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復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)（U8-U14） 一、語法： 1、一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。 2、反意疑問句。 3、感嘆句。 4、介詞in ,on和at的用法。 5、構(gòu)詞法：名詞變形容詞，形容詞變副詞。 6、邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答。請(qǐng)求和許可。 7、一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。Will do 和be going to do的區(qū)別：二者都可以表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，有時(shí)可以互換，但又有區(qū)別。表示單純將來的情況；Tom will visit you next week.或表示帶有意愿色彩的將來；Don’t worry, I will help you with your English.或表示客觀上必然發(fā)生的事；I will be twenty next year.或依據(jù)事實(shí)做出科學(xué)的推測(cè)，尤其是天氣預(yù)報(bào)。The radio says it will be rainy at times.以上情況應(yīng)用will結(jié)構(gòu)。如下列句子，不宜用will替換： I am going to see him tomorrow. Tom is going to be a doctor when he grows up. The girl is going to be sick. She looks sad. I think it is going to rain soon. 8、掌握一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別。 二、知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納： 1、remember記得，反義詞為forget 【搭配】 remember to do sth.記得要做…別忘記要做… （某事沒做） remember doing sth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事（某事已做過） remember sth.記得某事 remember me to sb.請(qǐng)代我向……問好 【拓展】 forget to do sth.忘記了去做某事（某事沒做） forget doing sth.忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事（事已做過，但忘記了） forget sth. 忘記某事 【舉例】Remember/Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room. 出去時(shí)別忘了關(guān)燈。 I remember seeing him somewhere before.我記得曾在某地見過他。 Please remember me to your parents.請(qǐng)代我向你的父母親問好。 I forgot to return the book to the library.我忘記將書還給圖書館了。 I forgot returning the book to the library. 我忘記曾將書還給圖書館了。 2、hope希望 【搭配】 hope to do sth.希望做某事I hope to see you soon. hope＋主謂句, 希望……I hope you have a good time. I hope so.希望如此。 I hope not.我不希望如此。 3. a bit =a little 一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，可用來修飾形容詞或副詞。I was a bit/ a little tired. A bit of 后接不可數(shù)名詞，a bit of bread一點(diǎn)面包 not a bit表示“一點(diǎn)也不”；not a little表示“非?！? He is not a bit tired. 他一點(diǎn)也不累He is not a little tired.他非常累。 4、look after…well=take good cake of 好好照顧 5、keep healthy 【搭配】 keep +形容詞，保持某種狀態(tài)I keep busy all the time. keep sb.＋形容詞/介詞…讓某人保持…Please keep the door open. keep doing sth.堅(jiān)持干某事Don’t keep asking so many questions. keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直干某事Don’t keep me waiting long. keep a diary堅(jiān)持寫日記He keeps a diary every day. keep animals飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物Farmers keep animals on the farm. 6、grow up長(zhǎng)大成人 He wants to be a teacher when he grows up. 7、…ago一段時(shí)間+指以現(xiàn)在為終點(diǎn)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以前，不能單獨(dú)使用。 before通常用在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前，還可以單獨(dú)使用。 【舉例】They came to China three years ago. They visited him before Wednesday. I remember reading the book before. 8、enjoy喜歡，喜愛，相當(dāng)于 like或 love 【搭配】 enjoy sth. 喜歡…They enjoy Chinese food very much. enjoy doing sth.喜歡做…Do you enjoy listening to music? enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得愉快He enjoyed himself. 9、how do you like…?=what do you think of…?你覺得…怎幺樣？ 10、be away=be out外出，不在 11、be away from school 離校，缺席He was away from school for two weeks. 12、at the same time They got to the village at the same time. 13、a moment ago=just now剛才，用于一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。 14、reply用做名詞，答復(fù) make a reply 作出答復(fù),make no reply沒有答復(fù) reply 用做動(dòng)詞，回答reply to sb./sth.=answer sb.sth. please reply to/answer my question in English. 15、sell sth, to sb.=sell sb. sth.賣給某人某物 He wants to sell his old bike to me=He wants to sell me his old bike. 16、discuss business together一起談生意 17、by the way順便問一下By the way, why did you call me? 【拓展】 on the/one’s way to…在去某地的途中He is on his way to school. in a/the…way用……方法Can you do it in the same way? 18、have a problem with…無法解決……的毛病，相當(dāng)于there is something wrong with…Do you have any problems with your TV set? 19、put…right使……恢復(fù)正常 Can you put the clock right? 