《電大本科民族理論與民族政策形成性考核冊(cè)作業(yè)1-3答案.doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線(xiàn)閱讀，更多相關(guān)《電大本科民族理論與民族政策形成性考核冊(cè)作業(yè)1-3答案.doc（6頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

電大本科民族理論與民族政策形成性考核冊(cè)作業(yè) 形成作業(yè)1：小組討論問(wèn)題４：民族關(guān)系的核心問(wèn)題是什么？為什么？ 民族關(guān)系的核心問(wèn)題是什么？為什么？ 個(gè)人討論觀點(diǎn)：民族關(guān)系中核心問(wèn)題是民族利益、民族權(quán)力和民族發(fā)展，這些是民族關(guān)系的、熱點(diǎn)和主題 小組討論提綱 討論時(shí)間：本學(xué)期第三周 討論地點(diǎn)：本班教室 討論方式：每班分兩組，每組確定五名中心發(fā)言人，按照討論提綱精心準(zhǔn)備，交替發(fā)言，發(fā)言時(shí)間不得超過(guò)4分鐘。 討論題目：民族關(guān)系的核心問(wèn)題是什么?為什么？ 討論要求：1、認(rèn)真閱讀教材，查閱有關(guān)資料，搜集相關(guān)素材。 2、明確了解和掌握關(guān)鍵詞中的重要意義。 3、討論過(guò)程中發(fā)言人觀點(diǎn)明確，做到有理有據(jù)，符合邏輯，允許保留自己的觀點(diǎn)。 討論提綱： 一、 民族利益時(shí)民族關(guān)系的焦點(diǎn) 民族利益，指的是法律賦予的正當(dāng)?shù)?、合法的民族?yīng)有和應(yīng)得的各種利益，在一定意義上說(shuō)，民族關(guān)系式民族間的一種利益關(guān)系，公平合理的劃分和享受可使民族關(guān)系和睦，利益劃分不合理或者有差別可能導(dǎo)致民族間的矛盾和摩擦。在民族利益問(wèn)題上，我們有必要重溫列寧在1922年10月27日說(shuō)過(guò)的一段話(huà)：“五年來(lái)，我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)舉世罕見(jiàn)的多民族國(guó)家里解決民族問(wèn)題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，是我們完全相信，在類(lèi)似的情況下，對(duì)待民族利益唯一正確的態(tài)度就是予以最大限度的滿(mǎn)足，就是創(chuàng)造條件來(lái)安排除在這一方面引起沖突的一切根源。 二、 民族權(quán)力是民族關(guān)系的測(cè)量表 民族權(quán)力，指的是法律賦予的各民族應(yīng)有的方方面面的平等利益，民主權(quán)益，民族權(quán)益也是民族關(guān)系的核心問(wèn)題之一，民族平等，自由發(fā)展的民主權(quán)利和民族權(quán)力的享有和行駛的程度是民族發(fā)展關(guān)系程度的測(cè)量表。民族權(quán)力的享有和行使受到各種條件的制約，其中包括受民族關(guān)系狀況的制約，反過(guò)來(lái)民族權(quán)利享有和行使?fàn)顩r又直接影響民族關(guān)系。 三、 民族發(fā)展是民族關(guān)系的主題 發(fā)展，永遠(yuǎn)是歷史和社會(huì)的主題，發(fā)展，始終是民族和社會(huì)追求的目標(biāo)。民族關(guān)系，既是各民族發(fā)展過(guò)程中的必然現(xiàn)象，又是各民族發(fā)展的客觀環(huán)境與條件。因?yàn)槊褡宓陌l(fā)展取決于自身的生產(chǎn)力、分工和內(nèi)部外部交往的發(fā)展程度。民族的發(fā)展是全方位的、多角度的，包括政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化教育等社會(huì)各個(gè)方面。因此，民族發(fā)展的權(quán)利和利益，是民族關(guān)系發(fā)展的核心問(wèn)題。 總之，在我國(guó)民族關(guān)系中，我們一定要注意以上三個(gè)方面，盡可能采取特殊、靈活和優(yōu)惠的政策，創(chuàng)造有利于民族發(fā)展和有利于協(xié)調(diào)民族關(guān)系的環(huán)境和條件，盡可能滿(mǎn)足或照顧不同時(shí)期不同民族發(fā)展利益。 形成作業(yè)2：論民族區(qū)域自治的重要意義（請(qǐng)各位同學(xué)對(duì)此論文自行刪減） 民族區(qū)域自治，是指在國(guó)家統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，按照民族平等、團(tuán)結(jié)、各民族共同繁榮、維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一和尊重民族自治權(quán)的原則，各少數(shù)民族聚居的地方實(shí)行區(qū)域自治，設(shè)立自治機(jī)關(guān)，行使自治權(quán)。 　　民族區(qū)域自治是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨把馬列主義民族理論與中國(guó)民族和民族問(wèn)題的實(shí)際相結(jié)合解決中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)民族問(wèn)題的基本政策，是我國(guó)的一項(xiàng)重要政治制度，也是具有中國(guó)特色的解決中國(guó)民族問(wèn)題的基本形式，它的制定與實(shí)施具有重大的意義。 　　一、實(shí)行民族區(qū)域自治符合我國(guó)的歷史條件和現(xiàn)實(shí)情況 　　我們黨和國(guó)家把民族區(qū)域自治作為解決我國(guó)民族問(wèn)題的基本政策，是有其必然性的，是根據(jù)馬列主義關(guān)于民族問(wèn)題的理論原則，結(jié)合我國(guó)的歷史條件和現(xiàn)實(shí)情況（民族情況）決定的。 　?。ㄒ唬臍v史情況來(lái)說(shuō)，我國(guó)在政治制度方面長(zhǎng)期存在兩大主要特點(diǎn)：一是它的統(tǒng)一性，二是中央集權(quán)。2000多年的歷史進(jìn)程中，國(guó)家統(tǒng)一則國(guó)力強(qiáng)盛、民族團(tuán)結(jié)、人民生活安定；國(guó)家分裂則國(guó)家衰敗、民族分爭(zhēng)、人民困苦。我國(guó)在解放后建立民族區(qū)域自治，保持了國(guó)家的統(tǒng)一，符合我國(guó)的歷史傳統(tǒng)，符合我國(guó)各民族人民的根本利益。 　　（二）從現(xiàn)實(shí)情況來(lái)說(shuō)，首先，我國(guó)有56個(gè)民族，漢族人口多，少數(shù)民族人口少，地大物博，經(jīng)濟(jì)文化比較落后。這種情況決定了漢族和少數(shù)民族只有在統(tǒng)一國(guó)家內(nèi)團(tuán)結(jié)互助，通力合作，才能得到共同的發(fā)展。第二，我國(guó)民族分布情況復(fù)雜，各民族大雜居，小聚居特點(diǎn)顯著，只有具有很大靈活性的民族區(qū)域自治才能適應(yīng)。在各少數(shù)民族聚居區(qū)建立與其經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治條件相稱(chēng)的不同規(guī)模的自治地方，才能適應(yīng)我國(guó)民族分布的特點(diǎn)和最大限度的滿(mǎn)足少數(shù)民族人民的自治要求。第三，在長(zhǎng)期的歷史發(fā)展中，我國(guó)各民族之間形成了經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治上的密切聯(lián)系。