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北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試—語法 北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試 句子核心-謂語動詞 一謂語動詞 一時態(tài) 1. Mary ____ in the garden when it began to rain. (QE92-56) A. was walking B. walked C. walking D. had walked 【答案】A it began to rain是一個過去的時間點，因此主句因該用過去進(jìn)行時。選A。句意為“當(dāng)開始下雨時，瑪麗正在花園散步?！? 2. No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it ___. (QE02-54) A. had taken place B. was taken place C. took place D. was taking place 【答案】：C。It is …time since +從句（謂語動詞用過去時），故選C。It is many years since World War Two was over.自從二次大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來已經(jīng)很多年了。 3. Dr. Robert went to New York, bought some books and ___. (QE99-41) A. visiting his daughter B. to visit his daughter C. visit his daughter D. visited his daughter 【答案】D 此句中有三個動詞作并列謂語，由and連接，所以前后時態(tài)應(yīng)一致。 4. Let’s go to the cinema tonight. I ____ for you at the gate. (QE95-21) A. wait B. shall wait C. am waiting D. shall have waited 【答案】B 本句中tonight是一個將來時間，時態(tài)應(yīng)用將來時。第一人稱將來時可用 shall表示。 5. While the secretary____ his desk, he found the long lost report. A. had been cleaning B. is cleaning C. has been cleaning D. was cleaning 【答案】D 首先是過去時，排除BC。然后并不強調(diào)完成，排除A。秘書在打掃桌子的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了丟失已久的報告。 6. Smith is to study medicine as soon as he_____ military service. (QE93-40) A. will finish B. has finished C. finish D. would finish 【答案】B句意：一服完兵役，史密斯就要開始學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)。此處as soon as 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時或者現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來，所以排除A和D；而如果用一般現(xiàn)在時，應(yīng)該是finishes, 因此C項也不正確；所以選has finished,為現(xiàn)在完成時。 7. No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or she ___ them. (QE02-45) A. tries B. will try C. are trying D. have tried 【答案】：A。本題是測試考生的時態(tài)。在時間和條件狀語從句中要用一般時表示將來的動作。因此A 是正確答案。又如：“They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they finish their exams. 他們一考完試就回家過寒假?！? 1 8. Please be sure to telephone me the next time you____. (QE93-49) A. will come B. would come C. shall come D. come 【答案】D the next time you come 是時間狀語從句，“下次你來的時候”，the next time 后一般用現(xiàn)在時表將來時。 9 You should visit this part of the country when ___ A. spring will com B. spring comes C. It has been spring D. It will be spring 【答案】B。主將從現(xiàn)，你應(yīng)該春天來拜訪這個地區(qū)。 10. I think I’ll wait until the mail ______ . A. should come B. is coming C. comes D. will come 【答案】C。主將從現(xiàn)。我認(rèn)為我會一直等到郵件寄過來。 11. In recent years many football clubs _____ as business to make a profit.(QE0904-20) A. have run B. have been run C. had been run D. will run 【答案】B。本題考查的是動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。In recent years是現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志。而且動詞run（經(jīng)營管理），和足球俱樂部之間是被動關(guān)系。因此選擇B。最近幾年很多足球俱樂部作為盈利機構(gòu)被開辦起來。 12. Since he left the university, he _____ in an accounting company. (QE06-04-16) A. has been working B. had worked C. had been working D. was working 【答案】A這句話的意思是自從大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后，他就在這家會計公司工作。該句是since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。 由于該動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以用完成時的進(jìn)行時態(tài)。這句話強調(diào)的是自從大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后他就一直在哪家公司工作. 13. Until yesterday, Miller’s family _____from him for six months. A. hasn’t heard B. hasn’t been hearing C. hadn’t heard D. didn’t bear 【答案】C。直到昨天，米勒家6個月沒有收到他的消息了。時間段標(biāo)志詞“for six month”,因此選擇完成時。 14. The chemistry class ___ for five minutes when we hurried there. (QE95-24) A. had been on B. was on C. has been on D. would be on 【答案】A for five minutes是延續(xù)性時間狀語，句子時態(tài)應(yīng)用完成時； when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句為過去式，主句時態(tài)應(yīng)與之對應(yīng)，所以應(yīng)該用過去完成時。 