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第七章閱讀理解 要點點撥 閱讀理解題的解題步驟閱讀理解題主要考查學(xué)生的認(rèn)知 閱讀 理解能力以及判斷分析和邏輯推理能力 閱讀理解是提高英語整體能力的重要有效途徑 閱讀是理解的基礎(chǔ) 因此 要大量地閱讀不同的題材的文章 在逐步加快閱讀速度的同時 也能掌握更多的閱讀技巧 閱讀可以按以下幾步進行 1 通讀全文 掌握文章大意 2 仔細(xì)閱讀問題 帶著問題在文中找到相應(yīng)的語句 獲取關(guān)鍵信息 并畫線 標(biāo)號 圈重點 將可從短文中直接獲取的答案找出來 并選出選項 3 分析 判斷 對比 選出選項中符合題意的正確答案 4 如遇生詞 在平時訓(xùn)練的時候 可將關(guān)鍵詞拿到字典中去查閱 并做好單詞積累 考試的時候 盡可能地根據(jù)上下文猜測詞意 理解文章 考點精析 考點1考查閱讀短文 然后單項填空 例1 閱讀短文 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容 選出正確的選項 Oneday MrandMrsWhitegoshoppingbycar Theystoptheircarnearashop Theybuymanythingsfromtheshop Andthethingsareveryheavy sotheywanttoputthemintheircar ButMrWhitecan topenthedoorofthecar Let saskapolicemanforhelp saysMrsWhite Theyaskapolicemantohelpthem Thepolicemanisveryfriendlytohelpthemopenthedoorofthecar Atthattime amancomesupandshouts Whatareyoudoingwithmycar MrandMrsWhitelookatthenumberofthecar thentheysaysorrytotheman 1 MrandMrsWhitegoshopping A bybikeB bybusC bycar 2 Theywantto A puttheheavythingsintotheircarB carrythethingshomeC askapolicemantocarrythethingsforthem 3 MrWhitecan topenthedoorofthecar A butMrsWhitecanB butapolicemancanC butsoontheyopenit 4 helpsthemopenthedoorofthecar A AnoldmanB AyoungwomanC Apoliceman 5 Theylookatandtheyknowtheyarewrong A thepolicemanB themanC thenumberofthecar 解析 這是最常見的一種閱讀理解的題型 根據(jù)前面的方法介紹 先讀故事 找出故事發(fā)生的人物 時間 地點以及故事的起因 經(jīng)過 結(jié)果等要素 然后對照下面每小題的選項 逐步分析 選擇答案 第1 2小題可以直接從短文中獲取答案 第3小題考查MrWhite不能直接打開門之后發(fā)生的事情 短文中有一句 Thepolicemanisveryfriendlytohelpthemopenthedoorofthecar 說明了policeman幫他們打開了車門 這也是第4小題的答案 第5小題前面部分在短文中可以找到原文 也是一個簡單題 答案 1 C2 A3 B4 C5 C 考點2考查閱讀短文 然后判斷對錯 例2 閱讀短文 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容 判斷下列句子的正 T 誤 F DearGaoShan I mwritingtoyouinmybedroom ImissyouandtheotherclassmatesintheUSA I mstudyinginaprimaryschoolinAtlanta 亞特蘭大 I mnotgoodatEnglish MyfriendTimisfromEngland HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish AndIteachhimChinese Allofmyclassmatesherearefromdifferentcountries PeterisEnglish DavidisAustralian NancyisAmerican She sfromNewYork MrBlackismyteacher He sfromCanada Mygoodfriend ChenJieandWuYifanareChinese too They refromHongKong We refromdifferentcountries butwearefriends IwillcomebackthisSpringFestival Yours LiuTao 1 LiuTaoisAmerican 2 LiuTaooftenteachesTimChinese 3 PeterandDavidarefromthesamecountry 4 MrBlackisn tChinese He sJapanese 5 NowLiuTaoandhisclassmatesareinAmerica 解析 判斷對錯的題在短文閱讀中是相對簡單的一個題型 但是判斷句和原文的不同 常常只在細(xì)節(jié)之處呈現(xiàn) 如人名 時間 地點 性別等 甚至是一個單詞的不同 細(xì)心是做這種題的關(guān)鍵 另外 本題考查學(xué)生對幾個常見的國家和國人的名詞的掌握情況 學(xué)生對這方面的內(nèi)容要有所涉及有所掌握 答案 1 F2 T3 F4 F5 T 考點3考查閱讀短文 然后回答問題 例3 閱讀短文 回答下列問題 Once Goethe 歌德 thegreatGermanpoet 詩人 waswalkinginapark Hewasthinkingaboutsomethingwhenhenoticed 意識到 hecametoavery verynarrowroad Justatthattime ayoungmancametowardshimfromtheotherendoftheroad Itwastoonarrowforbothofthemtopassthroughatthesametime Theystoppedandlookedateachotherforawhile Thentheyoungmansaidrudely 粗魯?shù)?Inevermakeway 讓路 forafool ButGoethesmiledandsaid Ialwaysdo Thenheturnedbackquicklyandwalkedtowardstheendoftheroad 1 WherewasGoethewalking 2 WhocametowardsGoethefromtheotherendoftheroad 3 Wastheroadtoonarrowforbothofthemtopassthroughatthesametime 4 DidtheyoungmanmakewayforGoethe 5 Whoturnedbackquicklyandwalkedtowardstheendoftheroad 解析 做此類題 要倒轉(zhuǎn)過來看 先讀題目 然后再帶著問題 通讀全文 把握文章的意思 再研究和問題相關(guān)的句子或關(guān)鍵詞 