資源目錄里展示的全都有，所見即所得。下載后全都有,請放心下載。原稿可自行編輯修改=【QQ：401339828 或11970985 有疑問可加】 寧波大紅鷹學(xué)院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文翻譯 所在學(xué)院： 班 級： 姓 名： 學(xué) 號： 指導(dǎo)教師： 合作導(dǎo)師： 2014 年 03 月 02 日 原文： 題目 Development situation and development trend of die （PDF原件） 1 Die Introduction Mold is the basis for industrial production technology and equipment, consensus has been achieved. Mould production technology of high and low, Become an important symbol of national product manufacturing levels, to a large extent determine the quality of product, efficiency, and new product development capability, determine a country's international competitiveness in the manufacturing sector. China's mold industry will development to large, sophisticated, complex, high efficiency, long life span, and multi-functional direction. Plastic mould industry was developed along with the development of the plastics industry. Plastics industry is a new industry. Since the advent of plastic since decades, because of its rich, easy to make and low in cost of raw materials, plastics industry is developing rapidly, in some ways, it has been replaced by a variety of non-ferrous metals, ferrous metals, cement, rubber, wood, leather, ceramics and glass, become indispensable materials of various industrial sectors. Modern and contemporary in design and manufacturing of plastic mould plastic is very closely related to industrial development. With the rapid development of the plastics industry, plastic mould industry is rapidly developing. In our country, with the rapid development of the national economy, development of mold industry is very quickly. 2003 year mould industry sales 162.03 billion, over the same period last year increased by 41.57%; total profit to 12.85 billion, over the same period last year rose by 90.63%. China's mould industry has been rapid development. From the scale on the mould industry, China has leapt to third place in the world, second only to Japan and the United States. Can said in China has became die production powers, however, on entire die industry,, large and medium-sized enterprise comparison less, small enterprise accounted for most; Meanwhile, domestic die industry of enterprise exists with variety of problem; and abroad related enterprise level compared to still has is large of gap, so domestic enterprise does not should blind optimistic, and should efforts development, and strong self, to should from Parties surface of challenge. At the same time, to seize development opportunities, as the mould production of power as soon as possible. Mold is an important manufacturing base in China, mould manufacturing is dedicated device. China started to build mould and die very early, but in the long run do not form. Until 20 century 80 years later, China mould industry into the fast track of development. In recent years, not only the State-owned development of mould enterprises has been greatly, foreign-funded enterprises, towns (individual) very rapidly in the development of mould enterprises. Incomplete statistics show that nearly 10 years the country (not including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan figures, the same below) mold production and import and export developments, such as table 1, table 2 China mould industry profiles ?Table 1 1995 Year over the die output table of China Year 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Value (billions of Yuan) 145 160 200 220 250 280 316 360 450 530 ? ? Table 2 1995 Year over the stencil in China since import and export tables Year 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Imports (USD) 81100 91799 63000 66348 88274 97700 111174 127200 136930 181300 Exports (USD) 4941 7000 9428 9591 13280 17374 18775 25234 33680 49100 ? Tables are visible, although China's mould industry has developed rapidly, but compared with the demand, clearly in short supply, its major gaps focused on precision, large-scale, complex, long-life areas of mold. Due to mould precision, long life, and production capacity of the manufacturing cycle, China and the international average, and is still a big gap between developed countries, therefore, need to import each year die. 2 Die Material Depending on the molding method and tool life cycle (that is, number of products manufactured by) different, plastic molding to meet different needs, molds can be made from a variety of materials, and even can make comparison of special materials such as paper and gypsum. However, because most of the molding process requires high pressures, usually also have high temperature conditions, so far the most important material of metal, which have topped. Most of the time, mould material choice is not only related to the performance and the best price/performance, also mould processing method, or even the whole design. A typical example is a metal casting mold material selection, compared with machined molds, different materials for metal casting mold cooling system there is a big difference. In addition, different manufacturing methods also can have a shadow on the choice of material production, manufacture of prototype tooling is often the use of new technologies, such as computer-aided design and computer-integrated manufacturing, solid preparation of prototype molds. Compared with the previous method based on the model of, CAD and CIM method will be more economical, this is because this type of mould manufacturers will be able to make itself, and other technologies, can only be processed by outside vendors. In short, while the mold is often used in high-performance materials, but most still are those of conventional materials. Almost cannot be used for high performance materials like ceramic molds, this may be because of its advantages (performance such as high temperature does not change) is not needed in a stencil, on the contrary, as a sintered ceramic material, has the disadvantage of low tensile strength and poor heat transfer, application and only a small amount of mold. Parts used here are not using hot press process and production of powder metallurgy, but fired into the air, and air permeability of parts. In many molding methods, you must use the tunes according to one ' s own understanding of gas discharge, there has been several attempts using porous metal exhaust. Compared to the exhaust and specifically set, its advantages are evident, especially in the melt forward like a melted wiring, here are the most prone to problem areas: on the one hand to prevent melting of surface there is a clear connection, allowing you to avoid overflow, and other remnants of plugging porous. With such material when you die, in design and new issues appear on the forming process. 