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第13課時八年級下冊Units3～4,考點一Couldyouplease...？句型/takeout的用法【課文原句】Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish？彼得，請你把垃圾倒掉好嗎？(八下P17),(1)“Couldyouplease...？”意為“請你……好嗎？”。could不表示過去時態(tài)，只是語氣比can更委婉。其肯定答語可用“Yes,sure./Certainly./ThatsOK./Noproblem.”等。否定答語可用“Sorry,Icant./Sorry,Imafraidnot.Because...”等。,—Couldyoupleasepassmethespoon？請你把勺子遞給我好嗎？—Sure.Hereyouare.當(dāng)然可以，給你?！狢anIuseyourdictionary？我可以用一下你的詞典嗎？—Sorry,butIamusingit！對不起，但我正用著呢！,【注意】其否定形式是在please后加not。Couldyoupleasenotplaycomputergames?請你不要玩電腦游戲了好嗎？,(2)takeouttherubbish意為“倒垃圾”。takeout意為“取出；拿出”。out是副詞，這類“動詞＋副詞”型短語可以帶賓語，賓語若是名詞，放在副詞前后皆可；賓語若是人稱代詞，只能放在副詞的前面。試比較：,Pleasetakeyournewbookout.＝Pleasetakeoutyournewbook.請拿出你的新書。Thenewbooksareinyourdesk.Pleasetakethemout.新書在你的課桌里，請把它們拿出來。,1．(2018湖南岳陽中考改編)—Couldyoupleasehelpmedothedishes?—___.IcutmyfingerandImtryingnottogetitwet.A．Yes,sureB．Sorry,IcantC．Yes,hereyouareD．Noway,B,考點二atleast與finish的用法【課文原句】CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow？我至少可以看完這個節(jié)目嗎？(八下P18),(1)atleast意為“至少，起碼”，通常指數(shù)量或程度。Evenifyoucannothelphim，youcangivehimencouragementatleast.就算你不能幫助他，至少你可以鼓勵他。Thereareatleastfiftystudentsintheclass.班里至少有五十個學(xué)生。,(2)finish后面常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，不能跟不定式作賓語。Whendoyoufinishyourhomework？你什么時候完成作業(yè)？Ifinishedreadingthebookyesterday.昨天我把這本書看完了。,2．(2017內(nèi)蒙古通遼中考)根據(jù)所給中文意思完成句子，每空限填一詞。你應(yīng)該每天至少看半個小時書。Youshouldreadbooksforatleasthalfanhoureveryday.,3．(2018甘肅蘭州中考)用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Afterfinishingdoing(do)yourhomework,youcanhaveagoodrest.,考點三neither的用法【課文原句】Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI．有一個星期，她沒做任何家務(wù)活，我也沒做。(八下P19)neither＋助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/連系動詞be＋主語，表示“主語也不……”。Shecannotswim；neithercanhersister.她不會游泳，她的妹妹也不會。,【注意】“neither＋單數(shù)名詞”或“neitherof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞”作主語時，通常視為單數(shù)。Neitherbookwasveryinteresting.兩本書都不是很有趣。Neitherofthemcanunderstandthemeaning.他們倆誰也不能理解這個意思。,4．(2017四川眉山中考)—Wouldyouliketogotothecitypark?—Imnotsure.IfMarkdoesnt,___．A．neitherIdoB．neitherdoIC．neitherIwillD．neitherwillI,D,考點四assoonas的用法【課文原句】MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在電視前坐下我媽媽就過來了。(八下P19),(1)assoonas“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于theminute(that)．..。若主句用一般將來時，assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。IllwritetoyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到那里就給你寫信。(2)assoonas還有“盡快”的意思，最常用的搭配是assoonaspossible,assoonasyoucan。,5．(2018青海中考改編)—Jack,haveyoudonethesurvey?—Notyet.IaminNewYorknow.Illfinishit___Icomeback.A．wheneverB．a(chǎn)ssoonasC．beforeD．a(chǎn)fter,B,考點五lend的用法【課文原句】Couldyoulendmesomemoney？你能借給我一些錢嗎？(八下P20)lendsb.sth.＝lendsth.tosb.意為“借給某人某物”。Shescrazytolendhimthemoney.她把錢借給他，真糊涂。,【辨析】borrow,lend與keep的“借”法有別！,6．(2017江蘇淮安中考)—Howlongcanaperson___asharedbike(共享單車)forfreeinNanjing?—Foranhour.A．keepB．getC．borrowD．lend,A,考點六inorderto的用法【課文原句】Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績和考入好的大學(xué)他們應(yīng)該把時間花在學(xué)業(yè)上。(八下P22),inorderto意為“為了……”，表示目的，后面跟動詞原形。其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為inordernotto...。Hewalkedaboutinordertokeepwarm.他來回走動是為了保持身體暖和。Inordernottobelate,hegotupveryearly.為了不遲到，他起床很早。,7．(2018甘肅天水中考)Inorder__forthecompetition,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A．nottobelateB．notbeinglateC．tobelateD．beinglate,A,8．(2017四川巴中中考)根據(jù)句意完成句子，使其意思相同或相近，每空一詞。A：Hegetsupearlyinordertogettoschoolontime.B：Hegetsupearly_______hecangettoschoolontime.,so,that,考點七mind的用法【課文原句】Idonotminddoingthem.