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1、一二三四一、南極洲是地球上最遙遠(yuǎn)最孤獨(dú)的大陸,它嚴(yán)酷的奇寒和常年不化的冰雪,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)拒人類于千里之外。數(shù)百年來(lái),為征服南極洲,揭開(kāi)它的神秘面紗,數(shù)以千計(jì)的探險(xiǎn)家,前仆后繼奔向南極洲,表現(xiàn)出不畏艱險(xiǎn)和百折不撓的精神,創(chuàng)造了可歌可泣的業(yè)績(jī),為我們今天能夠認(rèn)識(shí)神秘的南極作出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。我們?cè)谛蕾p南極美麗景色的同時(shí),不會(huì)忘記對(duì)他們表示我們崇高的敬意。一二三四你心目中的南極洲又是什么樣的呢?請(qǐng)勾選出你對(duì)它的印象,并寫下你對(duì)它的更多的認(rèn)識(shí)。Its probably the coldest place on the Earth.It must be very beautiful.Its probably

2、flat and boring.The silence must be amazing.Its an extremely dangerous place.There cant be much wildlife there.答案:略一二三四二、從右欄中找出與左欄單詞對(duì)應(yīng)的英文釋義1.cheerfula.the ability to continue doing something for a long time without losing interest,especially something difficult2.distantb.something that you want to d

3、o very much,usually something that is difficult to achieve3.functionc.something that you hope to achieve4.patienced.behaving in a way that shows you are happy5.ambitione.far away from the place where you are6.goal f.to work or operate in the correct or normal way7.shockg.without hope8.hopelessh.to m

4、ake someone feel very surprised and upset,and unable to believe what has happened答案:1.d2.e3.f4.a5.b6.c7.h8.g一二三四三、短語(yǔ)互譯A.從文中找出下列短語(yǔ)并寫出它們的漢語(yǔ)意思1.fail to do sth. 2.spend.doing sth. 3.try to do sth. 4.meet the end with 5.go outside 6.have great difficulty doing sth. 7.make rapid progress 8.get slower and

5、slower 未能做某事 花費(fèi)做某事 試圖做某事 以結(jié)束 外出 做某事有很大困難 快速前進(jìn) 變得越來(lái)越慢 一二三四B.從文中找出與下列漢語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)的短語(yǔ)9.繼續(xù)做某事 10.在途中 11.用完,耗盡 12.損壞,不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) carry on on ones way run out of break down 一二三四四、閱讀課文The RACE to the POLE,回答下列問(wèn)題1.Who was the first to start the journey to Antarctic,Captain Scott or Roald Amundsen? And who was the first to

6、 leave?_2.What were the difficulties Captain Scotts team encountered(遭遇)?_ 3.Why did Captain Scotts team lose the goal of their ambition?_4. What made Captain Scott and his men into heroes?_Captain Scott was the first to start;Amundsen was the first to leave.His two sledges broke down,and then the h

7、orses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.Because Amundsen had arrived at the Pole before them.The extraordinary courage shown during the journey.1234567891.During the polar summer of 19101911,both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.在

8、1910年到1911年的極地夏天,兩隊(duì)人馬都在為來(lái)年的探險(xiǎn)做食物儲(chǔ)備?？键c(diǎn)preparation n. 準(zhǔn)備,籌備In preparation for the Olympic Games,he trains hard every day.為準(zhǔn)備奧運(yùn)會(huì),他每天都刻苦訓(xùn)練。123456789【高考典句】The family began making preparations immediately after one of the members saw the boat.在其中一名成員看到船只后,這個(gè)家庭就立刻開(kāi)始做準(zhǔn)備。The best preparation for tomorrow is

9、doing your best today.對(duì)明天最好的準(zhǔn)備就是今天做到最好。歸納:preparation表示“準(zhǔn)備”的抽象動(dòng)作時(shí)用作不可數(shù)名詞,可與介詞for連用,in preparation意為“在準(zhǔn)備中”,in preparation for意為“為做準(zhǔn)備”;表示“準(zhǔn)備/籌備”的具體工作時(shí)用作可數(shù)名詞,且常用復(fù)數(shù)形式,常用搭配為make preparations for,意為“為做準(zhǔn)備”。123456789活學(xué)活用語(yǔ)法填空(1)All the preparations the task have been completed,and were ready to start.完成句子(2)

10、He is practising every day, the ice-skating championship.他每天訓(xùn)練,為奪取滑冰冠軍做準(zhǔn)備。(3)Plans for the new school are now .興建新學(xué)校的計(jì)劃正在準(zhǔn)備中。for in preparation for in preparation 1234567892.First,his two sledges broke down,and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的兩輛雪橇壞了,