20、have a lot of fun（doing）玩得開心We had a lot of fun in the park. 21、do/take exercise=do sports進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉 22、plan one’s work carefully精心計(jì)劃工作 23、plan to do sth.計(jì)劃做某事We are planning to start next week. 24、make a plan for…為…制定計(jì)劃You’d better make a plan for your study. 25、 drive to …=go to…by car開車去…He drives to work. drive sb. to…開車送某人去…He drives his son to school. 26、have a rest=rest休息He had a rest for an hour=He rested for an hour. 27、have a swim=go swimming游泳 28、go on a trip=have a trip 進(jìn)行旅行He is going on a trip to Japan. 【拓展】 go on with sth.= go on doing sth.繼續(xù)干（同一件事） go on to do sth.繼續(xù)干（另一件事） 【舉例】After having a cup of tea, he went on with his work/working. He finished reading and went on to write his composition. 29、 ask sb. for help 向……求助Why not ask the teacher for help? ask sb. a question向……提問題 ask for sth.要某東西He came to ask for some water. ask sb. about sth.向……詢問有關(guān)…的情況 ask sb. （not）to do sth.請(qǐng)某人（不）做某事 He asked me about the weather in Hainan. Tom asked us to help him with his Chinese. 30、go out for a walk=have a walk=take a walk散步 31、at breakfast早餐時(shí)He read morning paper at breakfast yesterday. 32、say goodbye to向……告別/辭行 say hello to向……打招呼，向……問好 say sorry to向……道歉 say good morning to向……問候早安 say thanks to向……道謝 33、 be useful to sb. 對(duì)某人有用 English is useful to everyone. be useful for sth.對(duì)某物有用Sports and games are useful for health. 34、have a good/bad/ poor memory有很好/很差/很糟糕的記憶力 35、all the time總是，一直，常和always做同義詞組替換。 The boy helps the old man all the time=The boy always helps the old man. 36、 know everything about了解有關(guān)……的一切 know nothing/little about對(duì)……一無所知 know much/ a lot about 對(duì)……了解很多 37、move to＋地點(diǎn)，遷往…，搬到…They moved to Paris last year. 38、good luck to sb. with sth.祝某人走運(yùn)/某事順利 Good luck to you with your Chinese. 39、at first=at the beginning起初，起先 40、主語＋find＋賓語＋名詞/形容詞/介詞短語/動(dòng)詞ing形式 I find English hard. 我覺得英語很難。 I found him a good student.我覺得他是個(gè)好學(xué)生。 I found her in the classroom.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在教室里。 I found a purse lying on the ground.我發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)錢包躺在地上。 41、be in/at a meeting=have a meeting開會(huì) 42、 give a concert舉行音樂會(huì)They gave a concert last night. give a talk做一次演講Mr. Lin gave us a talk yesterday. give sb. a call給…打電話please give me a call. go to a concert參加音樂會(huì)Thanks for asking me to the concert. be in/at a concert在音樂會(huì)上He wants to play in/at the concert. 43、 a visit to…去某地訪問/參觀Is this your first visit to China? be on a visit to…=be visiting在…訪問They are on a visit to Beijing have/make/pay a visit to訪問/參觀He will pay a visit to England. visit 可以做及物動(dòng)詞visit China, visit the History Museum.，visit a friend 44、at that time在那時(shí)There was no hospital in the city at that time. 45、more than＋數(shù)字=over＋數(shù)字，多于，超過，反義詞為less than少于 46、in the middle of…在……的中間He sits in the middle of the classroom. 47、at the end of…在……末（指時(shí)間），在……的盡頭（指地點(diǎn)） We’ll have an exam at the end of this month. We met at the end of the street. 48、in the end=at last=finally最后，終于They arrived there in the end. 49、at the start of=at the beginning of…在……開始（指時(shí)間） At the beginning of the class, we sang an English song. 50、 fall down（from）倒下，摔倒He fell down and broke his left leg. fall off從……上掉下來The boy fell off the tree. fall into跌入（河，水中）He fell into the river./water fall ill患病He fell ill =was ill yesterday. 51、sth. happen to sb.某人發(fā)生了某事；……發(fā)生在某人身上 what happened to him yesterday?昨天他出什幺事了？ 52、sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 I happened to see him in the park.我碰巧在公園見到他。 53、have an accident 發(fā)生事故 have a little accident發(fā)生小事故 54、work out演算，解決work out the maths problem. Work it /them out. 55、hurry to…=go to…in a hurry匆忙趕往…… He hurried to school =He went to school in a hurry. 56、play for a team=be on a team=be amember of a team…是……的成員 He played for the children football team.