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1、Unit 2 Communication by Email Unit Goals What you should learn to do 1. Chat online 2. Use abbreviations and slangs in communicating online 3. Write an email What you should know about 1. Surfing online for： Information Shopping 2. Good or bad of chatting online 3. Noun clau

2、ses Section I Talking Face to Face 1. Imitating Mini-Talks 2. Acting out the Tasks 3. Studying Email Information on the Internet 4. Following Sample Dialogues 5. Putting Language to Use Section II Being All Ears 1. Learning Sentences for Workplace Communication 2. Handling a Dialogue 3. U

3、nderstanding a Short Speech / Talk Section III Trying your Hand 1. Practicing Applied Writing 2. Writing Sentences and Reviewing Grammar Section IV Maintaining a Sharp Eye Passage 1 : Information Related to the Reading Passage It’s no understatement to say that e—mail has had a

4、 profound effect on our professional and personal lives。 People thousands of miles away from each other can send and receive detailed documents within mere seconds。 This allows us to take on projects that wouldn’t have been practical or possible only a few years ago。 It has become routine for us to

5、correspond and exchange files with people overseas。 The only obstacle is the difference in time zones。 But on the other hand, e-mail can eat up a substantial portion of our workday。 Most of the time and effort involved is going through unsolicited messages and separating the good from the bad。 B

6、ut not all unsolicited messages are spam。 Text E—mail， a Blessing and Annoyance For the blessing: E-mail is a conversation that does not require an immediate response （like a telephone）. If someone calls you on the telephone， you pick it up （unless you have an answering machine， voic

7、e mail or you are just plain rude） and the conversation begins. This is an interactive conversation。 With e-mail， you send a message and then wait for a response。 The response may come in five minutes or it may come in five days. Either way, it’s not an interactive conversation。 If a hundred

8、people send you e—mails in one day， so what？ You don’t have to talk with all one hundred. Just think of all the hellos, goodbyes and other unnecessary chit—chat you can avoid。 With e—mail, you only deal with their messages (which usually omit hellos, goodbyes and such） and you deal with them on your

9、 own time. That’s the blessing. Now for the annoyance: Too many e—mail users assume that the minute someone receives an e-mail, the person will read it. Bad assumption。 If you schedule a meeting for an hour from now and send an e—mail to each participant， the chance that all the participa

10、nts will read that message within the hour will be pretty small. On the other hand, if you schedule the meeting for the next day， the chance that they will read the message will be pretty high。 Remember, e-mail is not designed for immediate response (that’s why you have a telephone）, it’s designed f

11、or convenience. Some （not all) e-mail systems have features that try to combat this problem。 These features （usually called “notification”） will notify you when a person has received your e-mail and may also tell you when the person has read it (really all it can do is assure you that the perso

12、n has looked at the first screen of the message — it has no way to know if the person has read the message word for word)。 Referring back to the example in the previous paragraph， you could check to see who has checked their e-mail before the meeting and then telephone those who have not read it.

13、 Attachment： Smilies Since there are no facial and voice cues to help e—mail, users have come up with something called “smilies”. They are simple series of symbols that are pieced together in the e-mail text to help express the writer’s feelings。 The most common example is :-) (a smiling face).

14、 Here are some more examples。 They are typically found at the end of sentences and will usually refer back to the previous statement。 Language Points 1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1. （Para. 3） If a hundred people send you e-mail in one day, so what? Analysis： so what? is an infor

15、mal expression, which means “ Why should I care?" Translation： 如果在一天內(nèi)有一百個人給你發(fā)郵件，那又怎么樣呢？ 2。 （Para。 3) Just think of all the hellos, good—byes and other unnecessary chit—chat you could avoid。 Analysis： Just is used to make a statement or command stronger, meaning in Chinese “只是，僅僅”。 Translation： 只

16、要想想看,你能省掉的所有“你好"、“再見”以及其他一些沒有必要的寒暄，這就夠了。 Example: But I bet they work too hard。 Just think of all they miss。 Example: Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what？ 3. （Para. 5) If you schedule a meeting for an hour from now and send an e-mail to each participant， the chance that all the

17、 participants will read that message within the hour will be pretty small. Analysis： This is a complex sentence。 The subject and the predicate of the main clause are the chance and will be pretty small, with a that-clause to modify the chance ; If you schedule a meeting for an hour from now and se

18、nd an e—mail to each participant is an adverbial clause of condition. Translation: 如果你計劃從現(xiàn)在起的一小時后開一個會，然后給每一位與會的人發(fā)一封電子郵件，所有與會的人都能在一小時內(nèi)讀到該郵件的機率是很小的. Example： If we decide to work overtime this evening, the chance that we will go to the cinema will be very small. 4. （Para。 6) Referring back to the e

19、xample in the previous paragraph， you could check to see who has checked their e—mail before the meeting and then telephone those who have not read it。 Analysis： Referring back to is a present participle phrase used as an adverbial of condition. Translation： 回到上一段中提到的例子來說,你可以復(fù)核一下，了解誰在會議 開始前檢視過郵件，

20、然后你可以給沒有查看過郵件的人打電話。 Example: Having played Star Wars on the computer for three hours， Michael could not finish his paper in time。 2 Important Words 1. blessing: n. something good that you have or that happens and improves your life, helps you in some way， or makes you happy 祝福，賜福 e.g.

