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1、PK 中考英語(yǔ)湖南語(yǔ)法專題六 介詞及介詞短語(yǔ) 中考名題體驗(yàn)1.(2016年株洲) Her birthday is _ winter, the most beautiful season in a year.A. inB. atC. on2.(2016 年郴州)IThe summer vacation is coming. Im looking forward _ it.Me too.A. at B. to C. on3.(2016年銅仁改編)We must be strict _ ourselves. I think so. A. with B. on C. in ABA4.(2016年北京改
2、編)Pauls mother is a nurse. She works a hospital.A. with B. on C. in5.(2016年畢節(jié)改編)He borrowed some money _ me and gave it _ the poor man. A. to; for B. for; to C. from; to 中考名題體驗(yàn)CC語(yǔ)法探究語(yǔ)法探究一、 表示時(shí)間的介詞 (一)表時(shí)間的介詞 介詞in,on,at都可以放在表示時(shí)間的詞前 ,表示“在”之意。 1.at, in, on at一般放在具體的時(shí),分,秒之前(at 7:45),也用于固定搭配at noon,at nig
3、ht,at midday。 in用于比較大的時(shí)間如世紀(jì),年,月,季節(jié) 以及早晨,上午,下午,晚上時(shí)。 in the twenty century, in 2016, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。 on用在具體的日期或星期之前,也可以用在具體的某一天的早晨,中午,晚上。 on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning, on a cold night 等。 2.since, after since和after 引導(dǎo)的詞組都可表示從過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的時(shí)段,但since詞組表示的時(shí)段一直延
4、續(xù)到 說(shuō)話的時(shí)刻,因而往往要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。而after詞組所表示的時(shí)段純系過(guò)去,因而要與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。例如: I havent heard from him since last summer.自從去年夏天,我再也沒(méi)有收到他的信。After five days the boy came back.五天后,這男孩返回來(lái)。 3.in, after in與將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí),表示“過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后”的意思,后面跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)。 after與 將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí),后面只能跟表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)。after與過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí),后面才能跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)。 I will be back in a few m
5、inutes. We will leave after lunch.二、 表示地點(diǎn)和方位的介詞 1.at/in/on/to (1) at用于小地方名詞前,如 at home,at school。 (2) in 用于大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)。 in China,In London Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中國(guó)的東部。 (3)on 表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”或表示某地與另一地相鄰。 Russia lies on the north of China.俄羅斯位于中國(guó)的北部。 (4)to 表示在某一地域之外的某方位(不屬于該范圍且不相鄰) Japan lies
6、 to the east of China.(日本位于中國(guó)的東面。) 2. between /among between 和 among都意為“在之間”。between用于兩者的人或事物之間,among用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之間。 We have a ten-minutes rest between lessons。兩堂課之間我們有十分鐘的休息。 Among his books, we found some rare first editions.在他的藏書中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些罕見(jiàn)的第一版書籍。 3.across/through(1)across意為“在對(duì)面;從一邊到另一邊(城市、公路、河
7、流等有界限和邊界的事物)”指的是從事物表面穿過(guò)。 We took a boat across the river.(我們乘船過(guò)了河。) (2)through指的是從事物(草叢、森林、窗戶等)的內(nèi)部穿過(guò),從一端到另外一端。 I love walking through the forest.我喜歡從森林的一端走到另一端。 4.in front of / in the front of in front of 表示“在(某空間外部)的前面”;in the front of 表示“在(某空間內(nèi)部)的前面”。 In front of my houseruns a small river.(我家前面有一
8、條小河。) The teacher is in the front of the classroom.(老師在教室的前端。)三、 重點(diǎn)介詞短語(yǔ)1.介詞+名詞in time 及時(shí) on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí);按時(shí) by bus 乘車 on foot 步行 at first 首先 at once 立刻;馬上 at the end of 在的末端 in the end with pleasure 很樂(lè)意 in trouble 處于困境中on ones way to at present 目前 by the way 最后順便問(wèn)一下在某人去某地的路上2.形容詞+介詞 害怕;擔(dān)心 be worried abou
9、t 對(duì)感到擔(dān)心 be full of 充滿;裝滿 be late for be good at 擅長(zhǎng)于be famous for 因出名be angry with 對(duì)生氣 對(duì)感興趣 be afraid of遲到be interested in3.動(dòng)詞+介詞talk about (談?wù)摚?think about think of(想起) listen to (聽(tīng)) look after laugh at(嘲笑)get to (到達(dá)) look for (尋找) wait for(等待)ask for pay for (付錢) 考慮照顧詢問(wèn);請(qǐng)求專項(xiàng)集訓(xùn)專項(xiàng)集訓(xùn)一、語(yǔ)法填空1.Timmy goes
10、 to school _ every day . Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school. A. in a bus B. by plane C. on foot 2. the picture, I can see a woman.A.At B.in C.onCA3.I will have some strange ideas when Im free. ,yesterday I suddenly wanted to travel all over the world. A. Such as B. For example C. In addition
11、 4.We tried to stop him _ climbing the mountain on his own. A.from B.by C.with BA5.Paris, _ other big cities, is going to make better use of its river. A. like B. of C.except D.for6.Peter, will you leave for Great Britain now? No. It will be two weeks I leave here. A until B since C before D whenAC二、用介詞填空1.My brothers birthday is the 5th of November.2.I dont like walking alone in the streets night.3.I have been waiting for you seven oclock.4.My friend has been living in Canada two years.onatsincefor