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1、九年級被動語態(tài)專練 學習目標：掌握各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 能夠正確的把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài) 掌握被動語態(tài)的各種特殊用法 重難點：被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊用法 一、語態(tài)概述 英語中動詞有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種語態(tài). 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者, 在被動語態(tài)中動作的執(zhí)行者有時用by短語表示出來. 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。巧記為：主動、主動、主去動。 例如：Many people speak English.（謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。） 被動語態(tài)表示

2、主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。 巧記為：被動、被動、主被動。 例如：English is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。 二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以do 為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。 歌訣是：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面。 公式為： be（有時態(tài)的變化）+動詞的過去分詞 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時： am (is, are) done.（every day,

3、usually, often …） 2. 一般過去時： was (were) done (yesterday, last night/week/month/year,in1885…) 3. 一般將來時： will (shall) be done ( next week/month/year, in the future…) * 4. 現(xiàn)在進行時： am (is, are) being done ( now, these days, Look! Listen! …) * 5. 現(xiàn)在完成時： have (has) been done （since+clause/ the past tim

4、e, for + some time , so far, these days…） 6. 帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done 7 不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu) to+ be+動詞的過去分詞 三、被動語態(tài)的用法 (歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要 動作承受者需強調(diào)，被動語態(tài)運用到。) 1 不知動作執(zhí)行者時,常用被動語態(tài). eg. This car is made in America. 2. 不必要說出動作執(zhí)行者時,常用. eg. Rome was not built in a

5、day. 3. 為了突出強調(diào)動作的承受者時,常用被動語態(tài). eg. English is spoken in many countries . 四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 (1)把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。 (2)把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be＋過去分詞) (根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。 (3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。 例如： All the people laughed at him.---- He was laughed at by all people.

6、 They make the bikes in the factory. -----The bikes are madeby themin the factory. 歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。 謂語動詞變被動，be后“過分”來使用。 五、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。 歌訣是：情態(tài)動詞變被動，情態(tài)加be加“過分”， （情態(tài)動詞）原來帶to要保留。 例如： 1 We can repair this watch in t

7、wo days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. 2 You ought to take it away. →It ought to be taken away. 3 They should do it at once.→It should be done at once. 六、從初中階段所學五種基本句型談變被動語態(tài)時應注意的問題。 1．主語 + 連系動詞 + 表語 (S+V+P) 此結(jié)構(gòu)不可用被動語態(tài)。 (正) The flowers smell sweet. (誤) The flowers are smelt sw

8、eet. 2．主語 + 不及物動詞 (S+V) 此結(jié)構(gòu)不可變被動語態(tài)。 (正) An accident happened last night. (誤) An accident was happened last night. 3．主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語 (S + V+ O) （1）將主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語 Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children. （2）將含有介詞或副詞的動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，不可將介詞或副詞去掉。 We should listen to the

9、 teachers carefully. The teachers should be listened to carefully. 4．主語 + 及物動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 (S + V+ IO+ DO) （1）.將表人的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語不變。 He showed us a picture . We were shown a picture. （2）.將指物的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for. 常用加to的動詞give, show, pass, read等 常用加for的動詞 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A

10、 picture was shown to us. A dictionary was bought for me by my parents. 5． 主語+及物動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語 (S+ V+ O + C) 如動詞為 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接賓語補足語為不帶“to”不定式時，變被動語態(tài)時要加上“to” 。 I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree. 6. "be + 過去分詞" 并非都是被動語態(tài)，系動詞 be, feel, seem, look,等詞后面的過去

11、分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，作表語用，表示某種狀態(tài)。 I'm interested in mathematics. 我對數(shù)學感興趣。 *7. 某些動詞用主動語態(tài)來表示被動含義。The woman's clothes sell well. 女裝賣的快。This book sells best.這本書很暢銷. 課內(nèi)探究案 I 思考一：各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 時態(tài) 被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) 一般將來時 一般過去時 一般將來時 現(xiàn)在進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 含有情態(tài)動詞 練習鞏固：用所給動詞的適當形式填空 1. Our TV set _______________

12、 (repair) yesterday. 2. A new building __________________ (build) in our school next year. 3. Many books on science _________________ (buy) since I went to college. 4. Now he _________ (be) asked if the meeting ____________ (hold) next Friday. 5. Your school bag _______________ (must not put) th

13、ere. 6. __________ this kind of bike____________ (make) in the USA? 思考二：怎樣把一個句子由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)？ People speak English in many countries. English is spoken in many countries. 1. They often plant trees in spring every year. 2. We will hold the sports meeting next time 3. Did your father write th

