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1、 2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷(英語(yǔ)) 第Ⅰ卷 第二部分　英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分) 第一節(jié)　單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分) 從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants. A．however　　　　　　B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever 答案是B。 21．A17 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] —Which one of these do you want? —

2、________. Either will do. A．I don't mind B．I'm sure C．No problem D．Go ahead 21．A　考查情景對(duì)話。I don't mind.我不介意； I'm sure.我確信；No problem.沒(méi)問(wèn)題；Go ahead.繼續(xù)做。句意：“你想要這些中的哪一個(gè)？”“我不介意。任何一個(gè)都行?！? 22．A3 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] Sarah looked at ________ finished painting with ________ satisfaction. A．不填； a B．a(chǎn); the C．t

3、he; 不填 D．the; a 22．C　考查冠詞的用法。第一空特指“已經(jīng)畫(huà)完的畫(huà)”；第二空考查介詞短語(yǔ)with satisfaction意為“滿(mǎn)意地”，作狀語(yǔ)。此處satisfaction為抽象名詞，在此短語(yǔ)中不用冠詞。句意：薩拉滿(mǎn)意地看著那幅已畫(huà)完的畫(huà)。 23. A11 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] “Life is like walking in the snow”， Granny used to say, “because every step ________．” A．has shown B．is showing C．shows D．showed 23．C　考查動(dòng)詞的

4、時(shí)態(tài)。此處是奶奶過(guò)去常常說(shuō)的一句話，這里是直接引語(yǔ)，句子的內(nèi)容是生活哲理，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：奶奶過(guò)去常常說(shuō)：“生活就像在雪中行走，因?yàn)槊恳徊蕉伎吹靡?jiàn)。” 24．A13 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] It is by no means clear________ the president can do to end the strike. A．how　　B．which　 C．that　　D．what 24．D　考查主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。此處It是形式主語(yǔ)，what引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，作真正的主語(yǔ)，what在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。句意：總統(tǒng)采取什么行動(dòng)結(jié)束這次罷工一點(diǎn)兒也不清楚。 25

5、. A14 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] I don't believe we've met before, ________ I must say you do look familiar. A．therefore B．a(chǎn)lthough C．since D．unless 25．B　考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。句意：盡管我得說(shuō)你確實(shí)看起來(lái)面熟，但我相信我們以前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)面。根據(jù)句意只有although符合題意。 26. A4 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] The result is not very important to us, but

6、 if we do win, then so much ________． A．the best B．best C．better D．the better 26．D　考查形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法。此處so much the better是固定短語(yǔ)，意為：那就更好了。句意：這結(jié)果對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)不是很重要，但如果我們真的贏了，那就更好了。 27．A8 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can ________ almost ever

7、y word her teacher says. A．put out B．put down C．put away D．put together 27．B　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。put out熄滅； put down記下，寫(xiě)下；put away收拾，把東西放好；put together放在一起。句意：瑪麗非常擅長(zhǎng)在課上記筆記。她幾乎能把老師說(shuō)的每個(gè)詞都寫(xiě)下來(lái)。 28．A16 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] The party will be held in the garden, weather ________． A．permit

8、ting B．to permit C．permitted D．permit 28．A　考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。此處主句的主語(yǔ)The party 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，weather與permit之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：如果天氣允許，聚會(huì)將在花園舉行。 29．A4 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] This restaurant wasn't ________ that other restaurant we went to. A．half as good as B．a(chǎn)s half good as

9、 C．a(chǎn)s good as half D．good as half as 29．A　考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的句型。在as…as…句型中，倍數(shù)放在第一個(gè)as的前面，故A正確。句意：這家飯店不及我們?nèi)ミ^(guò)的另一家的一半好。 30．A10 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't 30．D　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。此處“n

10、eedn't＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示：沒(méi)有必要做某事。句意：我沒(méi)有必要用鬧鐘叫醒自己，因?yàn)槊刻煸缟狭c(diǎn)火車(chē)都經(jīng)過(guò)我的房子。 31．A2 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but ________ of them wants to, because they have work to do. A．either B．a(chǎn)ny C．neither D．none 31．C　考查代詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知，Bill和Peter是兩個(gè)人，所以其否定形式用neither。句意：拉里請(qǐng)求比爾和彼得一起和他

11、去野餐，但他們兩個(gè)都不想去，因?yàn)樗麄円ぷ鳌? 32．A9 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ such art forms as music and painting. A．having compared to B．comparing to C．compare to D．compared to 32．D　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。此處是被省略的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其相當(dāng)于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and pai

