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高一外研版必修一MODULE2 輔導： 【重點、難點點撥】 Ⅰ. 交際用語：表示偏愛 I’d prefer to do sth. 1. I’d rather do sth. 2. I prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 3. I prefer doing sth. to doing sth. Ⅱ.高考大綱要求的詞匯 : １. patient. 1)adj.有耐心的;能容忍的;能忍受的 be patient with sb.對某人耐心; be patient of sth.能忍受(事情)的,例如: The doctor is very patient with his patients.那位醫(yī)生對病人很耐心. You should be more patient with others.你應(yīng)該多容忍他人一些. She was patient of hardship.她能忍受苦難. 2)n.病人,患者 拓展: patiently adv. Patience n. “耐心;忍耐力” lose (one’s ) patience with sth./sb. 對……不能忍耐 work hard with patience 勤勤懇懇地工作 be out of patience with…對……不能忍受;討厭;不耐煩 ２. appreciate vt. 感激;欣賞;贊美;重視,其后可以加名詞/代詞/動名詞,例如: He appreciates your talents. 他很賞識你的才能。 I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island. 我真的很欣賞有時間和你一起在這個美麗的島上放松一下。 Her works were not appreciated until her death. 直到她死后，她的作品才受到重視。 I greatly appreciate your help.我感激你救了我兒子的命。 拓展：appreciation n. 評價；鑒賞（力）；理解 ３. admit v. 承認；讓……進入；（場所）可容納，其后可接名詞/代詞/動名詞（不接不定式）/賓語從句，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：admit sb to do sth.和 admit doing sth.例如： The man didn’t admit me into the theatre. Tom admitted having broken the glass.=Tom admitted that he had broken the glass. 湯姆承認是他打碎了玻璃。 He doesn’t admit me to smoke here. 他不讓我在這里抽煙。 拓展： admit having done sth.承認干過某事 be admitted to Beijing University被北京大學錄取 ４. explain v. 解釋；說明；闡明 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有： explain sth. to sb.=explain to sb. sth. 例如： Please explain this problem to me. 請給我說明一下這個問題。 I explained to him that I couldn’t help him. 我向他說明另外不能幫他的原因。 拓展： explanation n.解釋；說明；辯解 in explanation of … 作為……的說明 ５. amusing adj.有趣的；滑稽的；娛樂的 an amusing story 有趣的故事 an amusing man 一個有趣的人 拓展： amuse v.使人快樂，逗笑 be amused at/by/with… 以……為樂 be amused to do … 做……取樂 ６. respect vt. n. 尊重，尊敬，敬重 （1）respect sb. 尊敬某人; respect oneself 自尊; respect the feeling of others 尊重別人的感情;respect the law 遵守法律 （2）have/show respect for… 尊敬 We should have/show respect for the old. 我們應(yīng)該尊敬老人。 （3）用作名詞，作“尊敬”解，不可數(shù)；作“問候”解，常用復數(shù)形式。 give/send /pay one’s respects to sb. 向某人問候 She sent her respects to my parents. 她向我的父母問候。 ７. avoid vt. 逃避……；避免……；回避……， 后跟名詞/動名詞做賓語，不跟不定式。即avoid n./doing… 例如： Fortunately, we were able to avoid an accident.我們幸而逃過了一場災(zāi)難。 I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.我盡量避免遇到他。 Ⅲ.Phrases and Patterns １. Good teachers make sure that everyone in the class understands. 好老師保證每個學生在課堂上都能聽懂. make sure 一定要,保證做到,弄清楚 Make sure you get there on time. 一定要準時到達那里。 We must make sure of the facts.我們必須把事實搞清楚. Let’s make sure that it has been finished. 讓咱們搞清楚這工作是否確實已經(jīng)完成. 注:make sure= make certain 2. My first impression on Mrs. Li was that she was nervous and shy.李老師給我的第一印象是:有點兒緊張,有點兒害羞. impression on sb. 常用短語make a。。。impression on sb. 給某人留下。。。。。。印象 impression of sb./being… 對某人的印象 例如： His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience. 他當會長后的第一次演講給聽眾留下了深刻的印象。 He gives the impression of being a hard worker/that he works hard. 他給人的印象是工作很努力。 3． I’ve always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs Li just smiles, so that you don’t feel completely stupid! 我總是不愿意犯錯誤或者在說英語時念錯詞. 但李老師總是微笑著,這樣你就不會感到很蠢. 1)always強調(diào)“一直是這樣”，常與現(xiàn)在進行時或過去進行時連用，給現(xiàn)在的動作或過去的動作披上一層感情色彩。這個動作并不強調(diào)動作正在進行。試比較： You do well. 你干得好。（對你的工作只作一般的肯定） You’re always doing well. 你總是干得很好。 （帶夸獎的口吻，稱贊對方一貫的行徑H） 2)so that 常引導一個結(jié)果狀語從句。例如： He studies very hard, so that he can catch up with others in his class. 他學習很刻苦，以便能趕上班上的其他同學。 4． he’s kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it! 她語法講解地如此清晰,甚至連我也能聽懂. So…that…如此。。。。。。以至于。。。。。。引起表示結(jié)果的狀語從句。So是副詞，與形容詞或副詞連用，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：…so+adj./adv.+that +從句 如： He became so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他氣得說不出話來。 I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.我跌了這么多跤，以至全身都是青一塊紫一塊的。 …so…that也可以引導目的狀語從句。例如： She got up so early that she could catch the early bus.她起地很早，目的是趕上早班車。 5.I feel I’m going to make progress with her.我感到在她班上我會取得進步的. Make a little/much/rapid progress with…在某方面取得一點/很大/迅速的進步。Progress是不可數(shù)名詞。 例如： I have made a lot of progress with my English. 我在英語方面取得了很大的進步。 