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Module 4 Carnival I. 模塊教學目標 技能目標Skill Goals ▲ Talk about carnival and other festivals at home and abroad ▲ Express likes, dislikes and preferences ▲ Review the passive voice ▲ Write an email about a Chinese festival II. 目標語言 功 能 句 式 Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences: —Do you like fish? —No, I don’t. I hate it. Yes, I do. I quite like it. I love it. I quite like it. I really like it. It’s OK. I don’t think much of it. I hate it. 詞 匯 1. 四會詞匯 carnival, Christian, ghost, costume, confusion, firearm, empire, memory, council, elegant, magic, era, calendar, dove, bean, flour, garlic, onion, pea, pork, sausage, herb, ingredient, relaxing, whistle, tasty, parade, multicultural, plantation, trade, landowner, master, magnificent, celebration, freedom 2. 復習詞匯 vocabulary about food: ban, cabbage, chicken, dance, decide, discover, festival, fire, follow, hold, know, origin, mystery, pork, throw, tradition 3. 固定詞組 come to an end, dress up, consist of 4. 重點詞匯 hide, extend, pretend, book (v.), revive, wander, mark, transport, import, abolish, unite, origin 語 法 Passive voice: 1. In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. 2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. 重 點 句 子 1. This is when Americans remember the hard times when they first arrived in the country. P31 2. Have you dressed up in special clothes? P31 3. The sounds and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere. P32 4. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. P32 5. For weeks on end people walked round the street wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognized. P32 6. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. P32 7. Many crimes went unpunished. P33 8. If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. P33 9. There must be a million people here. P38 10. With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival,too. P38 Ⅲ. 教材分析與教材重組 1. 教材分析 本模塊以Carnival為話題，介紹狂歡節(jié)的歷史、發(fā)展、種類及人們的活動、飲食和習俗，并由此引導學生聯(lián)想、討論中國的節(jié)日，旨在通過學習本模塊使學生掌握有關(guān)節(jié)日和食物的詞匯、句型，從而不但了解外國的狂歡節(jié)，而且對我國的節(jié)日也有進一步了解，進而拓展社會文化背景、增加跨國文化知識；使學生鞏固表達喜好的方式，復習并掌握被動語態(tài)的用法；能夠根據(jù)要求描寫一個中國的節(jié)日,能表達自己的觀點和想法。 1.1 INTRODUCTION Speaking 以五幅關(guān)于外國著名節(jié)日的圖片和它們的簡要描述切入話題，使學生通過討論激活關(guān)于節(jié)日話題的背景知識,了解這五個著名節(jié)日的習俗及意義，以激起學生的學習興趣; 第二個活動引導學生列出中國節(jié)日的名稱和日期; 第三個活動以一幅圖畫和幾個問題引導學生回顧節(jié)日期間的特殊著裝; 第四個活動是選出節(jié)日期間做的事情,為本模塊的學習作好鋪墊。 1.2 READING AND VOCABULARY 課文以Carnival為話題，介紹了狂歡節(jié)的由來和發(fā)展、威尼斯狂歡節(jié)和美洲狂歡節(jié)的特點及異同。通過課文前后的四個相關(guān)練習，使學生了解、學習相關(guān)詞匯和課文主旨。 與課文相關(guān)的練習：Task 1是要求學生瀏覽課文后選出文中涉及話題，潛移默化中培養(yǎng)學生skimming 這一重要閱讀技巧；Task 2是考察對文章細節(jié)的理解，有助于學生從微觀的角度來理解課文； Task 3 && 4詞匯、短語練習，找出文中一些較為復雜的詞匯和短語的解析，從而為近一步的閱讀理解掃除障礙。 1.3 GRAMMAR (Review of the passive voice) 通過一系列語法練習，旨在使學生復習并掌握被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的使用。 1.4 VOCABULARY AND LISTENING 該部分有兩項任務，一是復習關(guān)于食物的一些詞語，為下一步的聽力作鋪墊。二是聽關(guān)于四種節(jié)日的材料，然后完成與錄音內(nèi)容相關(guān)的練習，訓練學生聽和理解各種節(jié)日的能力。 1.5 EVERYDAY ENGLISH 通過選擇8個短語的正確的意思而掌握這些日常用語。 1.6 FUNCTION（Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences）通過三步訓練掌握表達喜好的方式。 三步練習逐步遞近,環(huán)環(huán)相扣。 1.7 READING AND WRITING 讀一封電子郵件，劃出其中用來描述氛圍、音樂和食物的形容詞，并從這三個方面來描述一個中國節(jié)日。 1.8 CULTURAL CORNER 通過閱讀有關(guān)狂歡節(jié)意義的文章，拓寬學生有關(guān)這一節(jié)日的知識面和相關(guān)詞匯量，從而讓學生了解任何一個節(jié)日都是由其歷史淵源的。 1.9 TASK 讓學生在小組討論的基礎(chǔ)上，寫一段文字介紹一個中國節(jié)日。 1.10 MODULE FILE 部分簡要總結(jié)了本模塊的重點詞匯、語法、重點句型、短語及日常用語?？傊?，通過本模塊的系統(tǒng)學習，讓學生了解狂歡節(jié)以及世界各國的節(jié)日及民俗，學習有關(guān)節(jié)日和食物的詞匯，并能夠豐富語言知識，提升用英語表達觀點的能力。 2. 教材重組 2.1口語課 將INTRODUCTION、EVERYDAY ENGLISH和FUNCTION三部分形成一節(jié)口語課。在討論所給圖片上五個著名外國節(jié)日的基礎(chǔ)上，補充討論中國節(jié)日的來歷、意義和風俗。激活學生盡可能多的關(guān)于節(jié)日的詞匯，為后面的讀、聽、寫作鋪墊，同時激發(fā)學生的學習熱情。 2.2閱讀課 VOCABULARY AND READING兩部分可以整合為一體，設計成一節(jié)閱讀課。 2.3語法課 本節(jié)課前十五分鐘用來復習課文內(nèi)容，復習被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，練習WORKBOOK 中相關(guān)題目，并鏈接高考題中對此語法項目的考查點。 2.4聽力課 將課文中的VOCABULARY AND LISTENING和WORKBOOK 中的Listening and Speaking整合為一節(jié)聽力課。 2.5泛讀課 將CULTURAL CORNER與WORKBOOK中Reading 部分放在一起，再加入課外閱讀材料，擴大節(jié)日這一話題信息量,上一節(jié)泛讀課。 2.6 寫作課　把 READING AND WRITING, TASK 與WORKBOOK 中Speaking and writing 放在一起，上一節(jié)寫作課。 3. 課型設計與課時分配 (經(jīng)分析教材, 本模塊可以用六課時教完) 1st Period Speaking 2nd Period Reading 3rd Period Grammar 4th Period Listening 5th Period Extensive Reading 6th Period Writing （以上課時分配與教材重組，僅供參考，教師可因時因地因人而異，不必拘泥于此。) IV. 分課時教案 The First Period Speaking Teaching goals 教學目標 1. Target language 目標語言 a. 重點詞匯和短語 carnival, Christian, ghost b. 交際用語 1. This is a ... festival which comes in... 2. The festival is at the end of ..., when... 3. Have you ever dressed up in special clothes? 4. Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences: —Do you like fish? — No, I don’t. I hate it. Yes, I do. I quite like it. I hate it. I love it. It’s OK. I quite like it. I really like it. I don’t think much of it. 2. Ability goals能力目標 Enable the students to talk about some foreign festivals and customs. 3. Learning ability goals 學能目標 Help the Ss learn how to talk about festivals with the target language. Teaching important &difficult points 教學重難點 How to talk about festivals and customs at festivals and how to express likes, dislikes and preferences. Teaching methods 教學方法 Elicitation, discussion, listening and pair work. Teaching aids 教具準備 A computer, a projector and a tape recorder. Teaching procedures & ways 教學過程與方式 Step I Lead-in Show the word “FESTIVALS” on the screen and then encourage the students to talk about as much about festivals in China as possible. T: Hello, everybody! As we all know, China, our great motherland, has a long history. So we have various festivals today. Look at the screen, please. What do you think of after you read the word “festivals”? Why do you think so? Ss: We like festivals very much. That’s because we can get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life. Step II Speaking 1 T: Who can talk something about festivals in China? Volunteers! S1: The Spring Festival is the most important festival in our country, when I usually get much lucky money from my parents, grandparents and my relatives. At the Spring Festival I needn’t go to school and there is lots of delicious food to eat. How great it is! What’s more, I can meet my cousins and old friends who I haven’t seen for a long time and we can have a very good time together. T: Excellent work! Now let’s talk more about FESTIVALS, which are meant to celebrate important events and persons. Please think about other Chinese festivals and when they are celebrated. FESTIVALS Chinese Festivals Date Chinese Festivals Date S2: New Year (January 1st), Yuanxiao Festival (15 days after the Spring Festival). S3: That’s also called the Lantern Festival. It’s the 15th day of the first lunar month, when we eat special sweet dumplings called Yuanxiao and enjoy displayed lanterns. And we enjoy beautiful fireworks, too. T: You have done a good job. What are the other festivals? S4: International Women’s Day. It is on March 8. S5: Arbor Day on March 12th. S6: International Labor Day and Chinese Youth Day. S7: International Children’s Day. T: Yes. Do you know other Chinese festivals? S8: Army Day is on August 1st and Teachers’ Day is on September 10th. S9: National Day on October 1st. T: Excellent work! Those are mostly the legal holidays in our country. There are also some traditional Chinese festivals celebrated according to the lunar calendar. Do you know some other traditional festivals? List some of them, please. S10: Qingming Festival in memory of the dead or the heroes on April the fifth. T: It’s called Tomb Sweeping Festival. Another one? S11: Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in memory of the great poet - Qu Yuan. S12: Mid-Autumn Festival on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. T: You’ve done a good job, boys and girls! You have named so many festivals. I’m proud of you for you are so well-informed. Look at the screen and I’ll show you a table: Chinese Festivals Date Chinese Festivals Date New Year January 1st Teachers’ Day September 10th International Women’s Day March 8. National Day October 1st Arbor Day March 12th the Spring Festival. Lunar New Year International Labor Day May 1st Pure Brightness Day April the fifth. Chinese Youth Day May 4th. Dragon Boat Festival the fifth day of the fifth lunar month International Children’s Day June 1st Mid-Autumn Festival the 5th day of the 8th lunar month. Army Day August 1st Lantern Festival the 15 day of the 1st lunar month. Step III Speaking 2 T: Ok! We have got lots of information about Chinese festivals. Would you like to know something about some foreign festivals? Ss: Yes! Of course! T: What’s the most important festival in western countries? Ss: Christmas! T: That’s right! Please look at the pictures on page 31, and then match the festivals with the descriptions. If you know some information about the festivals, please talk about them with your partners. S1: Christmas is both a legal and religious holiday, which observes the anniversary of the birth of Jesus. All states and all those of the Christian faith celebrate this holiday on which people give each other presents and best wishes while the children believe that the presents come from Father Christmas. So I think the first description can be matched with the festival of Christmas. S2: Yes. I can’t agree with you more. I guess Holi is a festival with color, which marks the beginning of spring in India. That’s because the people in the picture are colored heavily. But I know no more