12、nting. 這里film和compare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。又因?yàn)閺木渲髡Z(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致，所以film和is被省略。句意：電影的歷史短得多，尤其是當(dāng)它和像音樂(lè)和繪畫(huà)這樣的藝術(shù)形式相比時(shí)。 33．A11 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers ________ before my eyes. A．swim B．swum C．swam D．had swum 33．C　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)榍鞍刖溆昧诉^(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，所以后半句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，只有這樣才能具

13、備“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”的條件。句意：我一整個(gè)下午都在做數(shù)學(xué)題，那些數(shù)字在我的眼前晃動(dòng)。 34．A6 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] You have to move out of the way ________ the truck cannot get past you. A．so B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．but 34．B　考查并列連詞。此處or意為“否則”。句意：你必須躲開(kāi)，否則卡車(chē)過(guò)不去。 35．A7 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will ________ her. A．persua

14、de B．promise C．invite D．support 35．A　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。persuade說(shuō)服；promise許諾；invite 邀請(qǐng)； support支持。句意：如果她不想去，你說(shuō)什么都不能說(shuō)服她。根據(jù)句意選A。 第二節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分) B4 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Body language is the quiet, secret and most

15、powerful language of all! It speaks __36__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __37__ than we realize. In fact, non-verbal (非言語(yǔ)) communication takes up about 50% of what we really __38__. And body language is particularly __39__ when we attempt to communicate a

16、cross cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __40__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __41__， different societies treat the __42__ between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __43__

17、contact (接觸) even with friends, and certainly not with __44__. People from Latin American countries, __45__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in __46__， it may look like a Latino is __47__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, wi

18、ll keep moving __48__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __49__ —which the Latino will in return regard as __50__． Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __51__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __52__

19、 cultures, there's a strong possibility of __53__ . But whatever the situation, the best __54__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be __55__． 36．A.straighter B．louder　C．harder　D．further 37．A.sounds B．invitations C．feelings D．messages 38．A.hope B．receive

20、 C．discover D．mean 39．A.immediate B．misleading C．important D．difficult 40．A.well B．far C．much D．long 41．A.For example B．Thus C．However D．In short 42．A.trade B．distance C．connections D．greetings 43．A.eye B．verbal C．bodily D．telephone 44．A.strangers B．relatives C．neighbours D．

21、enemies 45．A.in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 46．A.trouble B．conversation C．silence D．experiment 47．A.disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 48．A.closer B．faster C．in D．a(chǎn)way 49．A.stepping forward B．going on C．

22、backing away D．coming out 50．A.weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness 51．A.talk B．travel C．laugh D．think 52．A.different B．European C．Latino D．rich 53．A.curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness 54．A.chance B．time

23、 C．result D．a(chǎn)dvice 55．A.noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者認(rèn)為身勢(shì)語(yǔ)比言辭更有效，而身勢(shì)語(yǔ)卻常常被人們忽略。在進(jìn)行跨文化交流的過(guò)程中，身勢(shì)語(yǔ)尤為重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人為例進(jìn)行了闡述。最后作者指出：不管什么情況，最好的建議是：對(duì)待別人像你希望被對(duì)待的那樣。(你想別人怎么對(duì)待你，你就怎樣對(duì)待別人。) 36. B　考查副詞的比較級(jí)及語(yǔ)境理解。身勢(shì)語(yǔ)比語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的意思更響亮，更清楚。此處lou

24、der意為：聲音更大，即更有說(shuō)服力。如：諺語(yǔ)Facts speak louder than words.(事實(shí)勝于雄辯。) 37. D　考查名詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。據(jù)專(zhuān)家稱(chēng)：我們的身體發(fā)出比我們意識(shí)到的更多的信息。sound聲音；invitation邀請(qǐng)；feeling感覺(jué)；message信息。 38. D　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。實(shí)際上，非語(yǔ)言交際約占據(jù)了我們真正想表達(dá)的意思的50%的分量。hope希望；receive接收；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；mean意思是。 39. C　考查形容詞詞義辨析。當(dāng)我們進(jìn)行跨文化交流時(shí)，身勢(shì)語(yǔ)顯得尤為重要。immediate立刻的； misleadi

25、ng 誤導(dǎo)的；important重要的；difficult困難的。 40. C　考查形容詞的用法。事實(shí)上，身勢(shì)語(yǔ)是常常被我們忽略的很多的一部分。 41. A　考查語(yǔ)境理解。下文中以拉丁美洲人和挪威人為例，說(shuō)明不同的社會(huì)群體對(duì)待距離的態(tài)度是不同的。 42. B　考查名詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。不同的社會(huì)群體對(duì)待人們之間接觸的距離是不同的。trade交易； distance 距離； connection聯(lián)系；greeting問(wèn)候。 43. C　考查語(yǔ)境理解。即使是朋友，北歐人通常也不喜歡身體的接觸，當(dāng)然更不用說(shuō)陌生人。eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辭的； bodily身體的；teleph

