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Module3 Grammar Adverbialclauseoftime Grammar1 1 WhenitwasperformedinAmerica therewasanaudienceof100 000people 2 Whenhewasveryyoung Mozarthadalotofmusicaltalent 3 Whilehewasstillateenager hewasabigstar 4 Ashegrewolder hebegantogodeaf When isusedwhenthesentencesrefertoasingleeventinthepast When and while areusedwhenthesentencesrefertoaperiodoftimeinthepast As isusedwhenthesentencesrefertoaprogressivechange 1 Whentheclockstrucktwelve allthelightswentout 2 Heraisedhishatwhenhesawher 3 Whentwobodiesarerubbedtogether heatisproduced 4 Don tforgettoreturnthisbookforme whenyougotothelibrary 這三個連詞都可作 當(dāng) 的時候 解 但它們之間有一些細微的差別 1 when atorduringthetimethat 只表示一般的時間關(guān)系 它既可指時間的一點 apointoftime 也可指一段時間 aperiodoftime 用when時 從句的動作可與主句的動作同時發(fā)生 也可先于主句的動作 因此when用得最多 when while as 1 Strikewhiletheironishot 2 WhenwearrivedinBeijing itwasraining arrive不是延續(xù)性的動詞 3 Pleasedon ttalksoloudwhilepeopleareworking 2 while duringthetimethat 只能指一段時間 而不能指時間的一點 用while時 從句的動作或者與主句的動作同時發(fā)生 或者主句的動作是在從句的動作的進展過程中發(fā)生的 因此 從句中的謂語必須是表示延續(xù)性動作或狀態(tài)的動詞 這是while與when的主要差別 1 Woodgivesmuchsmokewhile itis burning 2 Hefellasleepwhile hewas studyinghisgrammarbook 3 WhileinLondon hestudiedmusic 4 When theyare heated metalsexpand 在用when和while連接的從句中 常省略與主句相同的主語和相應(yīng)的be 而在as連接的從句中一般則不省略 1 TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay whenshewillopenthenewhospital 2 Soonthewaterintheflaskwillboil whenyoumaypoursomecoldwateroverit 3 Somematerialsarewieldable whileothersarenot 4 Theenemyrotswitheverypassingday whileforusthingsaregettingbetterdaily when和while還可作并列連詞用 when作 那時 解 前面有逗號 不能用while代替 while表示對比 作 而 解 前面常有逗號 1 Katereadthebookasshewentalong 2 Asthecarmovedfasterandfaster itgainedmoreandmorekineticenergy 3 as atthesamemomentthat 往往可與when通用 但它著重指從句與主句的動作相伴隨發(fā)生 可譯成 一面 一面 隨著 as用得較多 如 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的其它表達 1 Assoonas immediately directly themoment theminute nosooner than hardly scarcely when once 表示 一 就 2 Till until not until 表示 直到 才 3 before表示 在 之前就 since 表示 自從 到現(xiàn)在為止 4 Everytime eachtime nexttime thefirsttime anytime allthetime 表示 每次 下一次 第一次 任何時候 總是 1 AreyoureadyforSpain Yes Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat theyareyoung 2008上海 A whileB untilC ifD before2 Iusedtolovethatfilm Iwasachild butIdon tfeelitthatwayanymore 2008遼寧 A onceB whenC sinceD although 實戰(zhàn)高考 3 theInternetisofgreathelp Idon tthinkit sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit 2008湖南 A IfB WhileC BecauseD As4 Thereweresomechairsleftover everyonehadsatdown 2008四川 A whenB untilC thatD where 5 Peterwassoexcited hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing 2009重慶 A whereB thatC whyD when6 Marymadecoffee herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal 2010全國卷I A sothatBalthoughC whileD asif 7 Justusethisroomforthetimebeing andwe llofferyoualargerone itbecomesavailable 2010安徽 A assoonasB unlessC asfarasD until8 volleyballishermainfocus she salsogreatatbasketball 2011北京 A SinceB OnceC UnlessD While Thepastperfecttense Grammar2 OthercomposershadwrittensymphoniesbeforeHaydn buthechangedthesymphonyintoalongpieceforalargeorchestra 2 Bythetimehewas14 Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord 3 Aftertheyhadknowneachotherformanyyears Beethovensaid Heisagoodcomposer buthehastaughtmenothing 4 Aftertheyhadbecomestarsintheirowncountry theBeatlestouredtheUnitedStates 5 BeforetheyvisitedIndia theyhadrecordedsevenalbums Thepastperfecttenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthathappenedbeforesomethingelseinthepast WiththeirhelpIrealizedthatIhadbeenwrong 2 過去某時以前發(fā)生的動作或情況Hehasn tfinishedyet Hedidn tfinishyesterdayevening Hehadn tfinishedbyyesterdayevening 1 過去發(fā)生的兩個動作 先發(fā)生的用過去完成時 3 常用過去完成時的情況 nosooner than hardly when Nosoonerhadhebegunhisspeechthanhewasinterrupted Ihadplannedtosendhimatelegram butIdidn tmanageit expect hope think want suppose等動詞的過去完成時表示想做而未做的事 4 使用過去完成時的必要性和非必要性 句意十分清楚時 可用一般過去時AfterIfinished Iwenthome 常用一般過去時表示依次發(fā)生的動作Igotoutofthetaxi paidthefare 車費 andmanagedit 有時必須明確 特別是含when時WhenIarrived Annleft 同時發(fā)生 見到Ann WhenIarrived Annhadleft 先后發(fā)生 沒見到 5 常用過去完成時的時間狀語比較 Bythetimehewas11 hehadlearned3000words Bythetimeheis11 hewillhavelearned3000words Bythetimelastweek Ihadlearned3000words Bythetimenextweek Iwillhavelearned3000words bytheendof 過去時間 by 過去時間bythetime 過去時 1 BeforeRingo join theBeatles he play drumsinanotherband 2 Beforethey tour America theBeatles become starsintheirowncountry Completethesesentenceswiththeverbsinbrackets joined hadplayed toured hadbecome 3 Beforethey record LetItBe theBeatles record elevenotheralbums 4 Afterthey record LetItBe theband splitup 5 Afterthegroup splitup alltheBeatles perform assoloartists recorded hadrecorded hadrecorded splitup hadsplitup performed 1 Unfortunately he attheshowafterI arrive leave 2 Bythetimewe arrive atthestadium theband begin playing Completethesesentenceswiththeverbsinbrackets hadleft arrived arrived hadbegun 3 Fortunately thepowercut happen afterthefans leave thestadium 4 Beforehe make hislatestalbum he record somesongswithPaulMcCartney happened hadleft made hadrecorded 1 Shehadsungasongtousbeforeshedanced 改否定句 2 Theybegantoclimbedthemountainaftertheyhadboughtallthefoodanddrink 改否定句 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 Shehadn tsungasongtousbeforeshedanced Theydidn tbegintoclimbthemountainaftertheyhadboughtallthefoodanddrink 3 Ihadsoldtheticketwhenshecame 改否定句 4 By10 00a m Ihadbeenveryhungry 改一般疑問 5 LucyhadalreadycompletedtheprojectwhenIarrived 改一般疑問 Ihadn tsoldtheticketwhenshecame Hadyoubeenveryhungryby10 00a m HadLucyalreadycompletedtheprojectwhenyouarrived 6 Bythetimehegottotheairport theplanehadtakenoff 改一般疑問 7 HehadbrokenhisarmwhenIsawhim 劃線部分提問 8 Whenhehadreadthenote heateit 對劃線部分提問 Hadtheplanetakenoffbythetimehegottotheairport Whathadhappenedtohimwhenyousawhim Whatdidhedowithitwhenhehadreadthenote Thehotelwasn tparticularlygood ButI inmanyworsehotels 2008北京 A wasstayingB stayedC wouldstayD hadstayed 實戰(zhàn)高考 2 Wefirstmetonatrainin2000 Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe eachotherforyears 2008遼寧 A knewB haveknownC hadknownD know3 ThemomentIgothome IfoundI myjacketontheplayground 2008陜西 A hadleftB leftC haveleftD wasleaving 4 Marywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime butallthetickets out 2009上海 A wouldsellB hadsoldC havesoldD wasselling5 Johnwasgiventhesamesuitcasehisfatherandgrandfather withthemtoschool 2009北京 A tookB hadtakenC weretakingD wouldtake 6 Canyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm NO I thebook soIalreadyknewthestory 2010安徽卷 A wasreadingB hadreadC amreadingD haveread7 IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey forme 2010北京 A haddoneB didC woulddoD weredoing 8 BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland hisson fromcollege 2011遼寧 A graduatedB hasgraduatedC hadbeenD hadgraduated9 Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty thechild everything 2011山東 A hadbeeneatingB hadeatenC haveeatenD havebeeneating Thankyou