我不介意做它們。(八下P22)mind意為“介意”，后面常用動名詞作賓語，而不能跟不定式作賓語。Wouldyoumindcomingwithmetothepolicestation？請你跟我到警察局去一趟好嗎？,【拓展】常見的跟動名詞作賓語的動詞有finish(完成)，enjoy(欣賞)，practice(練習(xí))等。Ienjoycleaningwindowsatnight.我喜歡在夜里擦窗戶。,9．(2019原創(chuàng))—Icantstandgameshows.Theyaretooboring.—Idont___them.IthinktheyareOK.A．standB．stayC．rideD．mind,D,10．(2019原創(chuàng))Doyoumind___thewindow?Itistoonoisyoutside.A．closeB．closingC．tocloseD．closed,B,考點八dependon的用法【課文原句】Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴父母。(八下P22)depend意為“依靠，依賴”，為不及物動詞，后面跟賓語時，要加介詞on或upon。Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.萬物生長靠太陽。Thepricedependsonthequality.價格取決于質(zhì)量。,【注意】dependonsb.todosth.＝dependononesdoingsth.，意為“指望某人做某事”。Youcantdependonthemtodoit.＝Y(jié)oucantdependontheirdoingit.你不能指望他們做它。,11．(2018湖北宜昌中考)—Aresearchsuggeststhatwalkinghelpspeoplelivelonger.—Iquiteagree,butit___onwhenandhowtheywalk.A．remainsB．separatesC．returnsD．depends,D,考點九allow的用法【課文原句】Myparentsdontallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.我父母不允許我和朋友一起閑逛。(八下P25)(1)allow作及物動詞，意為“準(zhǔn)許；允許”，allowsb.todosth.意為“允許某人做某事”。Myparentsneverallowmetoplaycomputergamesuntillateatnight.我父母從不允許我玩電腦游戲到深夜。,(2)allow(doing)sth.“允許(做)某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只可搭配名詞或動詞ing作賓語，不可以用動詞不定式。Thedrivingtestallowsnomistakes.這次駕考不允許有失誤。Theyallowedsmokinginthisroomonly.他們只允許在這間屋子里抽煙。,【拓展】allow“允許”這么用：,【注意】allow經(jīng)常用于被動語態(tài)，即beallowed。allowsb.todosth.中，sb.作賓語，動詞不定式作賓語補足語；allowdoingsth.中doingsth.是動名詞短語作賓語。,12．(2018湖南益陽中考改編)Ifyouareover18yearsold,you___todriveacarinourcountry.A．canallowB．cantallowC．canbeallowedD．cantbeallowed,C,13．(2018重慶中考B卷)Theirparentsdontallowthem___intheriverbecauseitsreallydangerous.A．swimB．swimmingC．toswimD．swam,C,考點十instead與whatever的用法【課文原句】Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.然而，他倒是看自己想看的任何節(jié)目一直到深夜。(八下P27)(1)instead副詞，意為“代替；然而”。Heistired.Letmedoitinstead.他累了。讓我代做吧。,【辨析】instead和insteadof不可“替代”,(2)whatever“任何；每一”，在該句中作連接代詞，連接賓語從句。Youcanshowwhateveryouhave.你有什么就展示什么吧。除了whatever，類似的詞還有：whenever“無論什么時候”；however“無論怎么樣”；wherever“無論在哪兒”等，這類詞主要用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。,Whateveryousay,Icantagreewithyou.無論你說什么，我都不會同意你。Whereveryougo，youshouldcallme.無論你去哪兒，你都應(yīng)該給我打個電話。,14．(2017江蘇蘇州中考)根據(jù)下列句子或通過上下文，寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式?！狣oyoustilltakethebustoschool?—No.NowIcancometoschoolbyunderground_______ofbybus.,instead,15．(2018廣東深圳中考改編)—Doyoustillrememberourprimaryschoolteacher,Mrs.Liu?—Yes,shealwaysencouragedusandgaveussupport___wemetdifficulties.A．wheneverB．whateverC．howeverD．wherever,A,考點十一offer的用法【課文原句】Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你的父母有問題，你應(yīng)該給他們提供幫助。(八下P27)offer動詞，意為“主動提出，自愿給予”。Heofferedmeacupoftea.他給我倒了杯茶。Heofferedtolendmehisbike.他主動提出要把自行車借給我。,【辨析】offer和provide各“提供”了什么,16．(2018湖北宜昌中考)—Inthepastfiveyears,ChinahasplayedanimportantroleintheBeltandRoad.—Ithas___manynationsagreatchancetocommunicate.A．offeredB．supportedC．includedD．directed,A,17．(2018江蘇泰州中考)Manytouristspreferfivestarhotelsbecausetheythinkexpensivehotelsalways___guestswithbetterservice.A．preventB．protectC．presentD．provide,D,考點十二compare的用法【課文原句】Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.并且他們總是把自己的孩子與別的孩子作比較。(八下P30)動詞compare意為“比較”。Ifyoucomparethetwobooks,youwillseethatthisoneisbetter.如果你比較一下這兩本書，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)這一本好一些。,【辨析】compare...with...和compare...to...好有一比,18．(2018甘肅天水中考)—Always___yourselfwithothers,youmayhavetonsofpressure.—Ifeelthesameway.Oneshouldbelieveinhimself.A．connectB．complainC．compareD．consider,C,