleneeded especiallyafterwhattheyhadgonethroughinWorldWarII Jeanshadotheradvantagesaswell Theydidn tneedtobewashedasoftenasothertrousersandwomendidn tneedtoironthem Thisbecamemoreimportantasmoreandmorewomenstarted workingandhadlesstimeforhousework Todayjeansareanimportantpartofourlives Theyarealwayswashedafewtimesbeforetheyaresoldtogivethemafadedlook 11 Jeansfirstappeared A ineasternAmericaB inwesternAmericaC inMiddleAmericaD alloverAmerica 12 Fromthepassage wecanknowthatJamesDeanandMarlonBrandowere A filmstarsB JeansmakersC youngstudentsD farmersorworkers A B 13 Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlined rebellion inthispassage A 奢侈B 活力C 清純D 反叛 14 Whichofthefollowingwasapossibleadvantageofjeanstowomen A Theycouldeasilybeboughtanywhereintheworld B Theydidn tneedtobewashedoftenorironed C Theyhadmanydifferentstylesandcolors B D D Theywerecomfortableandeasytowash 15 Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage A Jeans SymbolofWealthB Jeans WorkingWomen sBestChoiceC Jeans PopularPieceofClothinginOurDailyLifeD Jeans PartoftheLivesofFarmPeopleandWorkers C D Wordbox publish出版achievement成就NewberyMedal紐伯瑞兒童文學獎Guinness吉尼斯 C B 16 ofthebooksintheformwerewrittenbyAmericanwriters A OneB TwoC ThreeD Four 17 Thebookthatcameoutin1957waswrittenbyA GaryD SchmidtB TheodoreGeiselC PauloCoelhoD KateWiggin 18 Ifyouwanttoknowhowaboy sminddeveloped youshouldchooseaccordingtotheformabove A TheWednesdayWarsB RebeccaofSunnybrookFarmC TheAlchemistD TheCatintheHat 19 ThebookthatbroketheGuinnessrecordcameout A in1947B in1957C in1988D in1903 A C 20 WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheinformationabove A Thetheme 主題 ofthebookTheCatintheHatisanaturalandeasyattitudetolife B PauloCoelhoisaBrazilianwriter C OnlyoneofthefourbookswontheNewberyMedal D ThebookRebeccaofSunnybrookFarmcameoutwhenthewriterwas41yearsold D 五 閱讀填空Acitywithoutcarswouldbeverystrange right ButVeniceissuchacity VeniceisinthenortheastofItaly Itwasbuiltonmorethan110islands 1 Evenso travelisn tdifficult 2 Thereare117waterwaysandmorethan400bridgesthatcanguideyouwhereyouwanttogo PeopleinVenicemovefromplacetoplacebyboat 3 Watermakesthecityspecial butitisalsoabigproblem 4 Thishasmadethe A C D E iceoftheArcticOcean 北冰洋 melt 融化 Everyyear highwatershitthecityinautumnandwinter Whenalotofwatercomes morethanhalfofthecityisunderwater 5 TheItaliangovernmenthasaskedsomeofItaly sbiggestcompaniestobuildtheMOSTproject whichwasplannedtobebuiltundertheseawatertostoptherisingwater Anyway thisprojectishelpingsolvetheproblem B A Thetemperaturehasrisenovertheyears B Scientistsaretryingdifferentwaystostopthecityfromgettingevenlower C Seawateriseverywherearoundthecity D Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround E Theyliketoenjoythescenery 風光 andcoolsummernightswhiletakingboattrips 六 單詞拼寫1 Peterislookingforsomei