26、one電話。 44. A　考查名詞詞義辨析。北歐人通常不喜歡身體的接觸，即使是朋友，當(dāng)然更不用說(shuō)陌生人。stranger陌生人；relative親戚；neighbour鄰居；enemy敵人。 45. B　考查介詞短語(yǔ)的含義及語(yǔ)境理解。on the other hand然而，在另一方面。然而，拉丁美洲國(guó)家的人們相互接觸的就很多。 46. B　考查名詞詞義辨析。在對(duì)話過(guò)程中，拉丁人跟著挪威人滿(mǎn)屋子轉(zhuǎn)是可能的。trouble 麻煩；conversation對(duì)話； silence 沉默；experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。 47. D　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。在對(duì)話過(guò)程中，拉丁人跟著(followi

27、ng)挪威人滿(mǎn)屋子轉(zhuǎn)是可能的。此處follow意為：跟著……走。 48. A　考查語(yǔ)境理解。拉丁人靠得更近表示友好。 49. C　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的含義及語(yǔ)境理解。挪威人將不斷地后退。step forward前進(jìn)； go on 繼續(xù)；back away后退；come out出來(lái)。 50. D　考查名詞詞義辨析。拉丁人反過(guò)來(lái)認(rèn)為他們很冷淡。weakness虛弱； carelessness粗心；friendliness 友誼；coldness冷淡。 51. A　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。很顯然，當(dāng)人們談話時(shí)，許多東西都在進(jìn)行。 52. A　考查形容詞詞義辨析。當(dāng)我們的伙伴來(lái)自于不同的文化背景時(shí)，產(chǎn)生

28、誤解的可能性就會(huì)很大。 53．C　考查名詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。當(dāng)我們的伙伴來(lái)自于不同的文化背景時(shí)，產(chǎn)生誤解的可能性就會(huì)很大。 54. D　考查名詞詞義辨析。不管什么樣的情景，最好的建議是遵守這樣的黃金規(guī)則：對(duì)待別人像你希望被對(duì)待的那樣。 55. B　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。不管什么樣的情景，最好的建議是遵守這樣的黃金規(guī)則：對(duì)待別人像你希望被對(duì)待的那樣。(你想別人怎樣對(duì)待你，你就怎樣對(duì)待別人。) 第三部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分) 第一節(jié)　(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 C4 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷]

29、 A Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places： ·Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making hand-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(簽名) by children's favorite

30、writers, and even musical performances and other arts. ·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any spec

31、ial events that are coming up. ·Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet (木偶) making and stage make-up are just a coupl

32、e of the special offerings you might find. ·Try hands-on__science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing butto

33、ns, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums. 56．If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit ________． A．a(chǎn) Youtheater B．a(chǎn)n art museum C．a(chǎn) natural history museum D．a(chǎn) hands-on science museum 57．What

34、 can kids do at a Youtheater? A．Look at rock collections. B．See dinosaur models. C．Watch puppet making. D．Give performances. 58．What does “hands-on science” mean in the last paragraph? A．Science games designed by kids. B．Learning science by doing things. C．A show

35、of kids' science work. D．Reading science books. 59．Where does this text probably come from? A．A science textbook. B．A tourist map. C．A museum guide. D．A news report. 【要點(diǎn)綜述】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了4則關(guān)于博物館信息的廣告。第一則：藝術(shù)博物館；第二則：自然歷史博物館；第三則：木偶劇院；第四則：自己動(dòng)手科學(xué)博物館。 56．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。如果孩子對(duì)宇宙感興趣，那你就得帶孩

36、子去“自然歷史博物館”。宇宙的內(nèi)容是自然歷史博物館的一部分。根據(jù)第二則廣告中的“This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky.”可知C正確。 57. C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告中的“Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.”可知C正確。 58. B　詞義猜測(cè)題。

37、根據(jù)文章中最后一則廣告中的“They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building.”可知在這種博物館中，孩子們通過(guò)按按鈕、做實(shí)驗(yàn)和建東西去體驗(yàn)。所以B正確。 59. C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第一句話“Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places：

38、”和四則廣告全是有關(guān)博物館的內(nèi)容可知，這是一則博物館廣告介紹，所以這取材于博物館指南。 C8 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] B Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the ho

39、ney from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper—a little bird called a honey guide. The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the w

40、ax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees' nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it fl

41、ies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the__follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the g

42、round, and this is when the honey guide takes its share. Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is takin

