576 KD1060型載貨汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)（制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)）,576,KD1060型載貨汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)（制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)）,kd1060,載貨,汽車(chē),設(shè)計(jì),制動(dòng),系統(tǒng) KD1060型載貨汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)（制動(dòng)系設(shè)計(jì)） 摘 要 制動(dòng)系至少有兩套制動(dòng)裝置即行車(chē)制動(dòng)裝置和駐車(chē)制動(dòng)裝置。行車(chē)制動(dòng)裝置是用作強(qiáng)制行駛中的汽車(chē)減速或停車(chē)，并使汽車(chē)在下坡時(shí)保持適當(dāng)?shù)姆€(wěn)定車(chē)速。駐車(chē)制動(dòng)裝置是用作是汽車(chē)停在原地或坡道上。 制動(dòng)性能是車(chē)輛最重要的性能之一，車(chē)輛制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)性能的好壞直接影響到車(chē)輛行駛的安全性。因此，有必要對(duì)車(chē)輛制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的研究。 本設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)鼓式制動(dòng)器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式進(jìn)行綜合的分析，對(duì)六種形式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)作了比較，根據(jù)對(duì)各種制動(dòng)器方案對(duì)比分析，本設(shè)計(jì)采用了領(lǐng)從蹄式制動(dòng)器。其主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：制動(dòng)器的效能及穩(wěn)定性均處于中等水平，但由于其在汽車(chē)前進(jìn)與倒退時(shí)的制動(dòng)性能不變，且結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，造價(jià)較低，也便于附裝駐車(chē)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)；易于調(diào)整蹄片與制動(dòng)鼓之間的間隙。本次設(shè)計(jì)中，行車(chē)制動(dòng)系采用人力液壓式制動(dòng)；駐車(chē)制動(dòng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)為手動(dòng)駐車(chē)；串聯(lián)雙腔制動(dòng)主缸，雙回路結(jié)構(gòu)。前后制動(dòng)器都采用領(lǐng)從蹄式鼓式制動(dòng)器。設(shè)計(jì)中根據(jù)總體參數(shù)和制動(dòng)器的結(jié)構(gòu)與參數(shù)，通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo)和計(jì)算，對(duì)該車(chē)制動(dòng)時(shí)的制動(dòng)力和制動(dòng)力矩等做了細(xì)致的分析。 關(guān)鍵詞：制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，制動(dòng)器，行車(chē)制動(dòng)系，應(yīng)急制動(dòng) KD1060 TRUCK DESIGN （BRAKE SYSTEM） ABSTRACT Break system consists of service break arrangement and parking break arrangment.Service break system used to force the vehicle to show down and keep a steady speed when downgrading.The parking break system intended to hold the vehicle immovable when parked on an incline. The braking capability is one of the most important performances of vehicles, and the capability of the brake system directly affects the vehicles’ safety. Therefore, it is necessary to make a research about the vehicle’s braking system in detail. This design carries on the synthesis analysis to the drum type of the brake structural style. It compares the advantages and disadvantages of six kinds of forms, and according to this contrast analysis of the kinds of the brake plan, the horseshoe type’s brake is adopted. Its main merits are that although the brake efficiency and the stability are in the medium level, because the automobile braking performance is invariable when going ahead and going backwards, the construction cost is lower, and it attaches installs in the vehicle’s driving mechanism and adjusts the gap between the brake shoe patch and the brake drum easily.The design uses manual hydraulic break and series connected double cavity general pump. Both the front and rear break is double leading-rear break.According to the vehicle’s parameters and the break’s parameter,after theory analytic and calculating, we analyzed the breaking force and direction stability when breaking specifically. KEY WORD：braking system，brake ，service break system, emergency brake VI 車(chē)輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū) 常用符號(hào)表 —制動(dòng)器因數(shù) —汽車(chē)承受的總地面制動(dòng)力 —汽車(chē)制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)力 —輪胎與地面間的附著力 —制動(dòng)器摩擦副的摩擦系數(shù) —汽車(chē)重力 —重力加速度 —汽車(chē)質(zhì)心高度 —制動(dòng)減速度 —汽車(chē)軸距 —汽車(chē)總重量 —制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片與鼓之間的法向力 —制動(dòng)蹄的張開(kāi)力 —車(chē)輪有效半徑 —制動(dòng)器對(duì)車(chē)輪的制動(dòng)力矩 —汽車(chē)行駛速度 —地面對(duì)車(chē)輪的法向力 —汽車(chē)制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)力分配系數(shù) —輪胎與地面間的附著系數(shù) —同步附著系數(shù) 目 錄 第一章 概 述…………………………………………………………………1 第二章 制動(dòng)系的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及其選擇……………………………………3 §2.1制動(dòng)器結(jié)構(gòu)形式簡(jiǎn)介……………………………………………3 §2.2制動(dòng)器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式選擇…………………………………………4 §2.3制動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)型式選擇………………………………8 §2.4 液壓式制動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)雙回路系統(tǒng)方案選擇……………10 第三章 制動(dòng)系的主要參數(shù)及其選擇 …………………………………11 §3.1與設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的整車(chē)參數(shù)的確定………………………………11 §3.2制動(dòng)力及其分配系數(shù)…………………………………………11 §3.3同步附著系數(shù)……………………………………………………14 §3.4最大制動(dòng)力矩……………………………………………………16 §3.5制動(dòng)器的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與摩擦系數(shù)………………………………17 第四章 制動(dòng)器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算………………………………………………20 §4.1制動(dòng)器因數(shù)的計(jì)算………………………………………………20 §4.2張開(kāi)力計(jì)算………………………………………………………22 §4.3摩擦襯片的磨損特性計(jì)算……………………………………22 §4.4駐車(chē)制動(dòng)計(jì)算……………………………………………………24 §4.5 汽車(chē)制動(dòng)性能計(jì)算……………………………………………25 第五章 液壓制動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算………………………………27 §5.1制動(dòng)輪缸直徑與工作容積的確定……………………………27 §5.2制動(dòng)主缸直徑與工作容積確定………………………………28 §5.3制動(dòng)踏板力F與踏板行程的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算………………………28 §5.4真空助力器………………………………………………………29 §5.5制動(dòng)力分配的調(diào)節(jié)裝置………………………………………31 第六章 制動(dòng)器主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與強(qiáng)度計(jì)算………………30 §6.1制動(dòng)器主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)………………………………30 §6.2制動(dòng)器主要零件強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ……………………………………31 結(jié)論……………………………………………………………………………33 參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………34 致謝……………………………………………………………………………36