我國(guó)民族關(guān)系的這一特點(diǎn)，決定了各民族和則兩利，分則兩害。只有在統(tǒng)一國(guó)家中采用民族區(qū)域自治這種形式，才能適應(yīng)并促進(jìn)民族關(guān)系的發(fā)展。第四，各民在長(zhǎng)期的反帝反封建斗爭(zhēng)中，特別是在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的人民革命中，不但建立了工人階級(jí)同農(nóng)民以及小資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的革命聯(lián)盟，也使我國(guó)各民族人民進(jìn)一步團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，結(jié)成了血肉不可分離的聯(lián)系。這是我國(guó)實(shí)行民族區(qū)域自治的政治基礎(chǔ)。 　　二、實(shí)行民族區(qū)域自治制度是對(duì)馬列主義關(guān)于民族區(qū)域自治理論的實(shí)踐和發(fā)展 　　（一）對(duì)馬列主義關(guān)于民族區(qū)域自治理論的實(shí)踐 　　民族區(qū)域自治是馬列主義解決民族問(wèn)題的一個(gè)重要原則，是多民族民主國(guó)家的一般普遍原則。馬列主義從社會(huì)發(fā)展和無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命的利益出發(fā)，堅(jiān)持建立集中統(tǒng)一的大規(guī)模的國(guó)家的原則。同時(shí)認(rèn)為，民族區(qū)域自治是建立現(xiàn)代真正民主國(guó)家的條件，是解決民族問(wèn)題的正確途徑。在統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家中讓各民族實(shí)施地方自治或區(qū)域自治，是馬克思列寧主義的一個(gè)綱領(lǐng)性原則。 我國(guó)是一個(gè)半封建半殖民地國(guó)家，各民族包括漢族在內(nèi)，都受帝國(guó)主義的侵略和壓迫，都是被壓迫民族。特別是如前所述，我國(guó)從來(lái)就是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家，在革命的整個(gè)過(guò)程中，國(guó)內(nèi)各民族不僅沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)分裂，相反的團(tuán)結(jié)得越來(lái)越緊密。截至 2003 年底，我國(guó)共建立了 155 個(gè)民族自治地方，其中包括 5 個(gè)自治區(qū)、 30 個(gè)自治州、 120 自治縣（旗）。根據(jù) 2000 年第五次全國(guó)人口普查，在 55 個(gè)少數(shù)民族中，有 44 個(gè)建立了自治地方，實(shí)行區(qū)域自治的少數(shù)民族人口占少數(shù)民族總?cè)丝诘?71 ％，民族自治地方的面積占全國(guó)國(guó)土總面積的 64% 左右。 　　（二）對(duì)馬列主義關(guān)于民族區(qū)域自治理論的發(fā)展 　　我國(guó)不僅將馬列主義關(guān)于民族區(qū)自治的論斷由理論變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)，而且在繼承的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)其進(jìn)行了中國(guó)化的改造。在國(guó)家統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下實(shí)行民族區(qū)域自治，體現(xiàn)了民族平等、民族團(tuán)結(jié)、各民族共同繁榮發(fā)展的原則，體現(xiàn)了民族因素與區(qū)域因素、政治因素與經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、歷史因素與現(xiàn)實(shí)因素的統(tǒng)一。實(shí)踐證明，這一制度符合我國(guó)國(guó)情和各民族人民的根本利益，具有強(qiáng)大生命力。 　　三、實(shí)行民族區(qū)域自治制度具有重要作用 　　雖然和平與發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為時(shí)代的主題，但世界并不太平。一些國(guó)家和地區(qū)由于民族問(wèn)題引發(fā)的沖突還時(shí)有發(fā)生，有的釀成局部戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，嚴(yán)重影響地區(qū)及世界的和平與穩(wěn)定。在這方面，中國(guó)沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)大的問(wèn)題，原因有很多，其中很重要的一條就是在于我國(guó)實(shí)施的民族區(qū)域自治制度發(fā)揮了重要作用。 　?。ㄒ唬┟褡鍏^(qū)域自治制度保障了少數(shù)民族在政治上的平等地位和權(quán)利，使民主政治在更大范圍內(nèi)得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，推進(jìn)我國(guó)的政治文明建設(shè) 　　政治平等是解決民族問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)，由于民族區(qū)域自治固有的靈活性，它能最大限度地滿(mǎn)足少數(shù)民族積極參加國(guó)家政治生活的要求，能保障少數(shù)民族行使當(dāng)家作主、參與國(guó)家和本地區(qū)內(nèi)部事務(wù)管理的民主平等和平等自治權(quán)利。這主要體現(xiàn)在民族自治地方的自治機(jī)關(guān)享有廣泛的自治權(quán)利。在我國(guó)，無(wú)論在司法、行政、教育等領(lǐng)域還是在國(guó)家政治和社會(huì)生活中，少數(shù)民族語(yǔ)言文字都得到廣泛使用。此外，還擁有自主安排、管理、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)事業(yè)，自主發(fā)展教育、科技、文化等其他各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的權(quán)利。 　　民族區(qū)域自治是我國(guó)的人民民主專(zhuān)政制度在少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的具體表現(xiàn)形式，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第十五次代表大會(huì)把民族區(qū)域自治制度和人民代表大會(huì)制度、中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度一同表述為我國(guó)社會(huì)主義制度的三大形式。這使我國(guó)的民主政治在更大范圍內(nèi)得到了實(shí)現(xiàn)。 　?。ǘ┟褡鍏^(qū)域自治制度調(diào)動(dòng)了各民族的積極性，有利于各民族自身及其經(jīng)濟(jì)文化等各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的發(fā)展 　　民族區(qū)域自治的實(shí)現(xiàn)，開(kāi)創(chuàng)了少數(shù)民族當(dāng)家作主，管理本民族、本地區(qū)內(nèi)部事務(wù)的新階段。少數(shù)民族可以根據(jù)本民族、本地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化的特點(diǎn)，因地制宜的發(fā)展各項(xiàng)事業(yè)。