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Grammar,Inversion,,語法精解,倒裝 Inversions 英語句子的自然順序是主語在前,謂語在后。把謂語動詞放在主語之前,就叫倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果全部謂語放在主語之前, 叫全部倒裝; 如果只把助動詞或be 動詞放在主語之前就叫部分倒裝。,,基本語序natural order,subject 主+ predicate 謂+object 賓,I love English.,predicate + subject,助動詞auxiliary/情態(tài)動詞modal verb + subject + v +…,,完全倒裝 full inversion,部分倒裝 partial inversion,,,Here came the headmaster.,Nerve will I forgive you.,全部倒裝 用于 there be 句型。 There are many students in the classroom.,原句自然順序是： Many students are there in the classroom.,2. 用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物動詞 + 主語的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副詞開頭的句子里面,表示強調(diào)。 Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes our turn. Out went the children.,,注意：,代詞作主語時, 主謂語序不變。,Here it is. In he comes.,3. 當(dāng)句首狀語是表示地點的介詞詞組時,也常引起全部倒裝。,South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley came a frightening sound. Under the tree stands a little boy.,劃線的均是表示地點狀語的介詞詞組,并且是位于句首。,4. 表語置于句首時, 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)采用“表語＋連系動詞＋主語”的結(jié)構(gòu) 形容詞＋連系動詞＋主語 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.,2) 過去分詞＋連系動詞＋主語 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 3) 介詞＋連系動詞＋主語 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,5. 為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,或為了強調(diào)表語或狀語,或為了使上下文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.,,強調(diào)狀語,保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,1. 用于疑問句 Do you speak English? 2. 用于省略if 的虛擬條件句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.,由 If you had reviewed your lessons 這樣一個虛擬條件分句變過來的。,部分倒裝,3. 用于“形容詞(或名詞、動詞)＋ as (though)” 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。 Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they don’t know how to spend it.,4. 用于no sooner than, hardly when 和 not until的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.,5. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定詞開頭的句子里。 Never shall I do this again. At no time can you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.,6. 用于only開頭的句子(only位于句首,修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句) Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.,7. 用于 so, nor, neither 開頭的句子,表示重復(fù)的內(nèi)容。此句謂語應(yīng)與前句謂語的時態(tài)形式一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I. So he has,我也去過。 是的，他確實去過。,8. 在 so / such that 的結(jié)構(gòu)中,若so 置于句首,則句子部分倒裝 So difficult a problem is it that I can’t work it out. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.,如果直接引語后注明引語是什么人所說的, 主語是名詞時, 用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。主語是代詞時, 一般不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 “ Let’ go,” said the man / he said. 用于 某些祝愿的句子。 May you succeed.,1. ---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? ---I don’t know, _______. A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also,配套練習(xí),Ⅰ. Multiple choices.,2. Not until all the fish died in the river ____ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didn’t the villagers realized,3. Only in this way ____ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 4. Hardly ____ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive,5. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake ____ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made,7. No sooner ____ his talk than he ___ by the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded near,8. Little ___ know about verbs, Franz __ his head. A. did he; dare not lift B. he; dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesn’t; doesn’t dare lift,9. Not only __ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes 10. I finally got the job. Never in all life___ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt,12. ____ a mobile phone can you ring ___ you want to talk with anywhere. A. Using; whoever B. Only on; whoever C. With; whoever D. Using; whomever,把下列句子改為倒裝。,1. I have never seen him before. ________________ I seen him. 2. she had hardly gone out when a student came to see her. _____________________ when a student came to see her.,Never before have,Hardly had she gone out,3. I didn’t go there. he didn’t go there either. I didn’t go there, _____________ _____.,neither/ nor did he,4. A terrible Genie(妖怪) stood before the fisherman. Before the fisherman ______ _______________.,stood a,terrible Genie,5. In those days people seldom did experiment to test their ideas. ____________________________ to test their ideas.,Seldom did people do experiment,6. You can learn English well only in this way. __________________ you learn English well.,Only in this way can,7. Lu Xun was not only a great writer, but also a great thinker. __________________ a great writer, but also a great thinker.,Not only was Lu Xun,8. It didn’t stop raining until midnight. ___________________ it stop raining.,Not until midnight did,根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下列句子。 2. __________________ (我很少聽到) such beautiful singing.,Seldom have I heard,4. I think this is the first time that we have met; ___________________________ ______ (我們以前在哪兒都沒見過). 5. __________________________ (他剛睡著) than he heard a knock at the door.,No sooner had he fallen asleep,never have we seen each other before,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,