=He was on the children football team=He was a member of the children football team. 57、 be famous for以…而著稱/聞名Australia is famous for its sheep. be famous as以…的身份出名He is famous as a singer. 58、marry sb. “娶某人” 或“嫁給某人”John married kate 59、marry sb. to sb.“把…嫁給…”He married his daughter to a rich man. be/get married to sb.“和…結(jié)婚”Peter got married to Joe last year. 60、last long持續(xù)久will the bad weather last long? last for＋一段時(shí)間，持續(xù)…The meeting lasted for two hours. last from …to從…持續(xù)到…Winter last from Nov. to Jan. 【拓展】last可做形容詞，表示 最后的，與the連用the last three floors 剛過去的，不與the連用last night/year 61、heavily, heavy 形容雨、雪大，形容風(fēng)大用strong, strongly 形容太陽照得猛烈用bright, brightly The rain/snow was heavy last night=It rained/snowed heavily last night. There was a strong wind=The wind blew strongly. Look! The sun is shining brightly. 62、write down寫下……，記下……，其中down是副詞。 write down the new words=write the new words down.若是代詞作賓語，只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。write it/them down類似的短語還有：put on 穿上，上演take off 脫下turn on 打開（電器等）turn off 關(guān)掉 turn up調(diào)大（音量） turn down關(guān)?。ㄒ袅浚?put away 把…收好take away拿走 give back 歸還work out算出 ring up打電話給… find out 查清，查明look up 查找throw away 丟掉think over 仔細(xì)考慮 pick up 撿起wake up把…弄醒 63、come out出來，出現(xiàn)，（花）開放The flowers start to come out in spring. 【搭配】come along一道走，一起來 come after 跟隨，隨…之后，相當(dāng)于follow come back回來 come up走近，靠近 come on表示說話人的一種催促、勸說、鼓勵(lì)等“快”、“來吧” 64、at a bad/good time of year在一年中不好的/好的時(shí)節(jié)里 65、 get “逐漸變得…” get＋天氣，長(zhǎng)短get warm/cold/long/short turn“變得…” turn＋顏色 turn green/yellow/red能用做聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞的還有：look看起來顯得…look worried ,taste嘗起來…taste delicious, smell聞起來…smell good, sound聽起來sound great, feel覺得…feel happy 66、the best time to do sth.做…的最好時(shí)間It’s the best time to say good bye. 67、Late march 三月底early spring初春early in the morning清晨 68、look unlike 看起來不象 be the most like/unlike 最像/不像 The weather in China is the most unlike that in Australia. 69、Autumn starts in Sep. and goes on to Nov.=Autumn lasts from Sep. to Nov. 70、later on=at a later time過后，以后He’ll visit the Great Wall later on. 71、do some reading讀書After supper, I did some reading. in the north/south/east/west of…在…的北/南/東/西部，在其范圍之內(nèi)。 to the north/south/east/west of…在…以北/南/東/西，不在范圍之內(nèi)，也不接壤。 on the north/south/east/west of…以…的北/南/東/西方，不在范圍之內(nèi)，接壤。 Shanghai /Taiwan is in the east of China.上海在中國(guó)的東部。 Japan is to the east of China.日本在中國(guó)的東部。 Russia is on the northeast of China.俄羅斯在中國(guó)的東北部。 72、North China華北 South China華南 73、at times=sometimes時(shí)常，時(shí)而 It will be cloudy at times. 74、There is a lot of sunshine=It is sunny. 75、There will be a heavy rain=It will rain heavily. 76、stay above zero保持0度以上 fall below zero下降到0度以下 77、ring up給…打電話Peter rang me up just now. 【拓展】表示“打電話”的用語 telephone / phone / call sb. give sb. a call / ring make a telephone / phone call to sb. 78、in the daytime/day 在白天The temperature will stay above zero in the day. 79、at night在夜里（下午6點(diǎn)至午夜）We stay in the open air at night. 80、in the night在夜間The temperature will fall below zero in the night. 81、on the night of…特指在某晚上It happened on the night of Nov.20th. 82、The rain / snow will stop later on=It will stop raining / snowing. 83、It’s good / better / best to do sth.最好做某事 【舉例】It’s good to do morning exercises early in the morning. It’s better to do more speaking if you learn English. 【搭配】 be good for…對(duì)…有好處，適宜于… be good to sb.對(duì)某人友好，相當(dāng)于be kind /friendly to sb. be good at sth. / doing sth擅長(zhǎng)于（做）某事，相當(dāng)于do well in 84、weather report for some cities across the world世界各大城市的天氣預(yù)報(bào) 85、weather report for the next 24 hours未來24小時(shí)天氣預(yù)報(bào)（注意介詞for） 86、make / give a report做報(bào)告make a weather report for today. 87、report ……to 向……報(bào)告I’ll report you to the headmaster. 88、be sure相信，有把握 【搭配】 be sure to do sth.“一定會(huì)…，肯定會(huì)…”表示說話人對(duì)句子主語的推測(cè)和判斷。be sure of sth. / doing sth.“相信”，“有把握”，表示句子主語自信或?qū)δ呈掠邪盐?。be sure ＋從句，表示句中主語對(duì)某事有把握 I am sure （that）he will succeed=He is sure to succeed.他一定會(huì)成功。 He is sure of success.他自信會(huì)成功。 Be sure to do sth.