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1、第二篇中考專題探究第二篇中考專題探究專題探究五閱讀理解 考試題型一閱讀所給材料，選擇正確答案 命題導(dǎo)向：閱讀理解題主要測(cè)試考生的語言知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用、邏輯思維、判斷推理及捕捉信息方面的能力，涉及的內(nèi)容廣泛，包括人物傳記、政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、天文史地、社會(huì)文化、科普小品、風(fēng)土人情、幽默故事及日常生活等。體裁多樣，其中包括記敘文、說明文、應(yīng)用文、議論文，以及新聞報(bào)道、廣告、圖表等。出題角度有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞句理解、推理判斷、歸納概括等。1 解題技巧： 1鞏固、擴(kuò)大并活用詞匯(包括詞組、短語和構(gòu)詞法)，夯實(shí)語言基礎(chǔ)。 2弄清原文、題干、正確答案項(xiàng)和干擾項(xiàng)之間的關(guān)系，切實(shí)提高實(shí)際解決問題的能力。 3注意積累生活素材及英

2、語國家的文化背景、人情風(fēng)俗、生活方式等知識(shí)。 4重視培養(yǎng)正確的閱讀習(xí)慣，加強(qiáng)鍛煉閱讀技巧。 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2 .閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。 When my family moved to America in 2010 from a small village in Guangdong，China，we brought not only our luggage，but also our village rules，customs and culture.One of the rules is that young people should always respect(尊敬) elders.Unlu

3、ckily，this rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States.I had a part-time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant.One time，when I was serving food to a middle-aged couple，the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly.I told her that I had made sure they got their food qui

4、ckly because I always respect the elderly.As soon as I said that，her face showed great displeasure.My manager，took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive(敏感的) Americans are and how they dislike the description “old”3I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife.After th

5、e couple heard my reason，they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences，so they laughed and were no longer angry.In my village in China，people are proud of being old.Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty，and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and expe

6、rience.Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.However，in the United States，people think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well.Here many people try to keep themse

7、lves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging，and women put on makeup，hoping to look young.4When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly，they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young.I had told them something they didnt want to hear.A

8、fter that，I changed the way I had been with older people.It is not that I dont respect them any more.I still respect them，but now I dont show my feelings through words.By Jack()1.Jack brought the couple their food very fast because_Athe manager asked him to do soBhe respected the elderlyCthe couple

9、wanted him to do soB5 ()2.When Jack called the couple “elderly”，they became _. AnervousBsatisfiedCunhappy ()3.In Jacks hometown，_. Apeople dislike being called “old” Bpeople are proud of being old Cthe elderly are the first to get food in restaurantsCB6 ()4.After this experience，Jack _. Achanged his

10、 way with older people Bmade friends with the couple Cno longer respected the elderly ()5.Which of the following is TRUE? AThe more Jack explained，the angrier the couple got. BJack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience. CFrom this experience，Jack learned more about American

11、culture.AC7 .閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。 “I sometimes get up at three or four in the morning and I surf the net.” “I often check my e-mail forty times a day.” “I often spend more than three hours during one time on the net.” “I spend more time in chat rooms(聊天室) than with my reallife friends.” Do you know any peop

12、le like these? They are part of a new addiction(癮) called Internet addiction.Internet addicts spend at least thirty to forty hours online every week.The use of the Internet can be an addiction like drug(毒品) use.People lose control(控制) of the time they spend on the Internet For example，one college st

13、udent was missing for several days.His friends were worried，and they called the police.The police found the student in the computer lab：he was surfing the net for several days straight.8 Studies show that about 6% to 10% of Internet users become addicted.And people worry about the teens because the

14、Internet is changing the playing field for some of them.They spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family. Is “surfing the net” a hobby or an addiction for you? You may have a problem if you have these symptoms(癥狀)： You do not go to important family activities or you do

15、 not do school work because you like to spend hours on the Internet. You cant wait for your next online time. You plan to spend a short time online，but then you spend several hours. You go out with your friends less and less.9 ()1.What does the beginning of the passage tell us? AHow to become an Int

16、ernet addict. BWhat an Internet addict usually does. CWhere to find an Internet addict. ()2.How does the writer describe the addicts use of Internet? AIt is something like keeping drugs. BIt is a way of producing drugs. CIt is like taking drugs.BC10 ()3.Why do people worry about the teens? AThe teen

17、s are wasting too much money. BMore and more of the teens will become addicted to the Internet. CThe playing field of the teens will disappear. ()4.The example in the passage shows that _. AInternet problems are more serious among college students BInternet addicts usually stay in the computer lab w

