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摘 要
數(shù)控機床即數(shù)字程序控制機床，是一種自動化機床，數(shù)控技術(shù)是數(shù)控機床研究的核心，是制造業(yè)實現(xiàn)自動化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、柔性化、集成化的基礎(chǔ)。隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機床借助現(xiàn)代設(shè)計技術(shù)、工序集約化和新的功能部件使機床的加工范圍、動態(tài)性能、加工精度和可靠性有了極大的提高。
本文主要對XK5040數(shù)控立式銑床及控制系統(tǒng)進行設(shè)計，首先分析立式銑床的加工特點和加工要求確定其主參數(shù)，包括運動和動力參數(shù)；根據(jù)主參數(shù)和設(shè)計要求進行主運動系統(tǒng)、進給系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計。主要進行主運動系統(tǒng)和進給系統(tǒng)的機械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計及滾珠絲杠和步進電機的選型和校核；對于控制系統(tǒng)由于這里主要針對經(jīng)濟型數(shù)控銑床的設(shè)計，這里采用步進電機開環(huán)控制，計算機系統(tǒng)采用高性能價格比的MCS-51系列單片擴展系統(tǒng)，主要進行中央處理單元的選擇、存儲器擴展和接口電路設(shè)計。
關(guān)鍵詞 數(shù)控技術(shù)；立式銑床；設(shè)計
ABSTRACT
The numerical control engine bed is the digital process control engine bed, is one kind of automated engine bed, the numerical control technology is the core which the numerical control engine bed studies, is the manufacturing industry realization automation, the network, the flexibility, the integrated foundation. Along with the manufacture technology development, the modern numerical control engine bed with the aid of the modern design technology, the working procedure intensification and the new function part caused the engine bed the processing scope, the dynamic performance, the processing precision and the reliability had the enormous enhancement .
This article mainly carries on the design to the XK5040 numerical control vertical milling machine and the control system, first analyzes the vertical milling machine the processing characteristic and the processing request determines its host parameter, including movement and dynamic parameter; Carry on the host kinematic scheme according to the host parameter and the design request, enters for the system and the control system hardware circuit design. Mainly carries on the host kinematic scheme and enters for the system mechanism design and the ball bearing guide screw and electric stepping motor shaping and the examination; Regarding control system because here mainly aims at the economy numerical control milling machine the design, here uses electric stepping motor open-loop control, the computer system uses the high performance price compared to the MCS-51 series monolithic expansion system, mainly carries on the central processing element the choice, the memory expansion and the connection circuit design .
Key words Numerical control technology; Vertical milling machine; Design
目 錄
引言 1
第一章 總體設(shè)計 2
1.1、銑床簡介 2
1.2、XK5040型數(shù)控銑床的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)及總傳動圖 3
1.2.1 XK5040型數(shù)控銑床的主要技術(shù)參數(shù) 3
1.2.2 總傳動系統(tǒng)圖 4
第二章 主運動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 6
2.1 傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 6
2.1.1參數(shù)的擬定 6
2.1.2 傳動結(jié)構(gòu)或結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)的選擇 6
2.1.3 轉(zhuǎn)速圖擬定 8
2.1.4齒輪齒數(shù)的確定及傳動系統(tǒng)圖的繪制 11
２.２ 傳動件的估算與驗算 15
2.2.1傳動軸的估算和驗算 15
２.２.２齒輪模數(shù)的估算 18
２.３ 展開圖設(shè)計 23
２.３.１結(jié)構(gòu)實際的內(nèi)容及技術(shù)要求 23
２.３.２ 齒輪塊的設(shè)計 25
２.３.３ 傳動軸設(shè)計 27
２.３.４ 主軸組件設(shè)計 30
２.４ 制動器設(shè)計 36
２.４.１ 按扭矩選擇 37
２.５ 截面圖設(shè)計 38
２.５.１ 軸的空間布置 38
２.５.２ 操縱機構(gòu) 39
２.５.３ 潤滑 39
２.５.４箱體設(shè)計的確有關(guān)問題 40
第三章 進給系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 42
３.１ 總體方案設(shè)計 42
３.１.１對進給伺服系統(tǒng)的基本要求 42
３.１.２進給伺服系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計要求 42
３.１.３總體方案 43
３.２ 進給伺服系統(tǒng)機械部分設(shè)計 44
３.２.１確定脈沖當量，計算切削力 44
３.２.２滾珠絲桿螺母副的計算和造型 46
３.２.３齒輪傳動比計算 55
３.２.４ 步進電機的計算和選型 57
３.２.５ 進給伺服系統(tǒng)機械部分結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 65
參考文獻 70
致謝 71
附錄 72
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