這就能夠最廣泛的調(diào)動(dòng)少數(shù)民族群眾的積極性，使少數(shù)民族人民都以主人翁姿態(tài)投入到國(guó)家和地方的建設(shè)中。 　　民族自身的發(fā)展進(jìn)步，主要表現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面：一是促進(jìn)人的發(fā)展，是通過(guò)發(fā)展科技、教育、體育、衛(wèi)生等各項(xiàng)事業(yè)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。二是對(duì)各民族風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的尊重。法律規(guī)定，民族自治地方的自治機(jī)關(guān)保障各民族都有保持或改革自己民族風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的權(quán)利，保障各民族公民的宗教信仰自由等等。 　　民族區(qū)域自治制度的經(jīng)濟(jì)功能首先表現(xiàn)為自治機(jī)關(guān)把管理經(jīng)濟(jì)、發(fā)展生產(chǎn)、改善人民生活作為自己的重要職責(zé)。民族自治地方的自治機(jī)關(guān)依法管理本地方的自然資源，并可以根據(jù)法律的規(guī)定和國(guó)家的規(guī)劃，優(yōu)先合理的開(kāi)發(fā)利用。國(guó)家在民族自治地方進(jìn)行資源開(kāi)發(fā)是，要對(duì)該自治地方進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)慕?jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償。經(jīng)過(guò)50多年特別是改革開(kāi)放20多年的努力，民族自治地方的經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了飛速發(fā)展，人民生活水平顯著提高。 　?。ㄈ┟褡鍏^(qū)域自治有力于協(xié)調(diào)各民族間關(guān)系，達(dá)到維護(hù)民族團(tuán)結(jié)、國(guó)家統(tǒng)一、社會(huì)安定的目的 　　實(shí)行民族區(qū)域自治，有利于疏通改善民族關(guān)系，消除歷史上遺留下來(lái)的民族隔閡，加強(qiáng)民族之間的團(tuán)結(jié)友愛(ài)、互助合作。民族區(qū)域自治制度保障了少數(shù)民族的平等權(quán)利，同時(shí)促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人民生活的改善。 我國(guó)自古以來(lái)就是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家，少數(shù)民族大部分居住在邊疆。邊疆的穩(wěn)定對(duì)國(guó)家的安定和統(tǒng)一至關(guān)重要。作為我國(guó)人民民主專(zhuān)政在少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的具體形式的民族區(qū)域自治的實(shí)施，有利于加強(qiáng)人民民主專(zhuān)政，有利于抵御外來(lái)的侵略和顛覆，有利于打擊國(guó)內(nèi)民族分裂主義分子的活動(dòng)，從而鞏固國(guó)家的統(tǒng)一和社會(huì)的安定。 形成作業(yè)三： 一、 填充題 1、 民族發(fā)展規(guī)律 2、 民族屬性、民族特征 3、 血緣 4、 社會(huì)、歷史 5、 權(quán)利和利益 6、 階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng) 7、 大分散、小聚居 8、 1.9萬(wàn) 9、 提高民族素質(zhì)、民主的組織形式 10、 設(shè)立和建設(shè)，自治權(quán)的行使問(wèn)題 11、 發(fā)展與進(jìn)步 二、 單選題 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.D 三、多選題 1.ABDE .ABE 3.ABD 4.ABCDE 5.ABCD 6.ABCE 7.ABCDE 8.ABCE 9.ACD 10.ABDE 四、辨析題 1.錯(cuò)：民族理論研究的主要任務(wù)是研究如何正確地解決或處理民族發(fā)展及民族之間矛盾的問(wèn)題。 2.錯(cuò)：民族作為一種社會(huì)人們共同體，具有自然屬性、社會(huì)屬性、生物屬性等多維屬性。 3.錯(cuò)：少數(shù)民族干部的培養(yǎng)任用是體現(xiàn)民族平等的主要表現(xiàn)形式，也是民族平等的主要標(biāo)志。 4.錯(cuò)：民族語(yǔ)言文字是人類(lèi)社會(huì)的產(chǎn)物，最終結(jié)果是語(yǔ)言的整合和文字的統(tǒng)一。 5.對(duì) 6.錯(cuò):宗教信仰不屬于政治問(wèn)題。 五、論述題 答案：P98——P100 請(qǐng)您務(wù)必刪除一下內(nèi)容，O(∩_∩)O萬(wàn)分謝謝！?。?015年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過(guò)小抄 Indonesia has emerged as a top vacation destination for Chinese this summer, along with Thailands Phuket island and the Maldives archipelago. Encouraged by growth in Chinese travelers to Indonesia, the government in Jakarta has recently relaxed its visa policy. Since June 10, Chinese tourists can enter Indonesia through nine appointed locations, including the Soekarno Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, the Ngurah Rai International Airport in Bali and the Kuala Namu International Airport in Medan, by just getting their passports stamped on arrival. Officially, it is called the "free-visa" scheme. The new policy also means Chinese tourists can save $35 on visa fees, which will likely make trips to Indonesia more alluring. While such an arrangement allows Chinese visitors to stay up to 30 days for the purpose of traveling, those seeking extensions will need to get paid visas from that countrys missions inBeijing,Shanghai,GuangzhouorHong Kong, according to an official at the Indonesia embassy in Beijing. Santo Darmosumarto, head of the embassys information, social