哪怕是可以找到答案的原文 也不主張全句照搬 抄寫 而是要做到緊扣問題 簡單明了地回答 可能的話 避開語法點 降低錯誤率 從而減少失分率 本題難度較大 講的是大詩人歌德讓路的一個故事 其中對白部分 Theyoungmansaidrudely Inevermakewayforafool ButGoethesmiledandsaid Ialwaysdo 是本篇短文的難點所在 仔細(xì)分析but一詞 以及Ialwaysdo 的意思 可知他的意思是healwaysmakeswayforafool 且最后他madewayfortheyoungman 答案 1 Inapark Hewaswalkinginapark 2 Ayoungman AyoungmancametowardsGoethe 3 Yes itwas 4 No hedidn t 5 Goethe 考點4考查閱讀對話 然后根據(jù)對話填空 例4 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容填空 每空一詞 Tom Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend Mary Iamgoingtoplantsomeflowersinmygarden Tom Flowers Mary Yes somebeautifulflowers Tom Howdoyouplantflowers Mary First digaholeinthesoil thenputsomeseedsinthesoil Tom That sall Mary Thenyouhavetowateritandwaitforittogrow Tom Thatsoundslikefun Mary CometomyhouseonSaturdaymorning Andwe llplantflowerstogether Tom OK great 1 Marywantstoplant inhergarden 2 Maryisgoingtodoitthis morning 3 Tom knowhowtoplantflowers 4 Marydigsaholeinthe first 5 Tomthinksitis toplantsomeflowers 解析 此題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容填空 解答此類試題一般先通讀全文 了解大意 然后再結(jié)合題目細(xì)讀文章 找出答案 這段對話講的是Mary打算種花及Tom詢問種花的過程 第1題從語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析 缺少賓語 從對話的第2行中就能找到答案 第2題考查時間狀語 從對話的倒數(shù)第2行可以找到答案 第3題從第5行可以看出Tom不知道怎么樣種花 第4題講的是種花的第一步應(yīng)該做什么 從對話的第6行中就可以找到答案 第5題講的是Tom對種花的態(tài)度 從對話倒數(shù)第3行可以找到答案 答案 1 flowers2 Saturday3 doesn t4 soil5 fun 過關(guān)檢測 一 閱讀短文 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容 判斷下列句子的正 T 誤 F AMyname sBob I mfromAmerica IliveinShanghaiwithmyparents IstudyChineseinanAmericanschoolinShanghai Therearefortystudentsinourclass OurChineseteacherisMissLing She sanicelady She syoungandactive Wehavesixlessonsaday NowIcanspeakalittleChinese IhavegotagoodChinesefriend WangHua Weoftenplayfootballtogetherafterschool SometimeshehelpsmewithmyChineseandIhelphimwithhisEnglish 1 BobisanAmericanboy 2 BobisstudyingChineseintheUSA 3 MissLingisanEnglishteacher 4 BobcanspeakverygoodChinese 5 SometimesBobhelpsWangHuawithhisEnglish T F F F T BTimwassevenyearsold andhissisterwasfive Oneday theirmotherwantedtogoshopping sosheaskedtheiraunttolookafterthem Thetwochildrenplayedforalongtime Atfouro clockintheafternoon theirauntgaveTimanappleandaknife Shesaidtohim nowhere saknife Tim Cutthisappleintotwopieces Andthenpleasegiveonepiecetoyoursister butremembertodoitlikeagentleman Likeagentleman Timasked Howdoesagentlemandoit Healwaysgivesthebigpiecetootherperson hisauntanswered Oh Isee Thenhegavehissistertheappleandsaidtoher Pleasecutitintotwopieceslikeagentleman Joan 1 Timwastwoyearsolderthanhissister 2 JoanwasTim slittlesister 3 Tim smumwantedtogoswimmingwithherfriends 4 Atfouro clockintheafternoon thechildren sauntgavethemtwoapplesandaknife 5 Timwantedthebigpieceoftheapple T T F F T CMostpeoplehaveaboss Ihaveaboss too Butmybossisalittleunusual Hegoestoworkwithhisbigdog Manypeoplehavedogs butfewbringtheirdogstowork Myboss sdogBobisbigandbrown Mybossbringshimtoworkeveryday Hetakesthedogtomeetwithpeopleandhavelunch Whenthereisacallformyboss Ialwaysknowifheisintheofficeornot Ionlylookunderhisdesk IfIseethedog Iknowmybossisintheoffice Ifthereisnodog Iknowmybossisout 1 MybossisBob sclassmate 2 Mybossisthesameasotherbosses 3 Bobgoestomeetwithpeopleinsteadof 代替 myboss 4 Ithinkmybosslikeshisdog 5 Ialwaysknowifmybossisintheoffice F F F T T 二 閱讀短文 