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1、2012屆高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)精品屆高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件（湖北專用）：第課件（湖北專用）：第3模塊模塊 閱讀理解閱讀理解 專題專題5 文化型閱讀理文化型閱讀理解解專題導(dǎo)讀專題導(dǎo)讀專題五專題五 專題導(dǎo)讀專題導(dǎo)讀 文化類閱讀理解文章屬高考常選材料之一。這類文章常文化類閱讀理解文章屬高考常選材料之一。這類文章常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文學(xué)藝術(shù)、發(fā)明創(chuàng)造、涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文學(xué)藝術(shù)、發(fā)明創(chuàng)造、文化遺產(chǎn)保護、宗教與文化、風(fēng)俗與習(xí)慣、道德與法制、中文化遺產(chǎn)保護、宗教與文化、風(fēng)俗與習(xí)慣、道德與法制、中外文學(xué)名著節(jié)選、各國學(xué)校教育、家庭教育等等。這類材料外文學(xué)名著節(jié)選、各國學(xué)校教育、

2、家庭教育等等。這類材料的命題點往往落在主旨大意題、事實細節(jié)題上。在做這類閱的命題點往往落在主旨大意題、事實細節(jié)題上。在做這類閱讀理解題時，讀理解題時， 應(yīng)注意以下幾個方面：應(yīng)注意以下幾個方面： 專題五專題五 專題導(dǎo)讀專題導(dǎo)讀 1. 先題后文。先讀題目，先題后文。先讀題目， 再帶著問題讀文章。這類閱再帶著問題讀文章。這類閱讀理解文章相對來說事實細節(jié)題稍多一點，讀理解文章相對來說事實細節(jié)題稍多一點， 如果帶著問題如果帶著問題讀文章，讀文章， 有利于我們抓細節(jié)。有利于我們抓細節(jié)。 2. 先做細節(jié)題。因為做完了局部性的事實細節(jié)題后，先做細節(jié)題。因為做完了局部性的事實細節(jié)題后， 自然會加深我們對文章的理

3、解，自然會加深我們對文章的理解， 這樣更有利于做主旨大意這樣更有利于做主旨大意題。題。 3. 重點敲定主旨題。主旨大意題提問的形式主要有兩重點敲定主旨題。主旨大意題提問的形式主要有兩大類：一類是大類：一類是Main idea型；一類是型；一類是Topic或或Title型。型。真題典例真題典例專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例2011全國卷全國卷 The way we do things round here Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personn

4、el Department that started，“Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.”That “quite”saddened me.I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English “quite”sometimes means “very”

5、，while in British English it means “fairly”專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners，ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences

6、we see between cultures(文化文化) Some of these differences may be only on the surfacedress，food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with.Mostly，it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them，like the climate(氣候氣候)，while getting on with busine

7、ss.專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例Some of the differences may be an improvement.People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again.However，other differences can be troubling，like punctuality(準時準時)If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your g

8、uests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany，five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan,15 minutes afterwards in the UK，up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece.I prefer not to use the word “l(fā)ate” because there is nothing

9、wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例()1.The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought_.Athe American bank didnt think much of himBthe American bank might hire another personCits difficult to get used to

10、 American cultureDits easy to misunderstand Americans()2.The word“highlights”in Paragraph 2 probably means_.AencouragesBhelps to narrowCincreasesDdraws attention to專題五專題五 真題典例真題典例()3.According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?AAsk the native people for help.BUnderstand

11、and accept them.CDo things in our own way.DDo indepth research.()4.When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are_.AItalians BGermansCGreeks Dthe British專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 【要點綜述要點綜述】 作者以自己在美國的一次找工作的經(jīng)歷，作者以自己在美國的一次找工作的經(jīng)歷，說明了在國外工作了解外國文化差異的重要性。說明了在國外工作了解外國文化差異的重要性。1A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第三句話細節(jié)理解題。根

12、據(jù)第一段的第三句話That “quite”saddened me.和第四句話和第四句話I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”可知是可知是A。結(jié)合下面的解。結(jié)合下面的解釋釋American English “quite” 的意思，可知的意思，可知B“這家銀行打算這家銀行打算雇用另外一個人雇用另外一個人”錯誤。錯誤。C“難以習(xí)慣美國文化難以習(xí)慣美國文化”和和D“容易誤容易誤解美國人解美國人”與事實不符。與事實不符。

13、專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 2D詞義猜測題。從第二段的最后一句話畫線部分前詞義猜測題。從第二段的最后一句話畫線部分前面的面的The way people do things和后面的和后面的many of the differences we see between cultures可知這里的可知這里的highlights是是“吸引注意力吸引注意力”的意思。的意思。A項意為項意為“鼓勵鼓勵”，B項意為項意為“幫幫助縮小助縮小”，C項意為項意為“增加增加”，與語境不符。，與語境不符。3B細節(jié)理解題。從第三段的第二句話細節(jié)理解題。從第三段的第二句話Mostly，it is just a ques

14、tion of getting used to the differences and accepting them可知是可知是B。4B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第四句話細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第四句話your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany以及后面給出的各個國家的例子，可知是德國人最以及后面給出的各個國家的例子，可知是德國人最守時。守時。專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 (一一)Over the years Ive been teaching kids about a simple bu

15、t powerful spiritthe ant philosophy(哲學(xué)哲學(xué)). I think everybody should study ants. Ants have an amazing fourpart philosophy, and here is the first part：they never quit. Thats a good philosophy. If theyre headed somewhere and you try to stop them, theyll look for another way. Theyll climb over，theyll cl