and cultural section, says the new policy is aimed at strengthening people-to-people contacts between the two countries. Dai Yu, marketing director of Ctrip, a major Chinese online travel agency, says: "Weve seen a nearly 50 percent growth over the previous month in the number of Chinese tourists to Bali since the policy was announced." During his trip to China in March, Indonesian President Joko Widodo proposed that his country and China aim to increase two-way visits to a maximum of 10 million people in the next few years. The Indonesian government has set their sights on greeting 2 million Chinese tourists by the end of this year, according to the official. "The Indonesian government hopes that Indonesian nationals would also be given preferential treatment while visiting China," says Darmosumarto. In 2013, the number of Chinese tourists who visited Indonesia stood around 807,000. Last year, it increased to 959,000, he adds. Bali remains the most popular site among Chinese tourists. In February, more than 92,200 Chinese tourists made trips to Bali, ranking first among overseas visitors, the Bali Times reported. Last year, the island witnessed more than 586,000 arrivals from China, an increase of 51 percent over 2013. "Bali isnt just for sightseeing, but also for weddings, honeymoons, golf and many outdoor activities," says Fan Wenqing, a marketing executive at Garuda, Indonesias national airliner. Garuda offers three nonstop flights between Beijing and Bali, and four each week between Beijing and Jakarta. There are daily flights from Guangzhou, inGuangdongprovince, and Shanghai to Jakarta as well. It takes from six to eight hours on a nonstop flight to reach Indonesia from China. Indonesia is home to more than 17,000 islands. Tourists can tour Yogyakarta to see Prambanam and Borobudur, two historical and religious sites, and explore the local handicraft markets. The base of a volcano, Bandung, which is also known as the "Paris of Java", is ideal for adventure-seekers. Many ecotourism destinations, such as Toba Lake in Sumatra, Tanjung Puting National Park in Kalimantan and Bunaken in Manado, are places the embassy official recommends for tourists. Indonesia boasts world-class surfing facilities along the shores of Sumatra down to Nusa Tenggara Islands. Recently, Lombok, a sister island east of Bali has gotten so much attention from Chinese travelers that some travel agencies are offering twin packages for Bali and Lombok. The best time to visit Bali is from May to October, when it doesntrainmuch and the weather is cool. At press time, a weeklong package from Shanghai or Guangzhou to Bali was a little more than 3,000 yuan ($480) on Ctrips website. Chinese tourists have taken a shine to rafting in Ubud, sightseeing in Tanah Lot, and surfing and diving in Nusa Lembongan, says Dai. Civet coffee, essential oil and woodcarvings are among the most popular products for Chinese tourists in Indonesia, she says. Indonesian food is also something that visitors shouldnt miss. Local cuisines feature many spices, including peppers and cloves, and coconut pulp. Fried rice, "dirty duck" and roast suckling pig are recommended. Childrens illustration books first appeared in the 1600s in Europe. Their passage to China, however, took much longer, roughly 300 years. In China, childrens illustration books have a history of just 100 years and their development can be divided into four stages. From early 1900s to mid 1900s, a large number of books and magazines with illustrations appeared with the fast development of the modern publishing