《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 題型突破 專題12 閱讀理解 第3講 主旨大意課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 題型突破 專題12 閱讀理解 第3講 主旨大意課件（14頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、題型專題突破第二部分第二部分專題十二閱讀理解專題十二閱讀理解第第3講主旨大意題講主旨大意題 主旨大意題考查考生把握文章主旨大意以及中心思想的能力。該題要求考生具備運(yùn)用概念、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維能力。 1題型特點(diǎn) 此類題型可分為段落主旨題和文章主旨題兩種類型。段落主旨題往往指向段落大意、段落要點(diǎn)或段落中心思想，考查考生對(duì)自然段落主旨的理解。文章主旨題指文章的基本論點(diǎn)、文章標(biāo)題和文章主題等。該題型考查考生理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用推理與判斷對(duì)文章要點(diǎn)加以歸納、概括的邏輯思維能力。名師點(diǎn)撥 2常見設(shè)問(wèn)方式 What is the main idea of Paragraph？ We can conc

2、lude from the passage that _. The best title/headline for this passage is _. 3解題策略 (1)尋找主題句，確定文章大意。在許多情況下，尤其是在閱讀說(shuō)明文和議論文時(shí)，根據(jù)其篇章特點(diǎn)我們可以通過(guò)尋找短文的主題句來(lái)歸納出文章的主題。 主題句在文章中的位置通常有三種情況：開頭、中間、結(jié)尾(或在開頭結(jié)尾同時(shí)出現(xiàn)首尾呼應(yīng)的主題句)。因此，仔細(xì)閱讀這類文章或段落的首尾句是關(guān)鍵。做主旨概括類試題多采用瀏覽法，即瀏覽文章的首段和尾段的首句或尾句或每段的首句或尾句，重點(diǎn)搜索主題信息。 (2)抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。尋找整篇文章的中心

3、思想的方法是建立在尋找各段落中心句的基礎(chǔ)上。各段落中心句的整體歸納便是文章的中心思想。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，不能僅依據(jù)只言片語(yǔ)或某一段落，而應(yīng)該觀察全文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排，理解文章濃墨重筆的“重心”，考慮文章的材料及支撐性細(xì)節(jié)是服務(wù)于什么，分析故事情節(jié)圍繞什么發(fā)展，最后用簡(jiǎn)明扼要的文字將文章的中心思想表達(dá)出來(lái)。 (3)抓住文章主線和關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，歸納文章中心。不是所有的段落都有主題句，有時(shí)主題句隱含在段落中。閱讀這樣的文章，就需要自己根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)分析，繼而概括出段落的主題，推導(dǎo)出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清該段落主要講了哪幾個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容，這些內(nèi)容在邏輯上有什么聯(lián)系，然后加以歸納形成主題。(2015全國(guó)卷B

4、)Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the cur

5、tains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious(難為情) when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness

6、.典題在線 Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when its time

7、to repaint, go blue. Dont forget the clockor the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while youre at it, actually sit down to e

8、at. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal. Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon ov

9、er a smaller one, total intake(攝入) jumps by 14 percent. And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass. 1What can be a suitable title for the text? AIs Your House Making You Fat? BWays of Serving Dinner CEffects of SelfConsciousness DIs Your Home Enviro

10、nment Relaxing? 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章向我們介紹了家居環(huán)境對(duì)我們飲食的影響，然后給出了如何通過(guò)改變房間光線、墻壁的顏色、餐具的大小等來(lái)控制飲食，從而保持體型的建議。 1【解析】主旨大意題。文章開篇點(diǎn)題Your house may have an effect on your figure.然后從專家的角度進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明the way you design your home could play a role in whether your pack on the pounds or keep them off.，并給那些想減肥的人士提了一些房間布置的建議。因此

11、，A項(xiàng)“你的房子正讓你發(fā)胖嗎？”最適合做文章的標(biāo)題。 【答案】AArriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping.He came back in the late afternoon to discover

12、 that his suitcase was gone.He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers，including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a dis

13、tant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang.It was a stranger.He was trying to pronounce my husbands name and was asking him a lot of questions.Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.

14、My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers.Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents.At last

15、 they had seen a halfwritten letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people.We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their w

16、ay. 2Which of the following can be the best title for the text? AFrom India to Australia.BLiving in a New Country. CTurning Trash to Treasure. DIn Search of New Friends. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了她的丈夫在一個(gè)陌生的城市丟失了重要的文件，正在絕望之時(shí)突然有人打來(lái)電話告知文件下落。一家善良的人發(fā)現(xiàn)了他丟失的文件并歸還，這讓作者與丈夫重拾對(duì)他人的信任。 2【解析】主旨大意題。本文的情節(jié)主線是重要文件丟失又被找回，并且文件是在垃圾桶里被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。同時(shí)，treasure一詞也喻指對(duì)他人的信任。 【答案】C專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)主旨大意題主旨大意題(一一)專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)專題對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn)主旨大意題主旨大意題(二二)