43、g honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit. 60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest? A. It's small in size. B. It's hidden in trees. C. It's covered with wax. D. It's hard to recognize. 61. What do the words “the follower

44、” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A bee.　　　　　　　　 B. A bird. C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper. 62. The honey guide is special in the way ________． A. it gets its food B. it goes to church C. it sings in the forest D. it reaches into bees' nests 63. What can be the

45、 best title for the text? A. Wild Bees B. Wax and Honey C. Beekeeping in Africa D. Honey-Lover's Helper 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了honey-lover's helper獨(dú)特的掠食方式，它幫助人和動(dòng)物找到蜂蜜，待到他們吃掉蜂蜜后，它再吃蜂蠟。科學(xué)家們對(duì)此也感到迷惑不解。 60. B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段 “Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult t

46、o find them.”可知B正確。 61. C　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段“In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper—a little bird called a honey guide.”可推知：跟在honey guide后面的是people and animals，而他們統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為honey seeker(尋找蜂蜜的人或動(dòng)物們)。 62. A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Scientists do not know why

47、 the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it.”科學(xué)家們都不知道為什么honey guide對(duì)蜂蠟感興趣，當(dāng)然它們獲得蜂蠟的方式也更加特別。 63. D　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章通篇都在敘述有關(guān)honey-lover's helper的事情，第一段通過(guò)敘述引出honey-lover's helper這一中心詞；第二段敘述honey-lover's helper獲取蜂蠟的過(guò)程；第三段科學(xué)家們對(duì)honey-lover's helper的掠食方式感到迷惑。 C2 [201

48、2·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] C About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio (影棚) to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things. We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen pr

49、epared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio,

50、it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in “snow”. Two more fans were turned on, and a “strong wind” blew through the trees. The picture loo

51、ked so real that it made us feel cold. The next scene was a complete contrast (對(duì)比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual.Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the wate

52、r's edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio! Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the exc

53、itement of being film “stars”！ 64. Who is the author? A. A cameraman. B. A film director. C. A crowd-scene actor. D. A workman for scene setting. 65. What made the author feel cold? A. The heavy snowfall. B. The man-made scene. C. The low temperature. D. The fil

54、m being shown. 66. What would happen in the “three minutes” mentioned in the last paragraph? A. A new scene would be filmed. B. More stars would act in the film. C. The author would leave the studio. D. The next scene would be prepared. 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述自己作為群眾演員的一次經(jīng)歷。 64. C　

55、細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的第一段“About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our ‘a(chǎn)ct’ would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.”可知作者是群眾演員。所以C正確。 65. B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“A big fan began blowi

56、ng tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in ‘snow’. Two more fans were turned on, and a ‘strong wind’ blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.”可知這里的picture即是the man-made scene。 66. A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“For a full three minutes in our liv

57、es we would be experiencing the excitement of being film ‘stars’！”可知A正確。 C5 [2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷] D Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim a

58、s well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or reme

59、mber the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to prac

60、tice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn. The multip

61、lication tables (乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學(xué)習(xí)) for an examination, though it may result in a pa

62、ssing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future develo

63、pment. 67．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．People remember well what they learned in childhood. B．Children have a better memory than grown-ups. C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words. D．Stories for children are easy to remember. 68．The author explains the law of ove

64、rlearning by________． A．presenting research findings B．setting down general rules C．making a comparison D．using examples 69．According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is ________． A．a(chǎn) result of overlearning B．a(chǎn) special case of cramming C．a(chǎn) sk

65、ill to deal with math problems D．a(chǎn) basic step towards advanced studies 70．What is the author's opinion on cramming? A．It leads to failure in college exams. B．It's helpful only in a limited way. C．It's possible to result in poor memory. D．It increases students' learning inte

66、rest. 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇議論文。成年人常常驚嘆他們能很好地記著兒時(shí)學(xué)過(guò)的東西。作者認(rèn)為這是兒時(shí)過(guò)度學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，是因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們兒時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)一樣?xùn)|西的時(shí)候，我們不是就此停止，而是繼續(xù)練習(xí)，才使我們記憶深刻。文章用例證法說(shuō)明了“過(guò)度學(xué)習(xí)”的概念。 最后作者談到了“過(guò)度學(xué)習(xí)”的好處和“突擊學(xué)習(xí)”的弊端。 67. A　段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.”可知，文章講的是成年人常常驚嘆他們非常好地記著兒時(shí)學(xué)過(guò)的東西。C、D斷章取義，講得太具體，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槟鞘沁^(guò)度學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，不是兒時(shí)記憶力好。所以A正確。 68. D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容可知：作者采用了舉例子的說(shuō)明方法。比如：“practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long af