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第二十講　九年級(全)　Units 13—14 ,中考基礎(chǔ)知識梳理 類別 課標(biāo)考點要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.wood→(形容詞)__wooden__ 2．harm→(形容詞)__harmful__ 3．transport→(名詞)__transportation__ 4．inspire→(名詞)__inspiration__ 5．graduate→(名詞)__graduation__ 6．care→(形容詞)__careful/careless__ 7．last→(副詞)__lastly__ 8．manage→(名詞)經(jīng)理__manager__ 9．congratulate→(名詞)__congratulation__ 10.our→(名詞性物主代詞)__ours__ 11．thank→(形容詞)__thankful__ 12．cost→(過去式)__cost__ →(過去分詞)__cost__ 13．create→(形容詞)__creative__ →(名詞)__creativity__ 14．overcome→(過去式)__overcame__ →(過去分詞)__overcome__ 短 語 歸 納 1.起作用；有影響__make__a__difference__ 2．參加__take__part__in__ 3．關(guān)掉__turn__off__ 4．付費；付出代價__pay__for__ 5．扔掉；拋棄__throw__away__ 6．好好利用某物__put__sth.to__good__use__ 7．拆下；摧毀__pull…down__ 8．上下顛倒；倒轉(zhuǎn)__upside__down__ 9．恢復(fù)；使想起；歸還__bring__back__ 10．在……方面起作用__play__a__part__in__ 11．砍倒__cut__down__ 12．代替；而不是__instead__of__ 13.對……有害__be__harmful__to__ 14．建立__set__up__ 15．連續(xù)幾次地__in__a__row__ 16．弄得一團糟(一塌糊涂)__make__a__mess__ 17．沉住氣；保持冷靜__keep__ones__cool__ 18．信任__believe__in__ 19．首先__first__of__all__ 20．渴望；渴求__be__thirsty__for__ 21．在……前面__ahead__of__ 22．對……有責(zé)任；負(fù)責(zé)任__be__responsible__for__ 23．出發(fā)；啟程__set__out__ 24．分離；隔開__separate__from__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) 1.因此，我們齊心協(xié)力就能帶來變化，創(chuàng)造更加美好的未來！ So together，our actions can __make__a__difference__ and __lead__to__ a better future! 2．如果它們的數(shù)目降至過低，會給所有海洋生物帶來危險。 If their numbers __drop__ too low，it __will__bring__ danger to all ocean life. 3．到目前為止，沒有科學(xué)研究顯示鯊魚鰭對健康有好處，所以為什么吃它們呢？ __So__far__，no scientific studies __have__shown__ that shark fins __are__good__for__ health，so why eat them? 4．對于帶小孩的父母來說，使用公共交通工具很難…… Its difficult __for__ parents __with__young children __to__use__ public transportation… 5．來自香港的杰西卡王使用人們不再穿的舊衣服來制作袋子。 Jessica Wong from Hong Kong __uses__old clothes that people dont wear anymore __to__make__ bags. 6.藝術(shù)不但能夠給他人帶來快樂，而且也說明只需要一點創(chuàng)造力，即便是冰冷、堅硬的鐵也可以產(chǎn)生活力。 __Not__only__can__the__art__ bring happiness to others，__but__it__also__shows__ that even cold，hard iron can __be__brought__back__to__ life with a little creativity. 7．現(xiàn)在到了畢業(yè)的時間了。 And now its time __to__graduate__． 8．感謝你們今天來參加第三中學(xué)的畢業(yè)典禮。 __Thank__you__for__coming__ today to attend the graduation ceremony at No.3 Junior High School. 9．但伴隨著困難，也有很多令人興奮的事情等著你們。 But __along__with__ difficulties，there will also be many exciting things __waiting__for__ you. 10．雖然現(xiàn)在你們不得不走向各自的方向，但我希望在幾年后，你們能夠回學(xué)校參觀。 __Although__ you have to go your separate ways now，I hope that __in__a__few__years__time__，you __will__come__ back to visit our school. 語法 結(jié)構(gòu) 1.復(fù)習(xí)used to、現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)、被動語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成時、情態(tài)動詞和非謂語動詞的用法。 2．狀語從句。 ,懷化五年中考真題演練 ◆重點詞匯 1．(2015懷化中考B卷)The station was crowded and Linda couldnt see Davy anywhere__． 2．(2015懷化中考B卷)While she was talking on the telephone.Davy__met__ (遇見)another dog outside the station. ◆重點句子 3．(2015懷化中考B卷)Luckily I did OK this time.(英漢互譯) __幸運的是這次我做得很好。__ ,懷化中考重難點突破 　afford的用法 【滿分點撥】 afford為動詞，意為“花費得起；能夠做；承擔(dān)得起(后果)；提供；給予”。 如：I thought he could afford a big house.我認(rèn)為他買得起大房子。 afford指“給予”時，可接雙賓語。 如：My parents afford me nearly all the things.我的父母幾乎給予了我一切。 afford to do是負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事，通常和can(could)，cant(couldnt)，be able to連用。 如：She can hardly afford to wait for another hour.