industry. The illustrationarts at that time were a mixed genre of Chinese traditionalpaintings and the westernstyle, and most of the stories originate from the fundamental changes that China experienced after the collapse of Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the warlord struggles and the war against the Japanese invasion. The second stage was from mid 1900s to late 1970s, when the "cultural revolution" (1966-76) ended. The fast development of some special publishing houses for children gave birth to a large number of illustration-story books, which made a good use of folk art techniques, such as wood board carving, frescoes, and ink and wash painting, etc. Many of the popular stories are from Chinese history and wars after 1900s. The third stage is from early 1980s to late 1990s, a golden period for the development of childrens illustration books. The reform and opening-up brought in new concepts and ideas from the West to China, a country that had been closed to the West for nearly three decades. Fast development of economy, society and culture provided the writers and painters with a lot of inspiration to create new literature works and draw illustrations. China also imported large amounts of childrens illustration books from the West and Japan. Many young parents in China have a strong nostalgia about childrens illustration books they read in the 1980s and 1990s. This is also the last era in Chinas artistic innovation before the advent of the Internet period. The fourth stage is featured with the spread of the Internet and the other computerized means of art innovation. The hand-drawn childrens illustration books are gradually replaced by cartoons drawn and copied by software and machines, and shown on tablets, computers, television and smart phones, instead of books. Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park and Botanical Garden is natures haven, with no less than 4,000 rare birds and animals representing 200 species. With tropical forest covering over 90 percent of its area, the garden offers beautiful views of a wide range of tropical plants, flowers and fruit trees. The scenic spot about 25 kilometers from the center of Haikou offers a drive-thru safari tour where you can get up close with elephants, lions and bears. The "Safari on Foot" area features walking trails where visitors can see the rest of the animals, including hippos and monkeys, and feed them for a small fee. Visitors also can see what happens when you breed a lion and a tiger. Two unique attractions are rare hybrids: a liger, the offspring of a mallion and a female tiger and a tigon, which is created by a female lion and a male tiger. As ateaching center of the National Popular Science Education program, the park also serves as a second classroom for students to learn about wildlife and plants. Since it was established in 1995, it has received more than one million student visitors. At a crucial moment when pessimism has brought the Greek crisis to such a head that the country is closer to a default on its debt repayments than ever, Li offered a spark of enthusiasm to restart the stalled talks by calling on Greece and its creditors to reach a last-minute deal that will allow Greece to remain in the eurozone. Given the escalation of the countrys crisis over the weekend sent a shock wave through the global stock markets on Monday, there are ample reasons to worry about the uncertainties surrounding the events in Greece and the effect a default would have on Europe, relations between China and the EU, global financial