16、imb under, and theyll climb around. They keep looking for another way. What a neat philosophy, to never quit looking for a way to get where theyre supposed to go.新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 Second, ants think winter all summer. Thats an important perspective(態(tài)度，態(tài)度， 觀點觀點). You cant be so naive (無知的無知的)as

17、 to think summer will last forever. So ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer. An ancient story says, “Dont build your house on the sand in summer.” It is important to think ahead. In summer, you have to think about the storm. You have to think about rocks as you enjoy the s

18、and and sun.The third part of the ant philosophy is that ants think summer all winter. That is so important. During the winter, ants remind themselves, “This wont last long；well soon be out of here.”And on the first warm day, the ants are out. If it turns cold again, theyll go back, but then they co

19、me out again if it is warm. They cant wait to get out.專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 And here is the last part of the ant philosophy. How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that he possibly can. What an incredible(難以置信的難以置信的)philosophy, the “allthatyoupossiblycan” philosophy.W

20、hat a great ant philosophy! Never give up, look ahead, stay active and do all you can.()1.If ants have trouble reaching somewhere, they will _. Agive up their effort at lastBlook for others helpC. wait for a chance to comeDget there in another way專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測()2.In Paragraph 3, people are advised

21、 _.Ato build their houses in winterBto gather some food in winterCto build the house on the sand in summerDto think about the storm in summer()3.The third part of the ant philosophy is_.Amore important than the other threeBto believe in yourself and think about no difficultyCto be active and make us

22、e of every opportunity Dthat we should know winter is longer than summer專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測()4.Which of the following shows the “allthatyoupossiblycan” philosophy? AWe should try our best to do what we can.BOne should think of what will happen in the future COne should get more pay for what he has done.

23、DWe should spend more time doing our work.專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 1D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“If theyre headed somewhere and you try to stop them, theyll look for another way.”可知，它們會尋找其他方法到達它們想去的地可知，它們會尋找其他方法到達它們想去的地方。方。2D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“In summer, you have to think about the storm.”可以確定答案?？梢源_定答案。3C

24、細節(jié)理解題。第四段中的細節(jié)理解題。第四段中的“During the winter，ants remind themselves，They cant wait to get out.”，以及作者在最后一段中所概括的以及作者在最后一段中所概括的“stay active”，表明螞蟻有，表明螞蟻有積極進取的精神。積極進取的精神。4A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句的“How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that he possibly can.”可知答案。

25、可知答案。專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測 (二二)Once, many years ago, I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming. Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she called me a hero.Th

26、at got me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero because I pulled a family from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someones life? 專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant. It read “a

27、 person who does something brave” and also “a person who is good and noble”That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave. So I thought about something very important. And I remembered what happened to me years ago.After my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition.

28、 I was within hours trying to get up enough courage to end the pain and misery. When I專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測returned home, someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend. That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, without even knowing_it,_sa

29、ved a life and became a hero.Many stories I kept writing in the following years saved the life of a teenage boy. In turn that makes the person who sent me the card a double hero. I suppose that is why I fight so hard to help the children now living in orphanages (孤兒院孤兒院). Most children come out of t

30、hese institutions with a very hard and bitter attitude against the world. The gifts we send them let them know that專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測they have not been forgotten. Hopefully, most of them will never hurt anyone because of the kindness shown to them by those of us who cared. If it works, we will also bec

31、ome “heroes”()1.The main idea of the passage is _.Awhy the writer should be a hero Bwhat a hero exactly is Cwhether the writer is a hero Dthat everyone is a hero 專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測()2.Why did the woman call the writer a hero at the end of the call?ABecause his story saved her sons life.BBecause he save

32、d a family from a burning car.CBecause he asked her son not to kill himself. DBecause he was cute and kind to everybody.()3.What does the underlined word “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph 5 refer to?AThe wonderful card the writer received.BThe action of sending the card.CThe fact that the sende

33、r helped the writer.DThe fact that the sender was a friend of the writer.專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測()4.According to the writer, who can be considered as a hero? AA person who is brave.BA person who writes wonderful stories.CA person who can hold a door for others.DA person who helps someone in trouble.專題五專題五 新

34、題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測1B主旨大意題。從第二段的開頭主旨大意題。從第二段的開頭“That got me thinking about what a hero is”到結(jié)束，作者都圍繞著到結(jié)束，作者都圍繞著“什什么是英雄么是英雄”這個話題，因此主旨大意應(yīng)該是這個話題，因此主旨大意應(yīng)該是B。2A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son

35、from committing suicide. In closing she called me a hero.”可知女士感激作者是因為他的故事阻止了可知女士感激作者是因為他的故事阻止了她兒子自殺，故可知答案。她兒子自殺，故可知答案。專題五專題五 新題預(yù)測新題預(yù)測3C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文那個美好的卡片救了作者詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文那個美好的卡片救了作者的命，盡管送卡片的人沒有意識到這一點可知，的命，盡管送卡片的人沒有意識到這一點可知，it應(yīng)該指代送應(yīng)該指代送卡片的人使作者獲救這件事。所以選卡片的人使作者獲救這件事。所以選C。4D推理判斷題。根據(jù)作者對推理判斷題。根據(jù)作者對hero的解釋，見義勇為的解釋，見義勇為的人是英雄，幫助那些需要幫助的人也是一種英雄，因此只有的人是英雄，幫助那些需要幫助的人也是一種英雄，因此只有D符合條件。符合條件。