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2110型柴油機(jī)氣缸蓋加工工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)及夾具設(shè)計(jì)。
摘 要
這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的題目是：2110型柴油機(jī)氣缸蓋加工工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)及夾具設(shè)計(jì)。
氣缸蓋是柴油機(jī)的重要零部件之一，屬于典型的箱體類(lèi)零件。他的結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，其加工質(zhì)量的好壞將直接影響到柴油機(jī)的整體性能。
通過(guò)對(duì)零件圖的分析可知：氣缸蓋的底面、氣道孔及底面座孔的技術(shù)要求加高，是重要的平面，因此需要精細(xì)加工。
由零件的年生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng)可以確定該零件為大批量生產(chǎn)。毛坯采用HT20—40的鑄鐵由機(jī)器進(jìn)行砂模鑄造。
粗加工時(shí)，選取氣缸蓋的上下底面互為基準(zhǔn)；精加工時(shí)，選取加工過(guò)的氣缸蓋底面為基準(zhǔn)。以底面及底面上的兩個(gè)銷(xiāo)進(jìn)行定位，即“一面兩銷(xiāo)”式定位。
在查閱了一些相關(guān)的資料，并仔細(xì)地分析了大連柴油機(jī)廠的氣缸蓋加工工藝路線和其它一些同類(lèi)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)線狀況后，才具體地制定了這次設(shè)計(jì)的工藝方案。實(shí)際的機(jī)械加工工序安排，遵循著：先主要、后次要，先粗后精，先面后孔等原則。
根據(jù)生產(chǎn)批量和生產(chǎn)實(shí)際情況，工序的安排采用了工序集中和工序分散相結(jié)合的辦法，并且設(shè)計(jì)了一條自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)線DX33.當(dāng)按工序集中原則組織過(guò)程時(shí)，還普遍的采用了自動(dòng)化程度較高的高效機(jī)床和工藝裝備。這樣，大大地提高了生產(chǎn)率。
工藝方案中的工序310，采用了專(zhuān)用機(jī)床，在自動(dòng)線上進(jìn)行加工。因此，需要設(shè)計(jì)“一面兩銷(xiāo)”式專(zhuān)用夾具。其中一銷(xiāo)為短圓柱銷(xiāo)，另一銷(xiāo)為削邊銷(xiāo)，分別限制2個(gè)和1個(gè)自由度。
Abstract
The topic of this graduation project is: 2110 type diesel engine air cylinders build processing technology design by rules and the clamping apparatus is designed.
It is one of the important spare part of a diesel engine that the air cylinder is covered, belong to the typical case body type part. It relatively complicated structure, its the qualities of quality influence globality can diesel engine directly.
Can know through the analysis to the picture of part: Bottom surface who air cylinder build, Kong bottom surface seat the specification requirements of hole increase angry ones, It is the important plane, so need retrofit
Can be confirmed this part as and produced in enormous quantities by producing the guiding principle annually of the part. Blank adopt HT go on sand mould's casting by machine by casting iron as much as 20-40.
At the rough machining, choose about bottom surface who air cylinder stamp interact as the datum; At the finish machining, choose air cylinder that process leave datum on bottom surface. At bottom surface and eaches on the bottom surface sell and go on and make a reservation, namely" each sell at two" the type make a reservation.
It consults relevant materialses analyse diesel engine of Dalian the air cylinders of factory build route and similar the production lines of productses after the state processing technology carefully, Have made this technology scheme designed concretly . The real machining process is arranged, is following : It is neither first main, afterwards less important nor first after being thick precise, the hole waits for the principle after one first.
At production lot and reality of producing, the arrangements of process adopt in collecting and process disperse way that combine together process, Design one a piece of automatic production line DX 33s. When concentrate the principle on organizing the course according to the process, also relatively and technology equip high high-efficient lathes general adoption automatic degrees. So, have boosted productivity greatly .
Technology 310 processes of the scheme, it adopts special-purpose lathe process at the transfer machine. However, need and design " each sell at two" type special-purpose clamping apparatus. Sell and sell for short cylinders among them and sell and for paring and sell, limit each and 1 a piece of degree of freedoms respectively at another.