18、ithout sleep CSome of the Internet users have already been seriously addictedBC11 ()5.What is the writer trying to tell us at the end of the passage? ADont be addicted to the Internet. BGo to family activities more often. CStay with your parents as often as possible.A12 .閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。 Li Ruyan,13，and

19、 his classmates in Shanghai did something special last summer. They worked in groups with traffic police at different crossroads in the city. Holding small red flags, the students helped keep order and stopped people from jaywalking(亂穿馬路) As part of the school project, Lis school has encouraged its

20、students to do more community(社區(qū))work. After the half day of exhausting work, Li told himself not to jaywalk anymore. “I think through community work we get to help others and, more importantly, we grow a sense of responsibility(責(zé)任感)，” he said.13 Community service is an important part of education f

21、or teenagers around the world. In the US and Canada, high school students need to finish 40 hours of community service before graduation. For those Americans who have finished 1,400 hours of community work, they can be awarded nearly $ 5, 000(33, 000 yuan) Chinese students today do more community wo

22、rk, too. For example, starting from 2010, Sichuan high school students have been asked to do 10 days of community work. It will become part of their school grade. Qian Lijun, 16, and her classmates in Suzhou, Jiangsu went to a local elder care home this winter. They put Spring Festival couplets (對(duì)聯(lián))

23、 on the walls and cheered up the people living there.14 Li Xiaotian, 15, of Anshan said he used to clear flyers (小廣告) from electric wire poles (電線桿) with his classmates. They brought tools, towels and buckets and worked for three hours in the summer sun. “It was tiring, but seeing the clean poles wi

24、thout ugly ads，we really felt proud，” he said. ()1.What was the special thing Li Ruyan did last summer? A. He stopped people from talking. B. He became a policeman. C. He helped the traffic police at crossroads.C15 ()2.From this passage we know that_. A. Li Ruyan and his classmates think it is good

25、for them to do some community work B. Li Ruyan and his classmates do some community work every day C. Li Ruyan and his classmates often hold small flags when they cross the roads ()3.Community service_. A. has become a very important part of education only in China B. is very important in school edu

26、cation in some foreign countries C. is the only part of the school project for teenagers around the worldAB16 ()4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The students in Shanghai helped people to keep the traffic rules. B. The students in Suzhou visited the old peoples home.

27、C. The students in Sichuan sent Spring Festival couplets to the old people. ()5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Community service helps students grow a sense of responsibility. B. Students will be awarded much money for doing more community work in Canada and the US.

28、C. Through community work students get to help others and learn something.CB17 .閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。 Recently, I asked some of my American friends what Chinese people are like. They used the words such as smart, hard-working, serious, conservative (保守的) and “a little bit like robots”. They also said Chinese

29、 was the most difficult language to learn. To me, these sounded like stereotypes(成見) First of all, not all Chinese people have high IQs. Chinese students are hardworking and do well in American schools, so many Americans think Chinese people are smart. But scientists say there is no connection betwe

30、en race(種族)and intelligence(智力)18 Second，not all Chinese people are conservative. If you walk down a Chinese street, youll see that people dont all wear dark colors and long sleeves(袖子)These days, more and more Chinese people like to wear clothes that show their personalities(個(gè)性) Third, Chinese peop

31、le are not serious and not like robots outside work or school. They are active. They have many hobbies and do many activities. They live a colorful life. Last, Chinese isnt the most difficult language to learn in the world. In fact, the grammar of Chinese is easier than that in many languages. Also,

32、 there are 50,000 characters(漢字) in Chinese, but knowing 2,000 to 3,000 words is enough to read newspapers and books. ()1.Usually Americans dont think Chinese people are. AActiveBhard-workingCseriousA19 ()2.In the writers opinion, Chinese students do well in American schools because_. Athey have hig

33、h Iqs Bthey are richCthey are hardworking ()3.Now more and more Chinese people_. Aare out of styleBare in styleCwear dark clothes ()4.After work or school, Chinese people_. Aonly do houseworkBdo what they likeCare a bit like robots ()5.Which language do Americans think is the most difficult? AChines

34、e.BEnglish.CGerman.CBBA20 考試題型二任務(wù)型閱讀 命題導(dǎo)向：任務(wù)型閱讀是介于傳統(tǒng)閱讀理解和寫作之間的題型。不僅考查考生的閱讀理解能力、推理判斷、整合信息的能力，而且還考查學(xué)生的書面表達(dá)能力，能較好地考查考生的語言綜合應(yīng)用能力。任務(wù)型閱讀題材廣泛，體裁多樣，其中包括記敘文、說明文、應(yīng)用文、議論文，以及新聞報(bào)道、廣告、圖表等。其選材融知識(shí)性、教育性和趣味性為一體，文章新穎、貼近生活。21 解題技巧： 1明確任務(wù)，關(guān)注題后要求。 2答題時(shí)注意句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)的變化，要做到語法正確、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)使用恰當(dāng)、拼寫無誤、書寫規(guī)范等。 3對(duì)照原文，作答適當(dāng)修改。 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練22 .