21、The dishwasher has been a real blessing！ Has her IQ been a burden as much as a blessing？ 2。 plain a. （informal） used to emphasize an adjective, usually one referring to a bad quality 完全（的）地，全然（的）地 e。g. It’s just plain crazy to spend all your pay as soon as you get it。 It was just pla

22、in stupid to give him your address 3。 chit-chat n。 conversation about things that are not very important 閑談，聊天 e。g。 Let’s take Elizabeth and her chit—chat club as an example. Got time？ Can we have a little chit-chat？ 4。 schedule v. to plan that something will happen at a partic

23、ular time 安排時間 e.g。 Or if you miss exercising regularly， schedule a once-a-week power walk。 Her first album is scheduled for release in September。 5. design v。 to plan or develop something for a specific purpose 設(shè)計 e。g。 These exercises are designed to strengthen muscles.

24、 The book is designed as a reference manual. 6。 feature n。 a part of something that you notice because it seems important， interesting, or typical 特點，特寫 e。g. Air bags are a standard feature in most new cars. An important feature of Van Gogh’s paintings is their bright colors.

25、 7. combat v. to try to stop something bad from happening or getting worse, used especially in news reports 反對，斗爭 e.g。 To combat inflation， the government raised interest rates。 China has completed its preparations to combat bird flu。 8。 notify v。 to formally or official

26、ly tell someone about something 通知 e.g。 You will be notified of any changes in the system。 In August we were notified that our article had been rejected。 notification： n。 informing by words 通知 e.g. You should receive notification of the results within a week. We received of

27、ficial notification that Harry was missing. 9。 assure v。 to tell someone that something will definitely happen or is definitely true so that they are less worried 保證,確保 e。g. Her doctor has assured us that she’ll be fine. I assure you that would never happen again. 10. cue

28、 n 。an action or event that is a signal for something else to happen 暗示，信號 e.g. Our success was the cue for other companies to press ahead with new investment. I think that’s my cue to explain why I’m here. Passage 2 ： Information Related to the Readin

29、g Passage The protection of e-mail from unauthorized access and inspection is known as electronic privacy。 In countries with a constitutional guarantee of the secrecy of correspondence， e—mail is equated with letters and thus legally protected from all forms of eavesdropping. In the United State

30、s， privacy of correspondence is derived from the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution and thus restricted by the requirement for a “reasonable expectation of privacy”. In the member states of the Council of Europe， the privacy of correspondence is guaranteed explicitly by Article

31、8 of the European Convention on Human Rights. No public authority can interfere with the exercise of this right except “as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society”. Text Privacy, Are You Kidding？ Stop right where you are and set aside a couple of brain cells fo

32、r the following statement: there is no such thing as private e—mail。 I don’t care what anybody says, states， swears or whatever； there is just no such thing as private e-mail. The reason？ Keep reading. With some e—mail systems, the e-mail administrator has the ability to read any and all e—mail

33、 messages. If this is the case where you are located, you'd better hope that there is an honest and respectable person in that position. Some companies monitor employee e—mail （I consider this one of the worst forms of censorship)。 The reasons for this unpleasant behavior are that company manag

34、ement wants to make sure that users are not wasting time on little—things—in—life messages and that company secrets are not being leaked to outside sources。 E—mail software is like all software in that occasionally things go wrong. If this happens, you may end up receiving e-mail that is meant

35、for another person， or your e-mail may get sent to the wrong person. Either way， what you thought was private is not private anymore. Somewhere in the world there is a person （usually a hacker) who is able to read your e-mail if he / she tries hard enough. Of course “tries hard enough” is the key.