14、e book? 4. Where do they make the machine?. 思考三： 含有雙賓語的句子怎樣變被動語態(tài)？ 例如： Jim gave her a book. She was given a book by Jim. A book was given to her by Jim. 1. The teacher showed the children a beautiful picture. _____________________________________________ ___________________

15、__________________________ 2. My father bought me a new bike. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 常和to 連用的動詞有那些？ 常和for連用的動詞有那些？ 思考四：動詞不定式做賓語補足語的句子怎樣變被動？ ask sb to do sth-----__________________________ tell sb to do sth-----_________

16、_________________ make sb do sth-----___________________________ see sb do sth-----_____________________________ 練習鞏固：用所給動詞的適當形式填空 1. The baby _______ （make）___________ (cry) by his sister. 2. Jim _________often______ (hear) _________ (sing) in the room. 3. Jack _________(ask) ____________(a

17、nswer) the question in French. 4. The Browns ___________(see) ____________(leave) the hotel already. V. 思考五：有關(guān)被動語態(tài)的幾種句型 1. need/want/require + doing = need/want/require + to be done 2. It is said that… 據(jù)說 It is reported that …據(jù)報道 It is thought that …大家認為 It is believed that…有人相信 3. 復合句

18、變被動，主從句都要變 If a computer is bought for me , the work will be finished more quickly VI.思考六： 不用被動語態(tài)的動詞： 1. 不及物動詞（vi.) 如: happen, take place, appear, disappear … A traffic accident ________ (happen) just now. 2. 連系動詞（Link.v.) 如：be, lo

19、ok, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become… Peking Opera ________ (sound) beautiful 3. 當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候: The pen _________ (write) very fast. This kind of sweater _______ (sell) well. 小結(jié)：關(guān)于被動語態(tài)的幾種用法你掌握了嗎？ 課后提升案 一． 單項選擇( ) ( )1 The old man and the children must __

20、__________ in our country. A take good care B. be taken good care C. take care of D. be taken good care of ( )2 Look! A big modern building ________ in our city. A is built B. was being built C. is being built D. has built ( )3 Many more houses ______ for teachers since l

21、ast year. A are building B. built C. have built D. have been built ( ) 4 A man ________ cry for help last night. A was heard to B. hear to C. was heard D heard to ( ) 5 I think computer ________ in everyday life before long. A will be B. will be used C. is used D. was used (

22、 ) 6 Old people must be looked after and ________ politely. A speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 7 The flowers _________ often. A must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water ( ) 8 This kind of shoes ________ well last year. A. didn’t sell B. se

23、ll C. aren’t sell D. wasn’t sell 二． 用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。 1. This kind of bike ________(sell) in the New Century Supermarket. It _______(sell) well. 2. I will go to the party if I ___________(invite). 3. It __________(say) that he is a government officer. 4. The flowers need ___________(water) eve

24、ry day.. 5. He is often noticed____________(sit) at the table alone. 6. An accident ___________(happen) here last week. 7. So far, many man-made satellites _______________(send) up into the space. 8. The 30th Olympic Games ____________(hold) in London in 2012. 9. The road _______________(repair

25、) now. 10. The People’s Republic of China _________ (found) on October1, 1949. 學后反思 這節(jié)課我學到了什么？ 我還存在哪些問題？ 被動語態(tài)專項練習 一、選擇題 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build ( )2.An accident ____ on thi

26、s road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened ( )3.Cotton （棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow ( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already. A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited (

27、 )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week. A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl no

28、w. A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done ( )8.Neither of them ______ in China. A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made ( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher. A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws ( )10.Your sho

29、es ____. You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn ( )11.The doctor _____ for yet. A.isn't sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent D.wasn't sent ( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year. A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used

30、 D.are; used ( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world. A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known ( )14.I ____ in summer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born ( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week. A.is sent B.would send C.was sent

31、 D.will be sent ( )16.Who _____ this book _____? A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written ( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to ( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday. A.was told us B

32、.was told to us C.is told us D.told us ( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump ( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair. A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put ( )21.Older people ____ well. A.looks after B.must be lo

33、oked after C.must look after D.looked after ( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully. A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened 二、 用動詞的正確語態(tài)填空。（綜合運用） 1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 2. That play ________(put) on aga

34、in sometime next month. 3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop. 5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of? It _______________(make) of metal and wood. 6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday. 7.

35、______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library? 8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day. 9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime. 10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already. 11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan. 12. Apples _________ _____

36、___(grow) in this farm. 13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China. 14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling. 15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985. 16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here. 17. A beau

37、tiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day. 18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang. 19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school. 20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927. 21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French. 22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city? 23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet? Yes, I _______(see) it last week. 24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980 25. Listen! Someone _________(sing). 26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.