她幾乎做不到再多等一小時了。 【考點搶測】 1．Her mother cannot__afford__(買得起) her a new dress. 2．They walked because they __couldnt__afford__(花費不起) a taxi. 3．We arent poor but we cant afford __to__buy__(buy)a house like that. 　believe in信任 【滿分點撥】 believe/believe in的用法辨析 (1)believe in ＋sb./sth.表示“相信某人/某事物的存在”。 (2)believe＋sb./sth.一般是指相信某人說的話，或所做的事。 【溫馨提示】 believe in doing sth.可以表示認(rèn)為做某事有用，肯定某事物的價值。 如：He believes in doing plenty of exercise. 他相信多做運動有好處。 【考點搶測】 believe　believe in 4．Mrs.Chen __believes__in__ all of them. 5．I __believe__ you can get good grades this time. ( C )6.—(2016湘潭中考模擬)I got a message saying my phone number won a prize worth $3，000. —Too good to be true.Dont ________it. A．do　　 B．hold　　 C．believe 　She has been doing this for a few years now.她一直在做這件事好幾年了。 【滿分點撥】 (1)“have been＋現(xiàn)在分詞”，是現(xiàn)在完成進行時。表示現(xiàn)在以前這一段時間里一直在進行的動作，這動作可能仍在進行，也可能已停止。如： It has been raining since last Sunday.自上周日以來就一直在下雨。 (2)現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別。 現(xiàn)在完成時可以表示一個已經(jīng)完成的動作，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時則表示一個正在進行的動作。如： I have read the book.我讀過這本書。I have been reading the book. 我一直在讀這本書。 【溫馨提示】 有少數(shù)動詞(如work，study，live，teach，stay等)在表示持續(xù)一段時間時用這兩種時態(tài)含義差不多(只是用現(xiàn)在完成進行時更強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性)。如： How long have you worked/been working here？你在這兒工作多久了？ 【考點搶測】 ( A )7.Mr.Zhang has been________here for 30 years. A．living　　　B．lives　　　C．lived ,高頻話題寫作指導(dǎo) 保護環(huán)境 ◆寫作導(dǎo)圖 從全國近五年保護環(huán)境的相關(guān)話題的書面表達(dá)的命題來看，通常有三個角度的內(nèi)容： 1．記敘你參加過的一次環(huán)?；顒?； 2．地球是人類唯一的家園。為遏制和改善環(huán)境日益惡化的狀況，在日常生活中人們應(yīng)該做到減少廢氣排放、種植綠色植被等來保護自然環(huán)境； 3．我們能為保護環(huán)境做些什么呢？以“環(huán)保從我做起”為話題談?wù)摴?jié)約資源、垃圾分類、循環(huán)利用等。 結(jié)合懷化考情，可以預(yù)測第三種命題角度出題幾率更大。 ◆亮點句型速成 常用句型：Everyone should protect the environment.And the world will become much more beautiful. 推薦句型：→If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment，the world will become much more beautiful. 常用句型：We should plant many trees，and we can live better. 推薦句型：→①We are supposed to plant more trees in order to live better in the future. →②If we plant more and more trees，we will live better in the future. (一)開頭句 1．It is very important to take care of our environment. (二)中間句 2．Its our duty to protect our environment. 3．We should not throw litter onto the ground. 4．We should not spit in a public place/cut down the trees. 5．We are supposed to plant more flowers and trees. 6．We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin. 7．Trees are very helpful and important for us. (三)結(jié)尾句 8．Recycling trash is also important. 9．Many rivers and lakes are seriously polluted.Something must be done to stop the pollution. 10．Its necessary to save water. 11．Its everyones duty to love and protect the environment. ◆寫作模板 On具體的時間morning，人物and I decided to do something to 目的．First，we具體的行為and then we具體的活動and advised others not to建議別人不要做一些破壞環(huán)境的事情．We feel a little作者的感受but happy because作者為自己所做的事情感到自豪．Everyone should作貢獻(xiàn)to protecting our environment. ◆典例剖析 假設(shè)你叫王磊，目前，我市正在開展創(chuàng)建“文明衛(wèi)生城市”的活動，學(xué)校也提出了“垃圾不落地，校園更美麗”的口號，為了積極響應(yīng)學(xué)校號召，上周你和幾位同學(xué)到火車站進行志愿者活動，貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量。請把你所做的事寫一封電子郵件告訴你的好朋友Bob。 Place Train station Time From 8：00 to 12：00 on Saturday morning Activities Clean the benches，pick up the rubbish，sweep the ground Feeling A little tired but happy 【審題指導(dǎo)】　細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息： 1．