about it. T: That’s Ok. The festival of Holi is celebrated on the day after the full moon in early March every year. Apart from the usual fun with colored powder and water, Holi is marked by vibrant processions that are accompanied by folk songs, dances and a general sense of abandoned vitality. Who’d like to say something else about other festivals and their descriptions? S3: There is so much delicious food on Thanksgiving Day, so it must be when Americans remember the hard times when they first arrived in the country. T: The food is turkey(火雞), corn and pumpkin pies(南瓜派). Thanksgiving Day is a traditional American festival on the fourth Thursday in November, when families get together and have a big dinner. How about the next one? S4: Judging from the pictures, there are two festivals for which people love wearing special clothes. So I’m not sure which one is suitable for the description. S5: Have you paid attention to the fifth description? I’m sure Halloween(萬圣節(jié)) is the festival at the end of October, when “ghosts” come out, for it’s said that witches (女巫) ride through the air on broomstick. T: Yes! Halloween is a time to have fun and it comes on October 31st. It’s one of the most favorite holidays for children. Parties are very popular, too. People wear scary clothes and masks(面具), for example, dress up like a witch(巫婆). S6: Then for Carnival people love wearing special clothes and it seems that people usually dress up and wear a mask at this festival. T: That’s true. People walk on the street wearing masks, doing what they want to do without being recognized. Look at the picture lower in this page. What is the person wearing? S7: The person is wearing so special clothes and a mask that it’s hard to say it is male or female. T: Have you ever dressed up in special clothes? Ss: No. At the Spring Festival we usually wear beautiful and new clothes but there are no special clothes. Maybe the Chinese minorities wear special clothes on their festivals. T: Yes. As we all know, different countries have different culture and social customs. Then what do you usually do during festivals? Let’s come to part four of this page, and please check out the thing you do. S8: We eat special food at different festivals. For example, on Mid-Autumn Day we usually eat moon cakes and other delicious food, Zongzi is the traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival and jiaozi for the Spring Festival. S9: We give and receive gifts, have holidays from school and enjoy ourselves with friends and family at the Spring Festivals. On Lantern Festival and the Dragon Boat Festival we take part in different traditional ceremonies, such as enjoying displayed lanterns, rowing dragon boats and so on. S10: We sometimes dance and listen to music at festivals, but usually we enjoy all kinds of entertainment programs. T: I am very proud of you because you know so much about festivals at home and abroad. Step IV Everyday English Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences. T: Now please turn to page 37. Let’s come to the function of this module. Task 2: Number the phrases from the most negative (1) to the most positive (6). Ss: In my opinion, No.1 should be “ I hate it”; No. 2 should be “I don’t think much of it”; the third one should be “It’s OK”; next might be “I quite like it”; the fifth one “I really like it”; the most positive one must be “I love it”. T: Yes. What you said is quite right. Now please work in pairs and discuss your preferences for food to eat at festivals, using the phrases in Activity 2 of page 37 and following the example. Sa: Do you like pork? Sb: Yes, I do. I really like it, especially the dumplings with pork. How about you? Sa: No, I don’t. I don’t think much of it. I prefer chicken to pork. ... Step V Summary and homework T: Boys and girls you did very well today. We have talked about festivals around the world, so I believe all of us have broadened our horizon. Here is your homework today: 1. If you have a chance to decide a new holiday that is most likely to be necessary in your opinion, please create a new holiday and give your reasons. 2. Do Everyday English on page 37. The Second Period Reading Teaching goals 教學目標 1. Target language 目標語言 a. 重點詞匯和短語 carnival, Christian, ghost, costume, confusion, firearm, empire, memory, council, elegant, magic,hide, extend, pretend, book (v.), revive, wander, come to an end, dress up b. 重點句式 The sounds and sights change from ... to another but ... is the same... As time passed, however, so that it... For weeks on end people walked round the street wearing masks, doing what wanted without being recognized. Ordinary people could pretend to ..., while famous people could have romantic... Many crimes went unpunished. If they broke the laws, they were put in prison for up to two years. 