36、It's not that simple to read another person's e-mail （usually）. There are (usually） security measures in place to prevent this from happening， but no security is one hundred percent hacker—proof。 I have “usually” in parenthesis in the previous two sentences because I’m assuming that the person / per

37、sons who install and operate your e—mail system have taken the necessary precautions。 Of course, the same must also be true for the person / persons on the receiving end of your e—mail。 So where does this leave us？ First, let me re—emphasize the initial statement: there is no such thing as priv

38、ate e—mail. Got it？ Second， don’t send anything by e—mail that you would not want posted on the company bulletin board. If it’s safe enough for the bulletin board, it's safe enough for e—mail. Finally， if you are debating whether or not to send something personal by e-mail, either deliver it by hand

39、 or send it by post. Attachment: E—mail Abbreviations Abbreviations are quite frequently used in e—mail。 Some of the common abbreviations are listed in the table below. I would recommend that you use abbreviations that are already common to the English language, such as “FYI and BTW". Beyond t

40、hat， you run the risk of confusing your receiver。 Language Points 1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1。 (Para. 1） Stop right where you are and set aside a couple of brain cells for the following statement: there is no such thing as a private e-mail。 Analysis： Right appearing before a phrase

41、of place or position is used as an adverb which means exactly or directly. No such … as is used for emphasizing。 Translation: 你就停在原地不動，花點腦筋想一想下面這段話：根本沒有電子郵件隱私這回事. Example： There really is no such thing as a totally risk-free industry. 2。 (Para。 3） The reasons for this unpleasant behavior are that

42、 company management wants to make sure that users are not wasting time on little—things-in—life messages and that company secrets are not being leaked to outside sources。 Analysis: The reasons is the subject of the main clause of the sentence and are is its predicate verb, followed by a that-clau

43、se which serves as the subject compliment in which to make sure in turn takes another that-clause as its object. Notice that the conjunction that should be used in the subject compliment clause instead of because, i.e。 we don't say “The reason（s) for … is / are because …” Translation： 做出這種令人不快的行

44、為，其理由是公司管理層想要確保員工不會把時間浪費在有關(guān)生活瑣事的郵件信息上，并要確保公司機密不會被泄露給外界。 Example: The reasons why he was late is that there had been a breakdown on the railway. My reason to refuse the plan is that its budget is too huge. 3. (Para。 4） Either way， what you thought was private is not private anymore。 Analysis:

45、 Either way means one way or the other； what you thought was private is a subject clause. Translation: 無論是哪種情況,你所認(rèn)為的隱私就不再是隱私了. Example： Either way, house prices are rising nowhere near as fast as they did during the previous boom in 2007. 4. (Para。 7） Beyond that, you run the risk of confusing yo

46、ur receiver. Analysis： Beyond that means if you use uncommon abbreviations. Translation： 超出這個范圍，你可能冒著使收件人迷惑不解的風(fēng)險。 Example： Beyond that， there is nothing more I can say. 2 Important Words 1。 swear v. to use rude and offensive language： 咒罵，詛咒 e。g。 Don’t swear in front of the children.

47、 Watch your mouth! If you swear today， you will regret it all year long. 2。 respectable a. someone who is respectable behaves in a way that is considered socially acceptable 值得尊敬的，可敬的 e。g. He has been in contact with decent, respectable, and even able and distinguished people. We often re

48、ad in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret。 3. monitor v。 to carefully watch and check a situation in order to see how it changes over a period of time 監(jiān)控，監(jiān)視 e。g. Patients who are given the new drug will be asked to have their progress monitored. By n

49、oting their expressions, a speaker can often monitor whether he is speaking loudly enough。 4. install v。 to put a piece of equipment somewhere and connect it so that it is ready to be used 安裝 e.g. They’ve installed the new computer network at last. Security cameras have been installed in

50、 the city centre. 5. precaution n. something being done in order to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening 預(yù)防措施 e.g. Proper precaution must be taken when storing and using fuels. As an extra precaution, an adult should always test food temperature before serving the child

51、. 6。 initial a。 happening at the beginning 最初的 e。g. The initial response has been encouraging。 Initial reports say that seven people have died， though this has not yet been confirmed。 7. debate n。 an argument over a subject formally when someone trying to make a decision or find a s

52、olution 辯論,爭論，討論 e.g。 Using food crops to make fuel was a major point of debate. How much this explains their behavior, though， is a subject of debate。 8。 personal a. belonging or relating to one particular person 個人的 e。g。 My personal view is that we shouldn't offer him the job。 S

53、tyle and color are a matter of personal taste。 She took full personal responsibility for all the arrangements。 9. deliver v. to take goods, letters, packages， etc. to a particular place or person 投遞，傳送 e.g。 The morning mail has just been delivered. They set off to deliver supplies to

54、 an isolated village。 deliver a speech / lecture / address， etc. to make a speech, etc。 to a lot of people 發(fā)表講話等 e.g. Last month， our English Department invited a local radio star to deliver a lecture on the topic of media influence on society。 The President will deliver a speech about the healthcare reform tomorrow。 10. humble a. considering oneself or one's ideas to be inferior to other people’s 謙卑的,謙虛的，謙恭的 e.g。 In my humble opinion, this company has too many rules. Many famous people are surprisingly humble。