stability and the nascent global economic recovery. Greece has announced that it will hold a referendum on a bailout plan proposed last week by the countrys creditors. In response, Greeces eurozone partners have refused to extend the countrys bailout program and the European Central Bank capped its emergency support for the countrys banks. A real danger now looms of Greece exiting the euro, which might derail the global economic recovery and damage the long-term viability of the euro as a currency. However, such a tragedy is neither certain nor unavoidable. The EU should shoulder its responsibility to prevent the Greek crisis from overshadowing the fragile global recovery. As a major customer and supplier of the 28-nation EU, and a responsible long-term holder of Eurobonds, Chinas confidence in and commitment to a strong eurozone offers EU leaders the necessary support to look at the Greek crisis from a broader and longer perspective. When Li said that China will not only consider a China-EU investment platform to back European Commission President Jean-Claude Junckers plan to revive the European economy, but also buy more bonds issued by the European Investment Bank, EU leaders should be clear that China wants to see the EU maintain its integrity and a forward trajectory. Such a confidence-building effort is particularly valuable, especially from such a large country as China which already has a huge stake and seeks to further expand it in a strong eurozone. It will be a tragedy to allow inaction over the Greek crisis to stand in the way of growth-boosting Sino-EU cooperation. 請(qǐng)您務(wù)必刪除一下內(nèi)容，O(∩_∩)O萬(wàn)分謝謝！?。?015年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過(guò)小抄 Indonesia has emerged as a top vacation destination for Chinese this summer, along with Thailands Phuket island and the Maldives archipelago. Encouraged by growth in Chinese travelers to Indonesia, the government in Jakarta has recently relaxed its visa policy. Since June 10, Chinese tourists can enter Indonesia through nine appointed locations, including the Soekarno Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, the Ngurah Rai International Airport in Bali and the Kuala Namu International Airport in Medan, by just getting their passports stamped on arrival. Officially, it is called the "free-visa" scheme. The new policy also means Chinese tourists can save $35 on visa fees, which will likely make trips to Indonesia more alluring. While such an arrangement allows Chinese visitors to stay up to 30 days for the purpose of traveling, those seeking extensions will need to get paid visas from that countrys missions inBeijing,Shanghai,GuangzhouorHong Kong, according to an official at the Indonesia embassy in Beijing. Santo Darmosumarto, head of the embassys information, social and cultural section, says the new policy is aimed at strengthening people-to-people contacts between the two countries. Dai Yu, marketing director of Ctrip, a major Chinese online travel agency, says: "Weve seen a nearly 50 percent growth over the previous month in the number of Chinese tourists to Bali since the policy was announced." During his trip to China in March, Indonesian President Joko Widodo proposed that his country and China aim to increase two-way visits to a maximum of 10 million people in the next few years. The Indonesian government has set their sights on greeting 2 million Chinese tourists by the end of this year, according to the official. "The Indonesian government hopes that Indonesian nationals would also be given preferential treatment while