2. Ability goals能力目標 Enable the students to talk about the origins of carnivals and two different kinds of carnivals. 3. Learning ability goals學能目標 Help the Ss learn how to talk about the development of carnivals. Teaching important points 教學重點 Get to know the customs of carnivals. Teaching methods 教學方法 Fast reading, task-based method && discussion. Teaching aids 教具準備 A computer, a projector and a tape recorder. Teaching procedures & ways 教學過程與方式 Step I Revision Check the students’ homework — creating a new holiday. T: Boys and girls, as we all know, all the festivals are created for certain reasons and needs. I have given you the opportunity to create a new holiday. Now it’s time for you to present your holiday and give us your reasons. Who’d like to tell us your creation? Sa: In my opinion, the new holiday should be Nature Day. It should be celebrated on March 13th, when people should persuade the people around to protect environment and wildlife by delivering papers and giving lectures and no pollution or destruction of nature is allowed. I think this is the most necessary because our surroundings are being polluted faster than nature and man’s present effort can prevent it and it is high time we did what we could to protect our home. Sb: I think the new holiday should be Peace Day. On this day, no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People will learn and talk about peace and send olive (橄欖枝) and doves. That’s because the world is full of wars, killings and terrorism and some countries start wars in the name of freedom and democracy, so many people died, many are homeless and the world economy is influenced. On the country, most people long for peace. Sc: In my personal opinion, the new holiday should be Relaxation Day, when people can do what they want to, as long as they don’t break the law. As most of us, old and young, live a busy life under certain pressure, we need the holiday to relax ourselves and to make the friends and relatives happy. Sd: I think the new festival should be the Students’ Day, which will be held on the first Sunday after June 9 every year. On that day no students need to study just doing what they like to without homework, without papers or orders of parents’ and teachers’. You know, we are so tired under great pressure. On June 9 the entrance exam is over, the school-leavers can hold a party to celebrate their graduation. T: Wonderful ideas! I can’t agree with you more. We need some way to relax ourselves indeed. There happens to be a festival called Carnival when people can do what they want to without being recognized. Would you like to know more about it? Ss: Yes. T: OK. Let’s come to the passage on page 32. Please skim through the passage and then check the topics it mentions. This time, read just for the general ideas of the passage. Six minutes for you to complete the 450 words. Step II Revision T: I think you must know something about Carnival. Carnival is a traditional time of celebration before the Christian season of Lent. Lent is a forty-day period of spiritual renewal before the holiday of Easter. Carnival ends with a wild celebration on Mardi Gras, the Tuesday before the start of Lent. Each year, hundreds of thousands of people gather in the city. They enjoy a series of lively parties and parades. Carnival today is an international, multicultural experience. It has become a celebration of life itself. But how did it become so? And do you know what the symbol of Carnival is? Ss: People always wear masks at Carnival. But I want to know why people wear masks at carnival. ... T: Today we are going to learn more about Carnival. Now please read The Magic of the Mask and then answer my questions. Skimming Ask the Ss to skim through the questions and then read the text silently. Get the Ss comprehend the passage quickly and accurately and at the same time help them to form a good habit of reading. Show the questions on the screen. 1. What do you think of when you think of carnival? (We think of crowds, costumes, masks, and confusion.) 2. Where and why does the word “carnival” come from? Where does Carnival originate from? What did people see Carnival as? (“Carnival”comes from two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.) 3. How was the Carnival in Venice? (It was the most famous carnival in Europe. The first carnival in Venice lasted for just one day. As time passed, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they could without being recognized.) 4. How did the different kinds of people behave in the carnival in Venice? (Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crimes went unpunished.) 5. Why were masks banned when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the ei