3 Development trend of die In modern mechanical manufacturing , mould industry has become the basic industries of the national economy , many of the development and production of new products , to a large extent depend on the mold manufacturing technology , especially in the automobile industry, light industry, electronics and aerospace industries, such as especially important. Strength of mould manufacturing capabilities and moulds, high and low, has become one of the important measure of a national machinery manufacturing technology signs, directly affecting many sectors of the national economy development. Mould CAD/CAM is in die CAD and mould CAM developed on the basis of the development of, respectively, it is the application of computer technology in die and mold manufacturing a new leap forward. CAD/CAM the rapid development of technology , further improvement of the level of software, hardware , to mould industry has provided strong technical support , for the company's product design, manufacturing and development brought about a qualitative leap in production levels , has become a modern enterprise information, integration and optimal selection of networking. Chinese mold industry, in addition to continuing to improve productivity, more focus on the adjustment of industry structure and raising the level of technology development. Structural adjustment, mainly to professional adjustment of enterprise structure, product mix towards the high-end tooling development, to the improvement of the structure of import and export, high-end analysis and structure improvement of automobile Panel die forming, multi-functional composite tooling and machining and the application of laser technology in mould design and manufacture, and super high speed cutting finishing and polishing technology, information technology development. 3.1 Mould CAD/CAM technology development trends 21 century of die and mold industry of basic characteristics is highly integrated, flexible and intelligent, networked , pursuit of the goals is to improve product quality and production efficiency , shorten the design cycle and manufacturing cycles , reduce production costs , maximize the responsiveness of die and mold manufacturing , To meet customer needs. We will show the following characteristics. (1) Standardized CAD/CAM system can establish a standard parts database, non-standard parts database and mould parameter database. Standard parts in the repository in CAD design parts can always accessible, and USES the GT (group technology) production. The standard parts library storage in parts, although and design in the required structure is not the same, but the use of the system itself modeling technology can easily be modified, so as to speed up the design process, the typical die structure in parametric design repository is the basis of the realized according to the request of users, die structure similar to modify, can generate need structure. (2)Integration technology Modern mold design and manufacturing system should not only emphasize information of integration, more should emphasize the integration of technology, and management. In the development of mould manufacturing system emphasize "much integration" concept, namely the information integration, intelligent integration, string of parallel mechanism of the integration and personnel integration, it is more suitable for the future of manufacturing system needs. (3) Intelligent technology Application of artificial intelligence technology to realize product life cycle (including product design, manufacture, use) each link intelligent, realize the production process (including organization, management, planning, scheduling, control, etc.) each link the intelligence of the intelligent equipment and mold, and to realize the integration of man and system and people in them intelligent of the full play. (4) Network technology application Network technology including hardware and software integration achieved, various communication protocol and manufacturing automation protocol, information communication interface, system operation control strategies, which is the basis of all kinds of manufacturing system automation. At present already appeared through the Internet realize across national borders the success of the die design example. (5) Multi-disciplinary and multi-function comprehensive product design technology The future product development design not only use mechanical scientific theory and knowledge, but also used electromagnetism, optical, control theory knowledge. The development of the product to the performance of multi-objective optimization design, mould products in pursuit of dynamic and static characteristic, efficiency, the precision and the service life, reliability, manufacturing costs and the best combination of manufacturing cycle. (6) The reverse engineering technology application In many cases, some products are not from design concept, but some other products from or physical, the only product prototype or physical model, and no product design under the condition of die design and manufacturing to make a product. This is a place for through the forms of measurement, and then the measurement data of the CAD models and physical structure again, this process is Reverse Engineering RE (Reverse Engineering). Reverse engineering can shorten the cycle of from design to manufacturing, is to help designers realized such modern concurrent engineering design concept of a powerful tool, currently in engineering is getting more and more widely. (7) Rapid forming technology Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing technology RPM (Rapid Prototyping & Manufacturing) is based on the principle of Manufacturing, Rapid Manufacturing a product prototype, and with parts of the geometry of the complex degree not least, especially in a complex curved surface to the shape of the product Manufacturing in can demonstrate its advantages. It not only to be able to quickly create prototype for design evaluation, assembly calibration, function test, and can also through the shape copy rapid economic to create products mould (such as manufacturing electrode for processing EDM, as punch mould casting out and disappear) so as to avoid the traditional mould manufacturing time consuming, the high cost of NC processing, thus RPM technology in mould manufacturing of increasingly played an important role. 3.2 Die software features integrated Die software features integrated requirements of functional modules of the software is complete, while the function module using the same data model, to achieve the integrated management and information sharing, to support the mold design, manufacture, Assembly, inspection, testing, and management of the entire process, achieve optimal efficiency purposes. United Kingdom Delcam company series of software including the surface / solid geometric modeling, rendering complex engineering drawing, industrial design, design expert system of plastic mold, complex body CAM, art and sculpture, reverse engineering system of automatic programming system and online measurement system of complex shapes. Higher degree of integration software include:Pro/ENGINEER, andUG and CATIA . 