ZL50裝載機(jī)總體及工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)

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摘要 粉末冶金是一種不需要將材料融化的冶金方法，是冶金和材料科學(xué)的一個(gè)分 支。而隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，粉末冶金工藝具有生產(chǎn)效率高、質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定、成本低以及 可加工復(fù)雜形狀工件等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn)，使其在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)中的地位也越來越高。相應(yīng) 的，粉末冶金模具作為現(xiàn)代高速成型技術(shù)在工藝裝備中起到越來越大的作用。特 別是在汽車行業(yè)中應(yīng)用的比例越來越重,是現(xiàn)代汽車行業(yè)發(fā)展的重要支柱之一, 現(xiàn)代工業(yè)發(fā)展的一個(gè)方向. 本次設(shè)計(jì)了一套汽車剎車片的壓制模。本課題主要是查找剎車片的壓坯到模 具模架的選擇準(zhǔn)則，了解各個(gè)零件的具體要求。從對零件壓坯的尺寸，密度，質(zhì) 量和高度等計(jì)算，來確定陰模與模沖的類型，再通過對壓機(jī)的選擇設(shè)計(jì)所需要的 模具，頂出方式的選擇,加熱方式的選擇,加熱元件規(guī)格的計(jì)算與選擇，對模具的 材料進(jìn)行選擇,強(qiáng)度校核,粗糙度的確定,最后畫出零件圖和裝配圖。 關(guān)鍵字：粉末冶金；壓制成形；剎車片模具 汽車剎車片模具設(shè)計(jì) Abstract Powder metallurgy is a branch of metallurgy and materials science who is an undesirable  material  melting metallurgy  method.With  the  development  of economy,Because of powder metallurgy process with high efficiency, stable quality, low cost and can be processed with complicated shapes advantages,so that it’s position in modern industry are more and more important. Accordingly, powder metallurgy die as a modern high-speed molding technology play an increasingly important tole in the process equipment.Especially in the automotive industry, an increasing proportion of re-application,is one of the important pillars of the modern automobile industry and also is a direction of Modern industrial development. This design is a press die of brake pads.The project must basis on part’s size, density, height and mass to design the mild’s stamping type.Then basis on press machine to choice mold’s type. Then I choice the best way for pushing-out and boiling. Next step are Selecting the material of the mold and Strength check. The last way, I must determine the roughness and draw the parts and assembly drawings finally. Key Words:Powder metallurgy; stamping shape; Brake pads mold 浙江理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文 目  錄 摘要 Abstract 第 1 章 緒論.................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 粉末冶金概述.................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 模具工業(yè)在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位........................................................................ 4 1.3 粉末冶金模具的現(xiàn)狀....................................................................................................... 4 第 2 章 粉末冶金模具設(shè)計(jì)的原則.............................................................................. 5 2.1 通用粉末成形壓機(jī)的選擇原則....................................................................................... 5 2.2 壓坯的選用原則............................................................................................................... 5 2.3 壓制成形模具設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則.................................................................................................... 6 第 3 章 模具的設(shè)計(jì)和材料選擇.................................................................................. 6 3.1 壓坯的要求和壓制方式的選擇........................................................................................ 6 3.1.1 壓制方式的選擇.................................................................................................... 9 3.1.2 頂出方式的決定.................................................................................................. 11 3.1.3 加熱管的排布方案與選擇.................................................................................. 12 3.2 陰模的設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................................................................... 13 3.3 上下模沖的設(shè)計(jì)............................................................................................................. 13 3.3.1 下模沖長度的設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................................. 13 3.3.2 上模沖的設(shè)計(jì)...................................................................................................... 14 3.4 其它模架零件的設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................................................... 14 3.5 連接方式的設(shè)計(jì)............................................................................................................. 15 3.5.1 上下模座與固定板之間的連接.......................................................................... 15 3.5.2 下模座與陰模固定板之間的連接...................................................................... 15 3.6 陰模材料的選擇.............................................................................................................. 15 3.7 模沖材料的選擇............................................................................................................. 16 3.8 模架的材料選擇............................................................................................................. 16 第 4 章 強(qiáng)度的校核.................................................................................................... 17 4.1 壓機(jī)的選擇..................................................................................................................... 17 4.2 模沖強(qiáng)度校核.................................................................................................................. 17 第 5 章 模具間的余量的計(jì)算................................................................................................ 18 5.1 下模沖的彈性變形余量................................................................................................. 18 5.2 陰模與下模沖的間隙..................................................................................................... 18 5.3 壓坯燒結(jié)率與回彈率的總收縮率計(jì)算......................................................................... 19 5.3.1 壓坯的回彈率...................................................................................................... 19 5.3.2 回彈率的影響因素............................................................................................. 20 5.3.3 燒結(jié)收縮率.......................................................................................................... 20 第 6 章 主要零件加工后應(yīng)達(dá)到的要求..............................................................................21 6.1 陰模..................................................................................................................................21 6.2 模沖.................................................................................................................................22 6.3 其他零件.......................................................................................................................... 22 汽車剎車片模具設(shè)計(jì) 總結(jié)與展望.................................................................................................................................. 24 參考文獻(xiàn).......................................................................................................................................27 致 謝........................................................................................................................................... 29 浙江理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文 第 1 章 緒論 1.1 粉末冶金概述 粉末冶金是一門制造金屬粉末，以金屬粉末（包括混入有廢金屬粉末者）為原 料，用成形-燒結(jié)制造材料或制品的技術(shù)學(xué)科。廣義上，它也包括以氧化物、氮 化物、碳化物等非金屬化合物粉末為原料，用成形-燒結(jié)制造材料或制皮的技術(shù)。 這里所講的成形，系指賦予金屬粉末等原料粉末以所要求的金屬制品的形狀與 尺寸。