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1、第 11 講 主謂一致用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1There _ (be) some water in the bottle.is2_ (be) there many American friends in the school lastFriday?Were3Most of our earth _ (be) covered with water. 4Sunday _ (be) the first day of a week.is5The police often _ (help) the children cross the street.6The whole family _ (be) en

2、joying the light music now. ishelpare7Neither he nor I _ (be) from Canada.8Either you or he _ (be) right.9Not only Tom but also his parents _ (like) the film. 10 The news _ (be) terrifying.We all got nervoussuddenly.was11Nobody _ (like) that kind of man.12Each of them _ (have) a red pen.13Both Mary

3、and Jim _ (be) good students.14Two million dollars _ (be) enough to rebuild the village.amislikelikeshas/hadareis15This pair of shoes _ (be) expensive.16To see _ (be) to believe.17My father and mother _ (agree) with me.18There _ (be) a pen and some pencils in the box.is19The woman with a baby _ (be)

4、 my mother. 20One of my friends _ (have) moved to America.I missher so much.hasisisagreeis/was謂語因受主語支配，需和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這種語法現(xiàn)象叫做主謂一致。主謂一致一般遵循三個(gè)原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近原則。語法一致原則1主語是單數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Jane likes English very much.簡(jiǎn)很喜歡英語。They like English very much.他們很喜歡英語。2and 或 both.and.

5、連接名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Tom and John are good friends.湯姆和約翰是好朋友。注意：(1)當(dāng) and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：The writer and singer was invited to the party.那位作家兼歌手被邀請(qǐng)參加派對(duì)。(2)當(dāng) and 連接的名詞被 each, every 或 no 修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.剛才每位男生和女生都得到了一個(gè)蘋果。3當(dāng)主語后面跟有 with, witho

6、ut, together with, along with,except, besides, but, as well as, like, including 等介詞短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語保持一致(即就遠(yuǎn)原則)。如：The boy together with his parents works hard.那個(gè)男孩和他的父母一起努力工作。4動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Walking is good for our health.散步有利于我們的健康。5由不定代詞 either, neither, each, one, everyone, someone,anyon

7、e, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something,anything, nothing, everything 等作主語或修飾主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：Everybody is here.所有人都到齊了。意義一致原則1科目名稱 maths, physics, politics 等和 news 本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：I think physics is an interesting subject.我認(rèn)為物理是一門有趣的學(xué)科。2trousers, shoes, glasses, pants 等為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂

8、語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但當(dāng)它們前面有 pair of, kind of 等修飾時(shí)，則根據(jù) pair 和 kind 的單復(fù)數(shù)確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：His shoes are beautiful.他的鞋子很漂亮。This pair of trousers belongs to Tom.這條褲子屬于湯姆。3表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)格、金錢、重量等的短語作主語時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：Two months is quite a long time.兩個(gè)月是很長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間。4集體名詞如 family, class, group, team 等作主語表示整體時(shí)用單數(shù)，表示集體

9、中的具體成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。如：His family is a big family.他的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。His family are all the fans of Yao Ming.他的家人都是姚明的粉絲。5某些名詞如 people (people 指“民族”時(shí)除外), police 等，形式上是單數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The police are running after a thief.警察們正在追趕那個(gè)小偷。6 “the 形容詞”表示一類人和“the 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示夫婦或一家人作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The Smiths like watching

10、TV.史密斯一家人都喜歡看電視。7分?jǐn)?shù)、百分比及 some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of等后接單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：70% of the earth is covered with water.70%的地球表面被水覆蓋。60% of the teachers in our school are women.我們學(xué)校 60%的老師是女的。就近原則1在 there be 句型和以 here 開頭的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：There is a book and three

11、dictionaries on the desk.桌子上有一本書和三本字典。Here is Jim and his parents.這是吉姆和他的父母。2在 either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also, or, not.but.等結(jié)構(gòu)連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。()1.(2011 年廣東)David, there _ a dictionary andAsome books on your desk

12、.Please put them away.OK.Mum.Ill do it right away.AisBareChasDhave解析：there be 句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。()2.(2011 年廣東河源)The number of teachers in our school_ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in thisschool _ from the countryside.BAwas; isCwere; areBwas; areDwere; is解析：the number of 表示“的數(shù)量”，

13、謂語動(dòng)詞與主語 number 保持一致，用單數(shù)；“a number of復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“許多”，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。()3.(2011 年廣東茂名)Where _ my glasses? I cantfind them.BAisBareCwas解析：glasses 為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。()4.(2011 年 廣 東 深 圳 )He, together with his parents,B_ going to visit Shanghai in July.How about you?Im afraid I have to stay at home _.Aare; on my ow

14、nCis; by my ownBis; by myselfDare; on myself解析：介詞短語 together with 后的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和它前面的主語 he 保持一致，故 A、D 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；by oneselfon ones own 獨(dú)自。故選 B。()5.(2010 年廣東)Robert with his two kids _ to theBbeach for vacation every year.AgoCwentBgoesDare going解析：由 every year 可排除 C、D 選項(xiàng)；當(dāng)主語后跟有 with,along with, as well as 等介詞短語時(shí)，謂

15、語動(dòng)詞仍與前面的主語保持一致。主語 Robert 是第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。()6.(2010 年廣東梅州)_ of the land in that country_ covered with tree and grass.D解析：分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成原則是：分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)，分子大于一時(shí)，分母加-s；分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞是 land，為單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)。故選 D。ATwo five; isBTwo fifths; areCTwo five; areDTwo fifths; is()7.(2010 年廣東深圳)The number of the students in ourAclass _ fifty-six.How many of _ are girls?Ais; themCis; theyBare; themDare; they解析：the number of 意為“的數(shù)目”，后面用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞；of 是介詞，后接代詞賓格。故選 A。()8.(2010 年 廣 東 佛 山 )I asked for some more milk, butthere _ none left.CAareBwereCwas解析：none 指代 milk，是不可數(shù)名詞，故 there be 中的 be用單數(shù)。選 C。