15. All the apparatus______ before the experiment began. A. have been tested B. had been tested C. were tested D. had tested 【答案】B。所有的設(shè)備都在實驗開始前被測試過了?！皌est”是在過去的某個時間（began）之前發(fā)生的，即過去的過去，因此選擇完成時。 16. I ___ writing the article by the time you get back.. (QE00-24) A. shall finish B. must have finished C. have finished D. shall have finished 【答案】：D。本句為將來完成時。表示在將來的某一時刻或?qū)淼哪骋粫r刻之前已完成，這一動作可以繼續(xù)下去。When you come again in July we shall have moved into a new house.七月份你們再來的時候，我們就搬進(jìn)新房子里去了。I shall have done it by the end of this week.我要在周末做完它。本句的意思是“我要在你回來之前寫完這篇文章”。 2 17. Mrs. White became a teacher in 1985. She _____ for twenty years by next summer. (QE07-11-43) A. will teach B. would have taught C. has been teaching D. will have been teaching 【答案】D此題考查的是動詞辨析。A 建議，但無suggest sb to do 這種用法；B 吸引；C 引誘，D勸說。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)該是：Alice很相信你，只有你能勸說她放棄這種愚蠢的念頭。故選D 18. In another year or so, you _____ all about it. (QE08-04-33) A. forget B. would forget C. have forgotten D. will have forgotten 【答案】D大概一年以后，你就會完全忘記它了。將來完成時。 19. By this summer, Elizabeth ______ here for ten years. A. will work B. works C. will have worked D. has worked 【答案】C。到今年夏天為止，伊麗莎白就在這里工作十年了。標(biāo)志詞“By this summer”到將來的某個時間為止，所以用將來完成時。 20. You needn’t hurry her. She ___ it by the time you are ready. A. will have been finishing B. would finish C. will have finished D. will be finishing 【答案】C。你沒必要催她。你準(zhǔn)備好了的時候，她就會做完了。標(biāo)志詞“by the time”。 二語態(tài) 1. English ______ in a new way at my college in the past few years. A. has been teaching B. was being taught C. has been taught D. had been taught 【答案】C 在過去的幾年里，英語已被用一種全新的方式教授。英語是被教授，因此用被動。 2. According to the art dealer, the painting ________ to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting 【答案】A 據(jù)這個藝術(shù)拍賣家所說，這幅油畫預(yù)期至少100萬美元。 3. ——I don’t suppose the police know who did it. —— Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned 【答案】B 我不認(rèn)為警察知道是誰干的。噢，令人驚奇的是他們知道，一個男的已經(jīng)被捕了而且正在被審訊。 4. ——Your job ________ open for your return. ——Thanks. A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept 【答案】A 你的工作將會被保留，直到你回來。工作被保留，因此選被動。 5. ——The windows is dirty. ——I know. It ________ for weeks. A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned 【答案】D 窗戶已經(jīng)幾個星期沒擦了。窗戶與擦之間是被動關(guān)系 6. More than a dozen students in that school ________ abroad to study medicine last year. A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent 3 【答案】B 去年十多個學(xué)生被送到國外學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)。 7. The silence of the library ________ only by the sound of pages being turned over. A. has been broken B. breaks C. broke D. was broken 【答案】D 圖書館一片沉靜，只有偶爾翻書的聲音打破這種安靜。 8. I had to go to work by taxi because my car ________ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. was repaired C. was being repaired D. had been repaired 【答案】C 我乘出租車去上班，因為我的車送到修理廠修理了。 9. An official said that another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing next year. A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed 【答案】A 一個官員說另一個新的體育館將會在明年建成。體育館被建造。 10. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment ________. A. is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged 【答案】D 實驗室失火后，很多儀器被損壞了。 11. She _________ on a special mission to Belgrade（貝爾格萊德）next year. A. will be sent B. was sending C. sends D. sent 【答案】A 明年她將會被送到貝爾格萊德執(zhí)行特殊任務(wù)。 12. This election had many firsts and many stories that _______ for generations. A. was telling B. will be told C. tells D. was told 【答案】B 這個選舉出現(xiàn)了很多個第一次，還有很多故事被傳誦。 13. The actual launch date of this satellite ______ later, taking into account the situation of GIOVE-A and GIOVE-B. A. decides B. was deciding C. will be decided D. decided 【答案】C考慮到GIOVE-A和GIOVE-B的位置，這個衛(wèi)星的發(fā)射日期被推遲了。 