11、后來(lái)馬匹開(kāi)始應(yīng)付不了大雪和嚴(yán)寒的天氣?？键c(diǎn) break down 損壞,不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)The bus I took broke down halfway,so I was late.我乘坐的公共汽車在半路上壞了,所以我遲到了。Whenever the machines have been put in working order,theyll keep on doing the jobs they have been “told” to do until they are turned off or break down.機(jī)器每當(dāng)進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài),就會(huì)一直做著它們被要求做的工作,直到電路斷開(kāi)或壞了為止。

12、123456789考點(diǎn)延伸(1)閱讀下面的句子,體會(huì)break down的含義。Negotiations broke down after only two days.僅僅過(guò)了兩天談判就破裂了。含義:失敗;破裂Her health broke down under the pressure of work.她因工作壓力(大)身體垮掉了。含義:(身體)垮掉Police had to break down the door to get into the flat.警察不得不破門進(jìn)入公寓。含義:砸破123456789It takes a long time to break down prejud

13、ices.消除偏見(jiàn)需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。含義:消除The question can be broken down into two parts.這個(gè)問(wèn)題可以分成兩個(gè)部分。含義:劃分Food is broken down in the stomach.食物在胃部得到分解。含義:分解123456789(2)與break相關(guān)的其他重要短語(yǔ) 123456789活學(xué)活用完成句子(1)If our car ,we would have been here on time.如果我們的車沒(méi)有拋錨的話,我們就會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到這里了。(2)The firefighters had to to get into the burni

14、ng house.為了能進(jìn)入燃燒的房子,消防隊(duì)員不得不破門而入。翻譯下列句子(3)She broke down in tears when she heard the news._(4)The talks have broken down._had not broken down break down the door 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)那消息時(shí)她悲傷地流淚了。 會(huì)談已宣告失敗。 1234567893.They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.當(dāng)他們看到挪威國(guó)旗時(shí),感到非常震驚?？键c(diǎn) shock vt. 震驚,驚駭She knew how much

15、 the bad news would shock me.她知道那個(gè)壞消息會(huì)使我多么震驚。It shocked me to see how my neighbours treated their children.=I was shocked to see how my neighbours treated their children.看到我的鄰居們這樣對(duì)待他們的孩子讓我感到震驚。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸(1)派生詞:shocked adj. 震驚的,感到震驚的shocking adj. 令人震驚的,令人驚訝的They were shocked to hear of the bad new

16、s.他們聽(tīng)到這則壞消息很震驚?！靖呖嫉渚洹縎o scientists have come up with a shocking idea.所以科學(xué)家們提出了一個(gè)令人震驚的想法。(2)閱讀下面的句子,體會(huì)shock的詞性及含義。It was a shock to learn that hes badly ill.聽(tīng)說(shuō)他得了重病,真令人震驚。詞性 名詞含義 震驚123456789活學(xué)活用用shock的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)I was so at the performance that I didnt know how to describe it.(2)The house was left in a

17、 state.(3)Grandmother thought it for girls to wear jeans.shocked shocking shocking 1234567894.The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.隊(duì)員們很快就筋疲力盡了,食品也快吃完了?？键c(diǎn) run out of 用完,耗盡Do your homework before you run out of time.在你還有時(shí)間時(shí),做你的家庭作業(yè)吧。Its a city where everything is very expensive.We

18、ran out of all money within a week after our arrival.這是一個(gè)物價(jià)很高的城市。我們到這兒還不到一個(gè)星期,就花光了所有的錢。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸辨析run out of和run out:We ran out of petrol the other day.那天我們把汽油用光了。The petrol ran out the other day.那天汽油用光了。歸納:run out of用sb.作主語(yǔ);run out用sth.作主語(yǔ)。run out of為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);run out為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 1234567

19、89活學(xué)活用語(yǔ)法填空(1)Weve run out sugar.Ask Mrs Jones to lend us some.翻譯下列句子(2)Time is running out._(3)We have run out of fuel and food._of 時(shí)間快沒(méi)有了。 我們的燃料和食物已經(jīng)用完了。 1234567895.Scott started to realise their hopeless situation:“.we are very cheerful,but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.”斯科特開(kāi)始意

20、識(shí)到他們所處的絕境:“我們看上去都很愉快,但我能猜出大家心里的想法?！逼饰?不定式短語(yǔ)to realise.作started的賓語(yǔ);直接引語(yǔ)是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句,but后的分句是倒裝句,其中的賓語(yǔ)從句what each man feels in his heart位于主句I can only guess之前。123456789考點(diǎn)一 hopeless adj.沒(méi)有希望的If people feel hopeless,they dont bother to learn the skills they need to succeed.如果人們覺(jué)得沒(méi)有什么希望就不會(huì)費(fèi)心去學(xué)習(xí)他們要想成功所需要的技能。W

21、ith such bad weather conditions,the search for the missing boat will prove hopeless.在這樣惡劣的天氣條件下,搜索那條失蹤的小船肯定毫無(wú)希望。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸反義詞:hopeful adj. 充滿希望的Everyones feeling pretty hopeful about the future.大家都對(duì)未來(lái)充滿了希望。Im hopeful that we can find a solution.我相信我們能找到解決辦法。123456789考點(diǎn)二 cheerful adj. 愉快的,高興的Grand