aboutspaceshipsontheInternet 2 Theinventionofc hasgreatlychangedthehumanlife 3 Theoldmanandhisf livedinasmallvillagefarawayfromthecity nformation omputers amily 4 Onceu atime therelivedanoldmanwhohadtwobeautifuldaughters 5 QiBaishiwasoneofthemostfamousp inChinesehistory 6 ManypeoplelikesurfingtheInternet becausetheycanl howtousethecomputer pon ainters earn 七 完成句子1 工人們把這臺機器分成了五個部分 Theworkers fiveparts 2 科學家們正夜以繼日地為這個工程工作著 Thescientistsareworkingontheproject 3 在地圖上很難找到這個小鎮(zhèn) findthetownonamap divided day It the machine into and night is hard to 4 羅馬是一座有著兩千多年歷史的城市 Romeisacity morethantwothousandyears 5 看話劇是學習西方文化的一條好途徑 Watchingaplayisagoodwayto thewesternculture 6 人們從網(wǎng)上學到許多有用的信息 Peoplecanlearn usefulinformationfromtheInternet with a a history of learn about lot of 7 我認為電腦是世界上最有用的發(fā)明之一 Ithinkcomputeris usefulinventionsintheworld one of he most 八 書面表達成于勤儉 敗于奢侈 這是我們的古人很早就提出來的警世箴言 近日習近平主席針對社會上很多人浪費糧食的現(xiàn)象 發(fā)出了 光盤行動 的指示 目的是讓人們節(jié)約糧食 杜絕浪費 節(jié)約是一種美德 節(jié)約更是一種智慧 請你寫一篇以 NoWasting 為題的短文 內(nèi)容包括 1 你對 光盤行動 的看法 2 在生活中你看到了哪些不節(jié)儉的行為 3 列舉兩件你在生活中所做的有關(guān)節(jié)儉的事 4 號召大家參與到節(jié)儉活動中來 作文要求 1 不能照抄原文 不得在作文中出現(xiàn)學校真實的名稱和學生的真實姓名 2 語句連貫 詞數(shù)在80左右 作文的開頭已經(jīng)給出 不計入總詞數(shù) 光盤行動 Emptyyourplate節(jié)儉 savethings 寫作指導 1 審題 第一人稱 一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時 2 思路 對 光盤行動 的看法 是否贊成 描述生活中的不節(jié)儉行為 列舉兩件你在生活中所做的有關(guān)節(jié)儉的事 提出號召 寫作要點 1 近日習近平主席針對社會上很多人浪費糧食的現(xiàn)象 發(fā)出了 光盤行動 的指示 如 Wecanseemanypeoplewastefood ChairmanXirecentlyhaslaunchedanactioncalled Emptyyourplate 2 目的是讓人們節(jié)約糧食 杜絕浪費 如 Thismaymakepeoplecherishfoodandreducewaste 3 我對 光盤行動 的看法 如 Inmyopinion Isupporttheaction 4 我在生活中看到的不節(jié)儉行為 如 Inourdailylife wecanseedifferentkindsofwasting 5 例如 有人經(jīng)常忘記關(guān)電的開關(guān) 洗完手 有人不記得關(guān)水龍頭 如 Forexample somestudentsoftenforgettoturnofftheelectricity Othersevendon tturnoffthetapafterwashingtheirhands 6 我自己的做法 例如購物帶環(huán)保袋 走路上學 收集廢舊的報紙等 如 Asforme Iamtryingmybesttokeepsaving Forexample Iuseclothbagswhenshopping Iusuallygotoschoolonfoot Ioftencollectoldnewspapers 7 號召大家參與到節(jié)儉活動中來 如 Ihopeweshouldtryourbesttosavethings 整篇寫作 NoWastingAncientpeopletoldusthatsuccessliesinthriftywhilefailureliesinluxury RecentlyChairmanXi haslaunchedanactioncalled Emptyyourplate whichaimsatlettingpeoplecherishfoodandreducewaste Inmyopinion Isupporttheaction becausewereallyneedtoknowhowbaditistowastefood Nowasting startfrommyself Inourdailylife wecanseedifferentkindsofwasting Forexample some studentsoftenforgettoturnofftheelectricitywhentheyleavetheclassroom Othersevendon tturnoffthetapafterwashingtheirhands Asforme Iamtryingmybesttokeepsaving WhenIgoshopping Iuseclothbagsinsteadofplasticbags AndIgotoschoolonfootorridebikes Besides Itrytorecycletheenergyinmydailylife Inaword savingisnecessaryandimportant Ihopetherewillbemoreandmorepeopletostartsavingfromeverylittlething