四柱萬能液壓機(jī)總體及液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計【公稱壓力為2500kN優(yōu)秀課程畢業(yè)設(shè)計含2張CAD圖紙+帶開題報告】

四柱萬能液壓機(jī)總體及液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計【公稱壓力為2500kN】

摘要

進(jìn)入19世紀(jì)以來，隨著制造業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，對機(jī)械加工設(shè)備的要求也越來越高，人們迫切需要一種通用性強(qiáng)，加工范圍廣，工作負(fù)載大的加工設(shè)備。盡管早在17世紀(jì)中期帕斯卡就發(fā)現(xiàn)了利用液體能產(chǎn)生很大力量的可能性，但直到19世紀(jì)，液壓技術(shù)才得到人們的廣泛重視。為了應(yīng)對軍事、航空工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的需求，德國、英國、蘇聯(lián)等國家先后制造了一批公稱壓力達(dá)到上萬噸的模鍛液壓機(jī)。這個時候液壓成型機(jī)械得到了充分的發(fā)展并具有了成熟的技術(shù)。液壓機(jī)廣泛應(yīng)用于金屬薄板的沖壓拉深成形；金屬機(jī)械零件的壓力成形；粉末制品行業(yè)；非金屬材料的壓制成形；木制品的熱壓成形等領(lǐng)域。液壓機(jī)極強(qiáng)的通用性奠定了它在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的重要地位，成為國民生產(chǎn)中一枚關(guān)鍵的“棋子”。

本文對液壓成型機(jī)械做了簡單的回顧和總結(jié)，并具體設(shè)計了一臺公稱壓力為2500kN的通用液壓機(jī)，重點(diǎn)在于液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方面，詳細(xì)擬定了液壓系統(tǒng)壓力、方向控制等回路，繪制了液壓系統(tǒng)圖，并選擇了各液壓元件的具體型號等。

為了滿足工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的需要，促進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，我國必須加大液壓成型機(jī)械的研發(fā)和設(shè)計制造，爭取早日達(dá)到國際先進(jìn)水平，打破西方發(fā)達(dá)國家對液壓關(guān)鍵元件的技術(shù)壟斷。

關(guān)鍵詞：液壓機(jī)；液壓缸；液壓系統(tǒng)；橫梁；液壓閥

Abstract

In the 19 century, with the rapid development of manufacturing, machinery processing equipment requirements are also getting higher and higher, People urgently need a high universality, processing a wide range of the work load of processing equipment. Although as early as the mid-17th century Pascal discovered the use of liquid can produce the possibility of great power, It was not until the 19th century, hydraulic technology to receive widespread attention. In response to the military, aviation industry and other areas of demand, Germany, Britain, the Soviet Union and other countries has created a number of Nominal pressure reached 10,000 tons of forging hydraulic press. This time forming hydraulic machinery were fully developed and is a mature technology. Hydraulic press widely used in the sheet metal stamping drawing, metal machine parts pressure forming; powder products industry; non-metallic materials to suppress forming; wood products in areas such as the hot press forming. Hydraulic highly versatile for its industrial production in the area of the important status and become an indispensable national product of a "pawn."

In this paper, hydraulic molding machine to do a simple review and sum up, and specifically designed for a Nominal pressure of 2500 kN Hydraulic presses, focused on the design of the hydraulic system, the elaboration of the hydraulic pressure system, the direction of control loop, rendering The hydraulic system map, and select the various hydraulic components such as the specific models.

In order to meet the needs of industrial production, promote economic development, China must increase the hydraulic molding machinery design and manufacture of the research and development and to strive for an early reached the international advanced level, breaking the Western developed countries on key components of the hydraulic technology monopoly.

Key words: hydraulic machine; hydraulic cylinder; hydraulic system; beams; hydraulic valve

目錄

摘要 1

Abstract 2

目錄 3

0前言 5

1緒論 6

1.1液壓機(jī)的工作原理 6

1.2液壓機(jī)的特點(diǎn)及分類 6

1.2.1液壓機(jī)的特點(diǎn) 6

1.2.2液壓機(jī)的分類 7

1.3液壓機(jī)的選擇 7

1.4液壓機(jī)發(fā)展歷程 7

1.5國內(nèi)液壓機(jī)技術(shù)發(fā)展情況 8

2液壓機(jī)的本體結(jié)構(gòu)及設(shè)計 9

2.1四柱萬能液壓機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作特點(diǎn) 9

2.1.1結(jié)構(gòu) 9

2.1.2工作特點(diǎn) 9

2.2四柱萬能液壓機(jī)的基本參數(shù) 9

2.3液壓缸設(shè)計 11

2.3.1液壓缸的結(jié)構(gòu) 11

2.3.2主缸設(shè)計 12

2.3.3 頂出缸設(shè)計 18

2.4四柱式組合機(jī)架設(shè)計 20

2.4.1立柱 21

2.4.2橫梁 24

3液壓機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 27

3.1明確液壓系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)要求 27

3.2液壓系統(tǒng)的功能設(shè)計 27

3.2.1執(zhí)行器的配置 27

3.2.2動力分析和運(yùn)動分析 28

3.3液壓系統(tǒng)主要參數(shù)的確定 29

3.3.1液壓缸有效工作面積A 29

3.3.2液壓缸的最大流量Qmax 30

3.4擬定液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖 30

3.4.1執(zhí)行元件類型的選擇 30

3.4.2方向控制回路 30

3.4.2.換向回路 30

3.4.3速度控制回路 31

3.4.4壓力控制回路 33

3.4.5液壓油源回路 36

3.4.6液壓系統(tǒng)的合成 36

3.5液壓元件的計算和選擇 39

3.5.1 液壓泵的選擇 39

3.5.2電機(jī)的選擇 41

3.5.3液壓閥的選擇 41

3.5.4油管的選擇 42

3.5.5油箱 44

4液壓機(jī)的振動及減振措施 47

4.1液壓機(jī)的振動 47

4.2液壓機(jī)的減振措施 47

3）產(chǎn)生液壓沖擊時的減振措施 48

5結(jié)論 49

致謝 50

參考文獻(xiàn) 51

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內(nèi)封.doc

四柱萬能液壓機(jī)總體及液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計【公稱壓力為2500kN】說明書正文.doc

實習(xí)報告.doc

開題報告.doc

摘要.doc

文件清單.txt

液壓原理圖-A2.dwg

液壓機(jī)總圖-A0.dwg