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容 選出正確的選項 ATheNewYear sEvepartywasgoingon Thenthebellrang atallmanopenedthedoorandcamein Nobodyknewhim butthehostwentoverandtookhimin Themansattherehappilyforhalfanhouranddrank Thenhesaid Nobodyinvitedmetothisparty Idon tknowyou oranyoneelsehere Ourfamilywantedtogoout butoneofyourfriends carwasinfrontofourgate soIcameheretofindhim andmywifeisstillwaitinginourcar 1 Whendidthestoryhappen A At7 00 B InNovember C OnNewYear sEve 2 The bell heremeansthe A timebellB doorbellC churchbell 3 Thehostwenttomeetandtookhiminbecausehethoughthewas A oneofhisguestsB hisbrotherC hisclassmate 4 Thetallman swifewaitedinthecarfor A anhourB twohoursC halfanhour 5 Atlast thehostmightbealittle A afraidB surprisedC worried C B A C B BOneday anoldmanissellingabigelephant Ayoungmancomestotheelephantandbeginstolookatitslowly Theoldmangoestohimandsaysinhisear Don tsayanythingabouttheelephantbeforeIsellit andthenIwillgiveyousomemeat Allright saystheyoungman Aftertheoldmansellstheelephant hegivestheyoungmansomemeatandsays Howcanyouseethebadearsoftheelephant Idon tseethebadears saystheyoungman Thenwhydoyoulookattheelephantslowly askstheoldman Theyoungmananswers BecauseIneversawanelephantbefore andIwanttoknowwhatitlookslike 1 Oneday is are sellinganelephant A ayoungmanB anoldmanC ayoungmanandanoldman 2 Theoldmanaskstheyoungmanto beforehesellstheelephant A lookattheelephantB saynothingabouttheelephantC buysomemeat B B 3 Theyoungmanlooksattheelephantslowlybecause A helikeselephantsB hecan tseeitclearlyC heneversawanelephantbefore 4 Infact theyoungmandoesn tfindtheelephant s A badearsB badeyesC badnose 5 Atlast theyoungmangets A theelephantB somemeatC somemoney C A B COnSundays Tomusuallygetsupat9o clock Today Tomgotupatsixbecausehewasgoingtogoonapicnicwithhisparents Butitwasraining sotheycouldn tgoonapicnicinthepark Tomwenttothekitchenandsaidtohismum Wecan thaveapicnicinthepark Mumsaid Waitaminute Then Mumtookoutthefood afanandarecorder 錄音機 It sjustlikeinthepark acoolwindandthebirds singing Mumsaid 1 Tomusuallygetsupat9o clock A onMondaysB onSundaysC onThursdays 2 Tomgotupat today A sixB sevenC eight 3 Therewas inTom shome A birds singingB acoolwindC bothAandB 4 WhydidTomgetupsoearlyonSunday A Becausehehadtogotoschool B Becausehehadtodohishomework C Becausehewouldgoonapicnicwithhisparents 5 Whatwastheweatherlikethatday A Itwassunny B Itwaswindy C Itwasrainy B A C C C 三 閱讀短文 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容 回答下列問題 ATomorrowisthesecondofSeptember It sSunday AnditisJane sbirthday Janeisgoingtobetwelvetomorrow HerparentsaregoingtohavethebirthdaypartyatarestaurantbecauseJanelikesthefoodthere Jane steacherMissBrownandfifteenofherfriendsaregoingtotheparty Jane sparentslovetheironlydaughter Nowtheyareshopping Theyaregoingtobuyanewdressforher Andtheyaregoingtobuyabigtoypanda too Theyneedn tbuythebirthdaycakeandotherfoodbecausetherestaurantwillgetreadyforthem It llservethemthebirthdaycake thefoodanddrinks andsomepresents 1 Whatdayisittomorrow 2 HowoldwillJanebetomorrow 3 HowmanyJane sfriendswillbeattheparty 4 WhatareJane sparentsgoingtobuy 5 NeedJane sparentsbuythebirthdaycakeandanyotherfood It sSunday Shewillbe12 twelve Fifteen 15 Theyaregoingtobuyadressandabigtoypanda No theyneedn t BTodayisaholiday BenwantstogototheCityParkwithhisclassmates HeputsonhisnewT shirtandwhitecap