35、閱讀所給材料，回答問題或翻譯句子。 .Sydney is a young city.Its history goes back just over 200 years.(1)但在澳大利亞它是最古老的城市。_It is also the countrys largest city.Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and the most populous(人口稠密的) city of Australia. The climate(氣候) of Sydney is very good.Its not too cold during the wint

36、er and not too hot during the summer.The sky is blue，the air is fresh(清新的)，birds sing in the garden.People who live in Sydney seem to have an easy life style.They will tell you，“Dont worry.”23 Many people think that Sydney is one of the most attractive cities in the world.It has many tall and modern

37、 buildings.Among them，Centrepoint Tower is the tallest.Standing on the 305-metre(80 storeys) tower，you will have a great view(視野) of the city. Sydney is famous for its deep harbor(港口)The harbor has many bays(灣) and beautiful surf beaches.Among them，Bondi beach is the most popular.Sydney Harbor is no

38、t only beautiful，it also serves as a large port.Ships carry wool，wheat and meat from Sydney to other countries. People living in Sydney like to call themselves Sydneysiders.They are mostly friendly and easygoing.When they are not working，they love to have a good time at the beach，swimming and sailin

39、g.24 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問題。 1How old is Sydney? _ 2How is the climate of Sydney? _ 3What is Sydney famous for? _Its just over 200 years old.Its not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer.Its verygood.Sydney is famous for its deep harbor.25 4把(1)句翻譯成英語。 _ 5把(2)句翻譯成漢語。 _But in Australia，

40、it is the oldest city.生活在悉尼的人似乎有著一種簡單(隨意)的生活方式。26 .閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容回答問題。 Annie lived alone in Chicago. One day, she fell down in her bedroom and broke her leg. So she tried to call her friend Lisa. But she dialed(撥打) a wrong number. The call reached Taylor, an 18-year-old girl. She was a college stude

41、nt and she lived hundreds of miles away from Chicago. At that time Taylor was reading in bed. (1)她以為有人在開玩笑。(2)When she was going to hang up the phone, she heard a woman saying “Help! Help！” From it Taylor thought something bad must have happened to the woman. After she got the womans name and addres

42、s, Taylor called 911 at once. Then she tried to make Annie feel comfortable.She spoke to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrived at Annies house. At last Annie was taken to hospital in time. As soon as Annie felt better, she wrote a letter to Taylor to thank her.27 1. Who answered the telephone?

43、 _ 2How did Taylor help Annie? _ _ 3Why did Annie write the letter to Taylor? _ 4將短文中劃線句子(1)翻譯成英語。 _ 5將短文中劃線句子(2)翻譯成漢語。 _Taylor.Taylor/She called 911 (and spoke to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrivedat Annies house)/By calling 911.Because she wanted to thank her./To thank her. She thought it

44、 was somebody playing a joke. 當(dāng)她正要掛電話時(shí)，她聽到一位婦女在喊“救命??！救命?。　?8 .英漢互譯 閱讀下面的短文，將劃線部分的句子譯成漢語或英語。 Thanksgiving Day was coming soon. (11)Miss Green gave her students special homework.“Please draw a picture to show your thanks，” said Miss Green. Most students drew a turkey(火雞) or other traditional things. B

45、ut Douglas, a shy boy, drew a different thing. (12)他僅僅畫了一只手。 His classmates were surprised at his picture. One child said, “It must be a farmers hand, because farmers keep turkeys.” Others guessed it was his fathers hand. (13)因?yàn)樗液芨F， his father had to work day and night for money. (14)Miss Green ask

46、ed the little boy whose hand it was. He answered, “Its yours. You often take me by the hand to play outside and teach me how to hold a pencil.” Oh, (15)the boy was showing his thanks to his teacher. Miss Green was moved and hugged(擁抱) the little boy.29 1_ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _格林老師(小姐)給她的學(xué)生布置了特殊的作業(yè)。He only drew a /one hand./He drew only a/one hand.Because/As his family was very poor.格林老師(小姐)問小男孩那是誰的手。那個(gè)男孩在向老師表達(dá)他的感謝。30