Have you made any progress with your study? 你在學習方面取得的進步了嗎？ 6. ---we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.如果她不要求,我們連一句話也不敢說. 1） dare既可以用作情態(tài)動詞，也可以用作實義動詞。否定式即可以是dare not 也可以是don’t/doesn’t dare 例如： He dare not tell his father what he did yesterday.= He didn’t dare to tell his father what he did yesterday. 2)unless=if…not 如果不，除非 例如： One cannot learn a foreign language well unless he studies hard. 除非刻苦學習，否則是學不好外語的。 I will not go there unless I hear from him. 如果他不通知我，我就不去。 7. There are a few students in our class who keep coming to class late but they are always on time for Mrs Chen’s lessons. 在我們班有幾個學生上課不斷遲到,但上陳老師的課時總是按時. keep doing sth. 不斷做某事，老是做某事（連續(xù)不斷地或反復地發(fā)生） Alice kept waving to us. 愛麗絲不斷地向我們揮手。 They kept improving their technical skill. 他們不斷地提高他們的技術(shù)水平。 For many years he has kept writing to us.好些年來他一直給我們寫信。 比較：keep on doing sth. 不斷，老是做某事（動作之間略有間隔）例如： People kept on coming to the hospital to see him. 人們不斷地到醫(yī)院來看望他。 They kept on making the same mistakes. 他們老是犯同樣的錯誤。 ８. ---as a result my work is improving. 就這樣,我的學習正在進步. as a result 結(jié)果 例如： We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends. 我們在學習上相互幫助，結(jié)果我們成了好朋友。 as a result of=because of …由于。。。。。。 例如： The flight was delayed as a result of fog. 因有霧該航班誤點了。 ９. …this is one class you do not fall asleep in. 這是一節(jié)你不會想睡覺的課. fall asleep 入睡, 睡著 drop asleep 入睡；fast asleep 睡得熟； sound asleep 睡得香 10. He is really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we’re getting bored. 當他認為我們厭煩的時候,他真的很有趣并給我們講笑話. tell jokes 講笑話（=tell a joke；no joke 不是兒戲；in joke 開玩笑地，不認真地；make a joke 講笑話，開玩笑；play a joke on sb. 開某人的玩笑 例如： The man often plays a joke on the stupid person. 那個人經(jīng)常開那個傻子的玩笑。 12. In America, students and teachers are quite relaxed with each other. 在美國, 師生之間的關(guān)系是不拘束的. relaxed adj. 輕松的，不緊張的； a relaxed smile 輕松的微笑； a relaxed style of teaching 使人感到輕松的教學方法； look/feel/seem relaxed (about sth.)（對某事物）看起來、感到、似乎很輕松 例如： He felt very relaxed after the examination. 考完后他感到很放松。 13. ---, but teachers can have big problems with discipline. 但是教師卻會碰到紀律糟糕的問題. have problem/trouble with sth. 在某方面有問題 例如： Do you have any problems with your English study? 你在英語學習方面有什么困難嗎？ Ⅳ. Grammar 1． Verbs followed by –ing 英語中許多動詞后面常跟-ing形式作賓語。常見動詞歸納如下： avoid, admit, dislike, dread, enjoy, finish, hate, keep, imagine, like, love, practise, suggest, stop, appreciate, escape, consider(), allow, permit, forbid, regret, remember, forget, can’t help, mind, require, miss, pardon, advise, mean, etc. 例如： 1) My brother likes swimming. 2) They don’t allow/permit parking here. 3) Do you mind my opening the window? 4) Can you imagine living at such a lonely island? 5) She is considering going abroad. 6) She is practicing playing the piano in the next room. 英語中有一些動詞短語也常跟-ing作賓語。常見的跟-ing作賓語的動詞短語如下： insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth等。 2． -ing作賓語和動詞不定to do作賓語的區(qū)別 begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, prefer, can’t start 例句 解析 １. It began to rain. It began raining. ２. It was beginning to snow. ３. I love lying (to lie) on my back. ４. I like listening to music, but today I don’t like to. ５. I don’t prefer to swim in the river now. 1.意思無差別，但謂語動詞用進行時，后面只跟不定式。 2.表示一種傾向多接動名詞作賓語，如果表示某一特定的或具體的行動，多接不定式。 Remember, forget, regret, try 例句 解析 １. I remember to meet her at the station. I remember seeing her once somewhere. ２. I forgot giving it to you yesterday. I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is. ３. I regret not having working hard. I regret to hear of your sister’s death. ４. Try knocking at the back door. We must try to get everything ready. ５. That will mean flooding some land. I had meat to go on Monday. １. remember to do sth. 記住要做的事。 remember doing sth. 回顧過去發(fā)生的事。2. forgot to do sth. 忘記要做的事。 forgot doing sth. 忘記做過的事。 3. regret to do sth. 對將要做的事抱歉。 regret doing sth. 對發(fā)生過的事后悔。 4. try to do sth. 設(shè)法……；試圖 try doing sth. 試試看；試一試 5. mean to do sth. 打算做……，想要干…… mean doing sth. 意味著，就是 Want, require, need 例句 解析 These desks need repairing. These desks need to be repaired. The patient required examined. The patient required to be examined. １. need doing =need to be done 需要被做 ２. want doing =want to be done 需要被做 ３. require doing=require to be done 要求被做