的祈使句表說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆?，“?wù)必”“一定要”. Be sure to come to school earlier tomorrow.明天務(wù)必早點(diǎn)來學(xué)校。 89、 invite sb.邀請(qǐng)某人 invite sb. to somewhere邀請(qǐng)某人去某地He invited me to her party. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事He invited me to have dinner. 90、go to the cinema=go to see a film去看電影 91、hold on=hold on a minute=wait a moment=a moment=hold the line a second. 92、right now=at the moment此刻，現(xiàn)在 93、take a message for sb.為某人捎口信Can I take a message for you? 94、leave a message 留言Please leave a message.請(qǐng)留言。 95、give sb. the message=give the message to sb.把口信給某人 96、sth. be ready某事已準(zhǔn)備好了Supper is ready. be / get ready for sth.為……作準(zhǔn)備I’m getting ready for the final exam. be ready to do sth.“準(zhǔn)備做某事,樂意做某事”He’s ready to help others. get sth. ready 把……準(zhǔn)備好you must get your football shoes ready. 97、There is no time / a little time / some time / enough time to do sth.沒有時(shí)間 / 有點(diǎn)時(shí)間 / 些時(shí)間 /足夠的時(shí)間去做某事。There is a little time for us to havelunch=We have a little time to have lunch.我們還有一點(diǎn)時(shí)間吃午飯。 98、be the same as和……相同，反義詞組是be different from English names are different from Chinese names=English names are not the same as Chinese names. 99、 【搭配】 turn …over 翻轉(zhuǎn)，把……翻過來 turn on 打開（電器，煤氣等） turn off關(guān)掉（電器，煤氣等） turn down 關(guān)小、降低音量 turn up 調(diào)大音量 turn right/left 向右 / 左轉(zhuǎn) 【舉例】Turn over the stone and you’ll find something under the stone He turned on the radio and listened to the weather report. Please remember to turn off the lights when you go out. The recorder is too noisy. Turn it down, please. Turn right / left at the second crossing=Take the second turning on the right / left. 100、ask /tell sb. （not）to do sth. 請(qǐng)求 / 叫某人（不）做某事。 101、 think hard苦苦思索He thought hard, then he had an idea. think about考慮，思考I’m thinking about what to talk about. think of考慮，關(guān)心，想起I can’t think of your name. think over仔細(xì)思考Please think it over before you write. think highly of高度評(píng)價(jià)He thought highly of what you did. 102、be late for sth.晚了，遲了…He was late for the meeting yesterday. be late for doing sth.做……遲了He was late for catching the bus. 103、show可做名詞，“展覽，演出”，也做動(dòng)詞，“出示，給……看，說明” be on show陳列著，展覽中His pictures will be on show next month. a dolphin show海豚展覽I’d like to see the dolphin show show sb sth=show sth. to sb..出示給……Please show me your pass. show sb. around領(lǐng)某人參觀…Please show me around your school. show sb. how to do sth.指導(dǎo)…怎樣做He showed me how to drive a car. show +從句The picture shows what Bob did yesterday. 104、be away from school 離校，缺課I was away from school for two weeks. 105、how long /how often /how soon / how far / how many times /how heavy… 【比較】 how long表某一動(dòng)作狀態(tài)持續(xù)“多久，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間” for＋段時(shí)間 how often 表頻率“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次” once /twice a week, sometimes how soon 表示“將過多久之后”答語是 in ＋一段時(shí)間 how far問路途有“多遠(yuǎn)”答語是two kilometers等 how many times詢問“多少次”答語是once, twice, three times等 【舉例】How long will you stay here? About two hours. How often do you go to the cinema? Once a week How soon will your parents come back? They’ll be back in two weeks. How many times have you been to the cinema this week? Twice. 106、數(shù)字＋more＋名詞，表示“再……，又……” I’ll write two more letters.=I’ll write another two letters.我將再寫兩封信。 Would you like some more tea? No more.你還需要再添一些茶嗎？不再需要。 107、I hope everything goes well.=I hope everything is OK.希望一切順利！ 108、help oneself to…隨便吃點(diǎn)/喝點(diǎn)…Help yourselves to some fish, children. help oneself 隨便用…－May I use your pen?－Help yourself.請(qǐng)隨便用 109、put on“上演，穿衣”We’ll put on plays, too.我們也上演戲劇。 put up舉起，建起Put up your hand if you have any questions. put down放下Put down the bag on the floor. put away把…收拾好It’s hot now, please put away your sweater. put into放進(jìn)，譯成Put these sentences into Chinese.把句子譯成中文。 110、always的反義詞是never，把含有always的句子變成否定句時(shí)，只需把a(bǔ)lways變成never. He is always late for school=He is never late for school