22、parents life was hard,but Dick was always cheerful.祖父母的生活雖然艱苦,但迪克始終很快樂(lè)。Sarah pretended to be cheerful,saying nothing about the argument.薩拉假裝很快樂(lè),對(duì)爭(zhēng)論什么都沒(méi)說(shuō)?？键c(diǎn)延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會(huì)cheerfully的詞性和含義。She greeted him cheerfully.她愉快地跟他打招呼。詞性:副詞含義:愉快地123456789活學(xué)活用語(yǔ)法填空(1)The police were (hope) that they would find the

23、lost boy and so they did.(2)Your (cheer) appearance has relieved me of all my worry.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成句子(3)Dont get too h.We may not be able to go.(4)We tried to stop the flames,but we knew it was h.(5)Im making a real effort to be c despite everything.hopeful cheerful opeful opeless heerful 1234567896.La

24、ter,these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.后來(lái),這些石塊證實(shí),在遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去,南極洲曾經(jīng)被植被覆蓋?？键c(diǎn) distant adj. 久遠(yuǎn)的,遠(yuǎn)處的It happened in the distant past.此事發(fā)生在遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去。The airport is ten miles distant.機(jī)場(chǎng)離此地有十英里遠(yuǎn)。The village is rather distant from here.那個(gè)村子離這里還相當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)。歸納:distant既可以表

25、示時(shí)間的“久遠(yuǎn)”,也可以表示空間的“遠(yuǎn)”。它可以與介詞from搭配,表示“離遠(yuǎn)”。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會(huì)distance的含義。(1)They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.他們注視著火車,直到它消失在遠(yuǎn)方。含義:遠(yuǎn)處,遠(yuǎn)方(2)In ancient times,people rarely travelled long distances.在古時(shí)候,人們很少遠(yuǎn)行。含義:距離123456789活學(xué)活用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空(1)The airport is about ten miles dista

26、nt the city.(2)We suddenly saw her the distance.完成句子(3)The post office is from here.郵局離這里有五英里遠(yuǎn)。from in five miles distant 1234567897.function vi. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),起作用This machine has stopped functioning.這部機(jī)器壞了。If a poorly functioning but important oil-producing state were to fall apart,the economic effect would b

27、e global.如果一個(gè)重要的產(chǎn)油國(guó)因運(yùn)營(yíng)不良面臨瓦解,其經(jīng)濟(jì)上的影響將是全球性的。歸納:function是不及物動(dòng)詞,可與介詞as連用,表示“起作用,具有的功能”。123456789考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會(huì)function的詞性和含義。(1)Long term exercise can improve the function of the heart,blood,and muscles.長(zhǎng)期的鍛煉能改善心臟、血液及肌肉的功能。詞性:名詞含義:功能(2)The brain plays an important function:it controls the nervous syste

28、m of the body.大腦起非常重要的作用:它控制著全身的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。詞性:名詞含義:作用123456789活學(xué)活用根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成句子(1)The phone doesnt f at all.No wonder you couldnt get through.(2)This engine can f as a generator(發(fā)電機(jī)).unction unction 1234567898.patience n. 耐心She listened to his excuses with great patience.她極有耐心地聽(tīng)著他的借口。It will take time an

29、d patience to get these changes accepted.要使這些改變得到認(rèn)可需要時(shí)間和耐心。People have run out of patience with the slow pace of reform.人們對(duì)改革的緩慢速度已失去耐心。Im beginning to lose patience with you.我對(duì)你已漸漸失去耐心了。歸納:patience是不可數(shù)名詞。常用搭配有:with patience,表示“耐心地”;run out of/lose patience with sb./sth.,表示“對(duì)某人/某物失去耐心”。123456789 考點(diǎn)延

30、伸閱讀下面的句子,體會(huì)patient的詞性和含義。He was endlessly patient with the children.他對(duì)孩子們非常有耐心。詞性:形容詞含義:有耐心的活學(xué)活用語(yǔ)法填空(1)In the end I lost my (patient) and shouted at her.(2)I have run out of patience her.完成句子(3)Ill look into the matter as soon as possible;just .我將盡快調(diào)查此事;有耐心點(diǎn)。patience with have a little patience 1234

31、567899.Aims of exploration 探險(xiǎn)的目的考點(diǎn) aim n. 目標(biāo),目的It is very important to have a clear aim in view.有明確的目標(biāo)是十分重要的。The main aim of the course is to improve your writing.這門課程的主要目的是提高你們的寫作能力。She started the organisation with the aim of helping the local people.她創(chuàng)立這一組織的目的是幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝?。歸納:與aim相關(guān)的常用搭配aim of. 的目的with the aim of doing sth.帶著/帶有的目的123456789活學(xué)活用單句改錯(cuò)I started to learn English with the aim to become a teacher._to becomeof becoming