文章為電子郵件，要求向朋友講述在響應(yīng)“文明衛(wèi)生城市”“垃圾不落地，校園更美麗”的活動中，我和同學(xué)們一起到火車站進行志愿者活動(包括時間、地點、人物、活動、感受)。 2．本文描述自己的經(jīng)歷，寫作時用第一人稱，其他人用第三人稱。 3．回憶事件通常用一般過去時，抒發(fā)個人情感及感悟用一般現(xiàn)在時。語句通順，書寫規(guī)范，卷面整潔，語法正確。 4．詞數(shù)應(yīng)不少于80詞，不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名。 【范文點評】 Dear Bob， ①Im__writing__to__tell__you__about__a__voluntary__activity__last__week.We got to the train station at 8 oclock on Saturday morning.②My__classmates__and__I__decided__to__do__something__to__make__it__cleaner__and__tidier.③First，we__cleaned__the__benches，and__then__we__picked__up__the__rubbish__and__advised__others__not__to__throw__rubbish__here__and__there.At noon，we swept the ground together and then we left. ④We__were__a__little__tired__after__long__hours__of__hard__work，but__we__were__still__very__happy. I hope everyone will ⑤make__a__contribution__to improving the environment of our city. Hope to write soon. Best wishes! Yours， Wang Lei ①開門見山地引出事件。 ②動詞的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，make sth.adj.，make it cleaner and tidier“使……更清潔/更整潔”，增加 了文章的可讀性。 ③固定詞組cleaned the benches，picked up the rubbish等的運用彰顯小作者詞匯之豐富，也是增分的亮點。 ④點明主題并升華，a little tired but happy“有點累但是很高興”。 ⑤make a contribution“為……作出貢獻(xiàn)”。彰顯了小作者詞語運用的嫻熟，也給文章增色不少。 ,中考熱點素材拓展 微信、支付寶購物；網(wǎng)絡(luò)新詞(么么噠，小鮮肉等)；上海 迪斯尼樂園 Do you use WeChat Payment or AliPay to buy things？Now，you have one more choice—Apple Pay.Apple Pay came to China on Feb 18，making China the fifth country to have this service.Apple products，like the iPhone6 and certain iPads and Apple Watches，support this service. The customers of 19 Chinese banks will be able to link their band cards to Apple Pay.When they buy things，they just need to place their iPhone in front of the POS machine and put their fingers on the iPhone.Some users like Apple Pay，saying its faster than WeChat Payment and AliPay.But others dont like it，because not all Apple products and not many stores support the service. Last year，did you find that you kept using words like memeda(a phrase to show cuteness and love) and xiaoxianrou(meaning“young and pretty men”)？If yes，you are not alone.The two words were so popular that they were included in 2016s“most popular cyber words and phrases” lists in China. Most of the words and phrases seem funny and playful，but they also show lifestyle changes.The term duoshoudang(meaning“shopping addicts ”)is a good example.Meanwhile，xiasibaobaole(meaning“you scared the pants off me”)is also used for fun. The opening of Shanghais new Disneyland Park has been highly expected since construction began in April 2008.Shanghai Disneyland is the sixth Disneyland Park in the world，and the first one on the Chinese mainland(大陸)．It will be finished in June，2016.When it opens，the park will have the biggest castle(城堡) of any Disneyland and one of the largest lakes，too.There are also new special attractions，especially for Chinese visitor.One of these will be the zodiac(黃道十二宮圖) character garden.A Disney character will represent each of the zodiac characters. ( B )1.How many countries can use Apple Pay to buy things now? A．4.　　　　　B．5.　　　　　C．6. ( C )2.Which phrase shows the change of lifestyle? A．Xiasibaobaole. B．Memeda. C．Duoshoudang. ( A )3.Where might you see the passage above? A．A newspaper.　　　B．A play. C．A novel. ( C )4.According to the passages，which of the following is FALSE? A．Shanghai Disneyland is the sixth Disneyland Park in the world. B．We can use WeChat Payment，AliPay and Apple Pay to but things now. C．It will take ten years to finish Shanghais new Disneyland Park.