14. Reward ________ to whoever offers the information on the lost child. A. gives B. will be given C. was giving D. gave 【答案】B 懸賞獎勵提供線索者。賞金和give之間是被動關(guān)系。 15. Most probably life _______ in other stars in universe. A. finds B. found C. was being found D. will be found 【答案】D 在宇宙中，其他星球上也可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多的生命跡象。 三語氣 專項練習(xí) 1. I would ask George to lend us the money if I ____ him. (QE95-38) A. had known B. have known C. knew D. to have read 【答案】C 該句使用了虛擬語氣，從主句的would ask 判斷，if 從句謂語動詞可以用一般過去時knew,表示對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬。句意為“如果我認(rèn)識喬治的話，我就讓他借給我們錢了”。 2. If I __ you, I ___ more attention to English idioms and phrases. 4 A. was/ shall pay B. am/ will pay C. would be/ would pay D. were/ would pay 【答案】D。如果我是你，我會在英語成語和短語上多關(guān)注一些。對現(xiàn)在的虛擬。 3. Don’t touch the sleeping tiger. If he woke up, he_____ you. A. would come to B. would come at C. would have come toward D. will come to 【答案】B。別動那個正在睡覺的老虎，他要是醒了會咬你的。if條件句中對現(xiàn)在的虛擬。 4. We ___ delighted if the report ___ true. A. were/ were B. shall be/ were C. should be/ were D. were/ would be 【答案】C。如果這個報告是真是的，那我們就會很高興的。if條件句中對現(xiàn)在的虛擬。 5. If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to 【答案】B。如果我能夠計劃做任何我想做的事情，我想去西藏并且盡可能地旅行那個地方的大部分地區(qū)。 6. _____ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave 【答案】C。如果他能夠周五到那里，他將會今天就走。省略if的條件虛擬。對將來的虛擬。 7. _________ to do the work, I should do it some other way. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 【答案】C。如果我來做這個工作，我會換一種工作方式。 8. Most probably Ally won’t come tomorrow. But if she______ I _____her to call you up at once. A. should come, would ask B. come, would have asked C. will come, will ask D. is coming, should ask 【答案】A。Ally很可能明天不會回來，但是如果她回來，我會讓她立刻給你打電話。對將來的if條件虛擬。 9. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 【答案】B。如果明天下雨，我們做什么呢？對將來的if條件虛擬。 10. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet. A. is to, should B. were to, would C. were going to, would D. was going to, should 【答案】B。要是下雨了，我們會淋濕的。對將來的if條件虛擬。 11. If a better material ____, the strength of the part would have been increased. (QE92-58) A. had been used B. had been using C. being used D. using 【答案】A 本句考察虛擬語氣。與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，從句應(yīng)該用過去完成時;又因為material 是use 的賓語，應(yīng)用被動式。 A. didn’t hurry B. hadn’t hurried C. wouldn’t hurry D. hadn’t to hurry 5 【答案】B 從給出的主句看，本句為虛擬語氣，架設(shè)過去已發(fā)生的事情，因此從句用過去完成時。 13. With all this work on hand, she ______ to the dance party last night. (QE06-11-30) A. oughtn’t to go B. hadn’t gone C. shouldn’t have gone D. mustn’t have gone 【答案】C 原句意思“她手頭還有這么多工作，昨晚本不應(yīng)去參加舞會”，對過去情況的虛擬用 “should have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。 14. He abandoned a career that ___ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world. (QE05-11-33) A. could have led B. would lead C. should have led D. must lead 【答案】A 本題考查情態(tài)動詞表示虛擬語氣的用法。與過去事實相反，是could/should have done，本可能/本應(yīng)該做?（但實際沒這樣做）。因為是客觀情況，不涉及是否應(yīng)該，所以選擇A could have done. 15. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 【答案】D。如果我們早10分鐘到，就趕上公交車了。If條件句對過去的虛擬。 16. ____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. (QE96-39) A．If I realized B. Had I realized C．Did I have realized that D. As I realized 【答案】B 本題考察的是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣.條件狀語從句謂語動詞用had +過去分詞,主句謂語動詞用,should/would/could/might +have + 過去分詞.當(dāng)省略if 時,條件從句中的had 提前. 句意是“如果我意識到你這么忙,我就不拿我的這些問題來打擾你了.” 17. ___, I should ask them some questions. (QE97-30) A. Should they come to us B. If they come to us C. Were they come to us D. Had they come to us 【答案】A 本題考查的是省略if的虛擬語氣的用法。從句中的助動詞had, were, should等要移至主語之前。如果他們來到我們身邊，我會問他們一些問題。 18. Had the weather been good, the children ___ out for a walk. (QE01-57) A. had