Hewalkstothebusstop Thebusstopisnearhishome Heandhisclassmatesaregoingtomeetthere Itisquitealongwayfromhishometothepark SotheyaregoingtotheCityParkbybus TheyaregoingtotaketheNo 13bus Theywanttoseeaflowershowthere Benthinksthattheyaregoingtohaveagoodtime Andhisfathertoldhimtobuysomebeautifulflowers becausenextMondayishismother sbirthday 1 WhereareBenandhisclassmatesgoing 2 Howaretheygoingthere 3 IsitnearfromBen shometothepark 4 Whichbusaretheygoingtotake 5 WhyisBengoingtobuyflowers TheyaregoingtotheCityPark Theyaregoingtherebybus No itisn t TheNo 13bus BecausenextMondayishismother sbirthday CJimisastudentofGradesix Heusuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriendsontheweekend Butlastweekend hestayedathomeanddidhousework Becausehisdadwenttoanothercity Andhismumwassick Shehadafever Inthemorning hewenttothehospitalwithhismum Intheafternoon Jimcleanedtheroom washedclothesandcookedthemeals Hermotherwasveryhappy 1 WhatdoesJimusuallydoontheweekend 2 Whydidhedothehousework 3 Whatdidhedointhemorning 4 Didhedothedishesintheafternoon 5 Howdidhismumfeel Jimusuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriends Becausehisdadwenttoanothercity andhismumwassick hadafever Hewenttothehospitalwithhismum No hedidn t Hismumfeltveryhappy 四 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空 每空一題 ASusanhasfoursisters TheyareBetty Holly RoseandAnn Susanistheoldestofthefive Bettyisthirteenyearsold SheistwoyearsyoungerthanSusanandoneyearolderthanHolly RoseisnineandAnnisseven SusanandBettystudyinamiddleschool Holly RoseandAnnstudyinaprimaryschool Theprimaryschoolisneartheirhome Theywalkthere Themiddleschoolisalittlefar SusanandBettygotherebybike Thereare1 childreninSusan sfamily Susanis2 yearsold Hollyis3 yearsold Susanisthe4 girlinthefamily Annisthe5 inthefamily 6 and7 aremiddleschoolstudents 8 9 and10 areprimaryschoolstudents five 15 fifteen 12 twelve oldest youngest Susan Betty Holly Rose Ann BWeatherforecasts 天氣預(yù)報 helpustodecidewhattodo Ithelpsustodecidewheretogo Italsohelpsusdecidewhattowear Itcanalsosavelives Forecasters 預(yù)報員 canwarnpeoplewhenahurricane 颶風(fēng) oratyphooniscoming Theycantelluswherethehurricanesortyphoonsgo Thishelpspeopletomoveawayfromthemandstaysafe Soweatherforecastsareveryimportanttous Weather1 helpusto2 whattodo wheretogoand3 towear Itcanalso4 lives Forexample 5 canwarnpeoplewhena6 oratyphooniscoming Theycantellus7 thehurricanesortyphoonsgo Thishelpspeopleto8 away9 themandstay10 forecasts decide what save Forecasters hurricane where move from safe CEverymorningMikegoestoworkbytrain Hehaslongtrip sohealwaysbuysanewspaper Ithelpstomakethetimepassmorequickly OneTuesdaymorning heturnedtothesportspage Hewantedtoreadanarticleaboutanimportantfootballmatch Thearticlewassointerestingthatheforgottogetoffathisstation Hedidn tknowituntilhesawthesea Hegotoffatthenextstation andhadtowaitforalongtimeforatraintogoback Hegottotheofficeverylate Hisbosswasveryangrywithhim Mikegoestoworkby1 everymorning Ashehasalongtrip healwaysbuysa2 Ithelps3 passmorequickly OneTuesdaymorning heturnedtothe4 page Hewantedtoreadanarticleaboutanimportant5 match Thearticlewassointerestingthathe6 togetoffathisstation Hedidn tknowituntilhesawthe7 Hegotoffatthenextstation andhadto8 foralongtimeforatraintogoback Hegottothe9 verylate sohisbosswasvery10 train newspaper time sports football forgot sea wait office angry