visiting China," says Darmosumarto. In 2013, the number of Chinese tourists who visited Indonesia stood around 807,000. Last year, it increased to 959,000, he adds. Bali remains the most popular site among Chinese tourists. In February, more than 92,200 Chinese tourists made trips to Bali, ranking first among overseas visitors, the Bali Times reported. Last year, the island witnessed more than 586,000 arrivals from China, an increase of 51 percent over 2013. "Bali isnt just for sightseeing, but also for weddings, honeymoons, golf and many outdoor activities," says Fan Wenqing, a marketing executive at Garuda, Indonesias national airliner. Garuda offers three nonstop flights between Beijing and Bali, and four each week between Beijing and Jakarta. There are daily flights from Guangzhou, inGuangdongprovince, and Shanghai to Jakarta as well. It takes from six to eight hours on a nonstop flight to reach Indonesia from China. Indonesia is home to more than 17,000 islands. Tourists can tour Yogyakarta to see Prambanam and Borobudur, two historical and religious sites, and explore the local handicraft markets. The base of a volcano, Bandung, which is also known as the "Paris of Java", is ideal for adventure-seekers. Many ecotourism destinations, such as Toba Lake in Sumatra, Tanjung Puting National Park in Kalimantan and Bunaken in Manado, are places the embassy official recommends for tourists. Indonesia boasts world-class surfing facilities along the shores of Sumatra down to Nusa Tenggara Islands. Recently, Lombok, a sister island east of Bali has gotten so much attention from Chinese travelers that some travel agencies are offering twin packages for Bali and Lombok. The best time to visit Bali is from May to October, when it doesntrainmuch and the weather is cool. At press time, a weeklong package from Shanghai or Guangzhou to Bali was a little more than 3,000 yuan ($480) on Ctrips website. Chinese tourists have taken a shine to rafting in Ubud, sightseeing in Tanah Lot, and surfing and diving in Nusa Lembongan, says Dai. Civet coffee, essential oil and woodcarvings are among the most popular products for Chinese tourists in Indonesia, she says. Indonesian food is also something that visitors shouldnt miss. Local cuisines feature many spices, including peppers and cloves, and coconut pulp. Fried rice, "dirty duck" and roast suckling pig are recommended. Childrens illustration books first appeared in the 1600s in Europe. Their passage to China, however, took much longer, roughly 300 years. In China, childrens illustration books have a history of just 100 years and their development can be divided into four stages. From early 1900s to mid 1900s, a large number of books and magazines with illustrations appeared with the fast development of the modern publishing industry. The illustrationarts at that time were a mixed genre of Chinese traditionalpaintings and the westernstyle, and most of the stories originate from the fundamental changes that China experienced after the collapse of Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the warlord struggles and the war against the Japanese invasion. The second stage was from mid 1900s to late 1970s, when the "cultural revolution" (1966-76) ended. The fast development of some special publishing houses for children gave birth to a large number of illustration-story books, which made a good use of folk art techniques, such as wood board carving, frescoes, and ink and wash painting, etc. Many of the popular stories are from Chinese history and wars after 1900s. The third stage is fro