0004-Φ800甲醇精餾塔設(shè)計(jì)（CAD圖+論文+翻譯）,甲醇,精餾塔,設(shè)計(jì),cad,論文,翻譯 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 甲醇精餾塔設(shè)計(jì) 摘要：填料塔為連續(xù)接觸的氣液傳質(zhì)設(shè)備，與板式塔相比，不僅結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，而且具有生產(chǎn)能力大，分離填料材質(zhì)的選擇，可處理腐蝕性的材料，尤其對(duì)于壓強(qiáng)降較低的真空精餾操作，填料塔更顯示出優(yōu)越性。本文以甲醇-水的混合液為研究對(duì)象，因甲醇-水系統(tǒng)在常壓下相對(duì)揮發(fā)度相差較大，較易分離，所以設(shè)計(jì)采用常壓精餾。根據(jù)物料性質(zhì)，操作條件等因素選擇填料塔，此設(shè)計(jì)采用高位泡點(diǎn)進(jìn)料、塔底再沸器和塔頂冷凝器的重力回流方式，將甲醇-水進(jìn)行分離的填料精餾塔。本設(shè)計(jì)中已知了塔徑和塔高，可根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式計(jì)算填料層高度，而且可根據(jù)塔徑可以對(duì)填料支撐，液體分布，裙座等塔的構(gòu)建進(jìn)行選型。根據(jù)已知的條件結(jié)合書(shū)上的計(jì)算公式和參數(shù)，對(duì)塔設(shè)備進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度的設(shè)計(jì)，設(shè)計(jì)塔設(shè)備的尺寸，并對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的塔設(shè)備數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定校核，以確保設(shè)計(jì)能滿(mǎn)足各項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，從而得到分離甲醇-水混合物液的填料精餾塔。 關(guān)鍵字：填料塔；優(yōu)越性；常壓精餾；塔構(gòu)建選型；強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)；穩(wěn)定校核 Methyl alcohol rectifying tower design Abstract: The Packed tower is continuous contact with the gas-liquid mass transfer equipment, compared with tray column, The Packed tower not only has a simple structure, but also has higher capacity to product, The Packed tower can choose the separation of packing materials and handle corrosive materials, especially for operation of low pressure drop vacuum distillation, and the packed column shows superiority. In this paper, methanol–water mixture as the object of study. Because methanol - water system has a wide relative volatility at atmospheric, so the design adopt atmospheric pressure distillation. According to the material properties, operating conditions and other factors, we select packed tower. This design uses a high bubble point feed, bottom and top of the tower reboiller gravity reflux condenser, methanol - water distillation column packing to separate. The design of known diameter and tower height of the tower can be calculated based on experience packing layer height and diameter can be packed under the support tower, liquid distribution, the construction of the skirt so the selection of the tower. According to the book with known conditions and parameters of the formula, the strength of the tower equipment design, the size of tower equipment design, and design of the tower equipment calibration and stability data to ensure that the design can meet the standards, the get packed distillation column of separating methanol and water. Keywords: packed tower; superiority; atmospheric distillation; tower building selection; strength design; stability check. 目 錄 引言…………………………………………………………………1 1 已知設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)…………………………………………………… 4 2 設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定………………………………………………… 4 3 塔設(shè)備的選型…………………………………………………… 4 3.1 塔型………………………………………………………… 4 3.2 填料的選擇……………………………………………… 4 3.3 填料層的高度計(jì)算及分段………………………………… 5 4 填料塔內(nèi)件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………… 5 4.1 填料支承裝置………………………………………………… 5 4.2 填料的壓緊及限位裝置……………………………………… 6 4.3 填料塔液體分布器…………………………………………… 7 4.4 液體收集再分布器…………………………………………… 8 5 塔設(shè)備的附件…………………………………………………… 9 5.1 除沫器………………………………………………………… 9 5.2 裙座…………………………………………………………… 9 5.3 地腳螺栓座…………………………………………………… 10 5.4 排氣管和排氣孔……………………………………………… 11 5.5 塔底接管引出孔……………………………………………… 11 5.6 檢查孔………………………………………………………… 12 5.7 塔內(nèi)和裙座內(nèi)爬梯…………………………………………… 12 5.8 地腳螺栓……………………………………………………… 12 5.9 地腳螺栓模板………………………………………………… 13 5.10 塔頂?shù)踔?………………………………………………………13 5.11 塔釡隔板……………………………………………………… 13 5.12 接管…………………………………………………………… 13 5.13 管口擋板……………………………………………………… 14 5.14 人孔和手孔 ……………………………………………………14 5.15 塔的保溫支撐件 ………………………………………………14 5.16 操作平臺(tái)和梯子 ………………………………………………14 6 設(shè)備的強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)和穩(wěn)定校核 ……………………………………15 6.1 筒體和封頭尺寸計(jì)算……………………………………………15 6.2 載荷分析 ……………………………………………………… 17 6.3 自振周期計(jì)算 ………………………………………………… 20 6.4 風(fēng)載荷和風(fēng)彎矩計(jì)算 ………………………………………… 21 6.5 地震載荷和地震彎矩計(jì)算 …………………………………… 24 6.6 偏心載荷與偏心彎矩計(jì)算 …………………………………… 26 6.7 最大彎矩 ……………………………………………………… 26 6.8 強(qiáng)度校核 ……………………………………………………… 26 參考文獻(xiàn) ……………………………………………………………… 36 附錄 英文原文……………………………………………………………………38 譯文…………………………………………………………………………52 謝辭 ………………………………………………………………………62 iv