3.3 Mold design, analysis and manufacture of three-dimensional Traditional two-dimensional mold structure design has become increasingly unsuited to modern production and the integration of technical requirements. Mold design, analysis, fabrication of three dimensional, paper calls for new generation of die software to solid, intuitive feel to the design of the mold, using three dimensional digital model can be easily used in product structure of CAE analysis of manufacturability evaluation and numerical control machining, mold, forming process simulation and information management and sharing. Such as Pro / ENGINEER, UG and CATIA software with parameters, based on feature, all related to the characteristics, so that the mold concurrent engineering to become possible. In addition,Cimatron company Mold expert,Delcam company Ps-mold and Hitachi Space-E/mold is d professional injection mold design software, interactive d -shaped cavities, Core design, configuration and typical structure design of mould. Australia Mold flow simulation software company of three dimension realistic Mold flow Advisers has been widely praised by the user and the application. Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China developed similar software HSC3D4.5F and Zhengzhou University of technology Z-mold software. Manufacturing-oriented, knowledge-based intelligent function is a measure of software, one of the important symbols of the nature and relevance of the die. Cimatron injection molding experts of company software according to release automatically generate parting lines and parting surfaces, and products that correspond to the core and cavity, realize mould base parts, Automatic Bill of material and for NC machining drilling form, intelligent processing parameters setting, processing and results validation and so on. 3.4 Die software application networking trends As mold in Enterprise competition, cooperation, production and management of globalization and internationalization, as well as the rapid development of computer hardware and software technology, online agile manufacturing technology in die and mold industry application of virtual design, both necessary and also possible. United States in the21 century manufacturing enterprise strategy, pointed out that to 2006 years of auto industry agile production / virtual engineering solutions, the vehicle development cycle from 40 months to 4 months. 3.5 Die standardization and technical trend In recent years, the mold industry structure adjustment and reform increased, mainly in, large, sophisticated, complex, long-life, high development faster than General mould of moulds and mould standard parts; plastic mold and die-scaled up; and productivity growth in the number of professional mold factory; "three-capital" and the rapid development of the private sector; joint-stock reform pace. Die standard-applications will become more and more widespread, standardization of mold and mold standard parts can greatly influence the application of mould manufacturing cycle. Die standard-not only can reduce mold manufacturing cycles, and mold can improve quality and reduce tooling costs. At the same time, very broad prospects of rapid economic dies. As people require shorter production cycles, the better of molds, so rapid economic development die more and arouse people's attention. To create a mold for example development of superplastic; with epoxy, polyester, or in which the filler metal, glass and other enhancements make a simple mold. This type of mold manufacturing process is simple, precision control, less shrinkage, low price, high life. Also use a cement-plastic production of automobile Panel die. And low melting point alloy die in, spray molding, casting, precision casting, stacked die, ceramic vacuum forming mold and shape and low cost molds using heat hardening rubber rapid manufacturing, rapid economic dies will be further developed. Quick change die frame, quick change blow in first class are also growing. Quick die change equipment of computer control and robot operation, quick test mode device technologies will also be developed and improved. China's mold industry to further develop the multifunctional complex moulds, apart from forming part of a multifunction die, also folding, locking, tapping, riveting and Assembly tasks. This versatile die are no longer mass produced parts, but a batch of components, such as contact and support components, various core components of micro-motors, electrical and instrument, and so on. The multi-color and multi-material plastic forming mold will also be rapid development. This mold to shorten the production cycle of the product, in different areas will be developed and applied in the future. Hot runner technology application, hot runner mould plastic mould's share will gradually increase. Hot runner technology mold can improve productivity and quality of products, substantial savings products and raw materials, application of this technology developed very rapidly in a foreign country, is very common. National hot runner molds are produced, some enterprises have reached about 30%, but in General, the ratio is too low and needs to be developed. With continuous improvement and development of plastic molding, gas assisted moulds and adapted to the high pressure injection molding process of mould will develop. 4 Mould technology Die collection of mechanical, chemical, optical, materials, electronics, computers, precision monitoring and information networks, and many other subjects, is a comprehensive multidisciplinary systems. Die technology of development trend main is die products towards more large, and more precision, and more complex and the more econ