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訓(xùn)練4　議論文 A (2016威海二模) Its Nice to be Home 1 I have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries.They were wonderful adventures filled with new sights and experiences.And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages. Were home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life. 2 I find that when I am at home，particularly for a while when we have just returned from a trip，I feel very comfortable.Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through it almost without thinking. 3 Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants，although its nice to let someone else do the cooking，and because I can sleep in my own bed.There are times I think it would be nice to simply stop travelling and stay home and Im sure I would be very comfortable if that were to happen. 4 Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so. 5 Still，one of the best things about travelling for me is coming home.Im very comfortable here at home even if it is difficult to say exactly why. A．I like to travel very much. B．I enjoy local food while travelling. C．I like being home，for whatever reason. D．Perhaps it is because our friends are here. E．And I enjoy my daily life at home so much. F．We want to see as much of the world as we can. G．Its lucky that my wife and I both love travelling. 本文是一篇議論文。作者很喜歡旅游，但每次旅游回到家都感到很舒服，或許因?yàn)橹車囊磺泻苁煜ぃ蛟S因?yàn)榭梢栽诩页燥?，或許因?yàn)榭梢运谧约旱拇采稀? 1．A　[根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容并結(jié)合“I have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries.”和“And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages.”可知作者很喜歡旅游。] 2．E　[根據(jù)第二段首句“Were home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life.”中的our daily routine of life可知E項(xiàng)正確。] 3．D　[上句提到“Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through it almost without thinking.”下句提到“Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants.”因此過渡句中也應(yīng)出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞perhaps it is because，故D項(xiàng)正確。] 4．C　[通過第二段的敘述并結(jié)合第三段首句“Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while”中的關(guān)鍵詞have been home可知作者很喜歡在家。] 5．F　[根據(jù)上兩句“I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so.”可知作者想盡可能多地游覽世界各地。] B (2016西安市質(zhì)量檢測(cè)) Each year，many animal species die out.They join the countless species that have gone extinct(滅絕的) over the course of the earths history and many people believe they disappear forever. 6 Now some scientists are focusing on the ability to bring back extinct species.This doesnt mean the plot of Jurassic Park is going to become a reality.The researchers need DNA to clone a species. 7 Dinosaurs have been gone too long for any of their DNA to remain in fossils(化石)． But theres a very real chance that we will be able to bring back more recently extinct species. 8 In 2003，a team of Spanish and French scientists recreated the Pyrenean ibex，which had gone extinct three years earlier.The new animal didnt survive long，but scientific advances could improve the success rate.In January，Australian scientists announced that they were on their way to bringing back the gastric brooding frog. That we can bring species back doesnt mean that we should do that.There may be much benefit of reviving(使復(fù)生) a species，but theres no way to know how it will turn out. 9 Or might it crowd out existing species? Environmentalists worry that our ability to bring species back might cut down support for the hard work of traditional conservation. 10 If we can correct our mistake，why not use the chance to do that? As Stewart Brand，a businessman and environmentalist，recently said，“Humans have made a huge hole in nature.We have the ability now to repair some of that damage.” A. However，some people argue that the extinction of some animals is really our mistake. B．In addition，most people think that the extinction of some animals is really humans mistake. C．This could even include Ice Age animals like the woolly mammoth. D．However，you might need to redefine(重新定義) “forever”． E．For example，would a passenger pigeon fit into its old habitat(棲息地)? F．This could even be true to dinosaurs that have been extinct long ago. G．DNA is the chemical that carries the structure of a living thing. 本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了我們可以用克隆手段來使滅絕的動(dòng)物重新回到世界上，但這并不意味著我們應(yīng)該那樣去做。 6．D　[空格前指出“許多人認(rèn)為一些動(dòng)物物種會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)消失”；第二段首句指出“現(xiàn)在一些科學(xué)家正致力于恢復(fù)這些滅絕物種的研究”；由此可知，D項(xiàng)“然而，你也許需要重新定義‘永遠(yuǎn)’這個(gè)詞的含義”與上文中的“forever”呼應(yīng)，且引出下文內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。] 7．G　[根據(jù)上文可知，研究人員需要DNA來克隆一個(gè)物種；根據(jù)下文可知，恐龍已經(jīng)消失太久了，它們的DNA存在于它們的化石當(dāng)中；由此可知，此處應(yīng)是對(duì)DNA進(jìn)行介紹，G項(xiàng)“DNA是一種攜帶了生物結(jié)構(gòu)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。] 8．C　[根據(jù)上文可知，我們真的有機(jī)會(huì)能夠恢復(fù)更接近現(xiàn)代的滅絕物種；根據(jù)下文可知，空格后主要講述的是研究例證；由此可知，C項(xiàng)“這甚至包括冰川時(shí)期的動(dòng)物如猛犸象”承接上文，下文的例子則對(duì)其進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步論證，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。] 9．E　[根據(jù)空格后的“or”表并列可知，此處與下文應(yīng)是對(duì)稱的一般疑問句。E項(xiàng)“例如，旅鴿能夠適應(yīng)之前的棲息地嗎”與下文銜接密切，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。] 10．A　[根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，恢復(fù)物種也許會(huì)有很多好處，但“我們”無法知道結(jié)果如何。環(huán)保人士擔(dān)心恢復(fù)物種的能力也許會(huì)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的保護(hù)物種的艱辛工作產(chǎn)生不良影響；空格后句意：如果“我們”能糾正自己的錯(cuò)誤，為什么不利用這次機(jī)會(huì)呢？由此可知，上下文之間構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)中的“However...our mistake.”照應(yīng)下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。] C (2016成都二珍) Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot. In a bowl of salad，all the ingredients are mixed together. 11 Together，however，the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product.They may be covered with the same dressing(調(diào)味醬)，but the green vegetables，tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are. From this point of view，America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together，yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies，but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life. 12 Each ethnic group has its own special customs，language，food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity；that is，American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country. 13 Here，society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together，sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked，the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense，America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There are dozens of shared symbols. 14 In such a culture，symbols like the flag and the nations official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups. Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot，America can be best described as a mixture of both. 15 A．Both are correct depending on ones point of view. B．They never lose their shapes，colors or tastes. C．This is why there is so much diversity within America. D．In other words，America is a nation where there is unity in diversity. E．Thus，one needs to abandon ones culture to be considered “American”． F．They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture. G．The other theory，which is also used to describe American society，is the melting pot. 本文是一篇議論文，主要談?wù)摿嗣绹?guó)就像一個(gè)沙拉碗或熔爐，來自世界各地的人們構(gòu)成了美國(guó)多元化的社會(huì)。 11．B　[根據(jù)下文中的“the ingredients make up a unity”和“can all be seen for what they are”可推測(cè)出，此段主要論述雖然美國(guó)社會(huì)就像一碗沙拉，所有的原料都混合在一起，但各種原料卻沒有因此失去自己的特色，即我們能看到不同種類的文化組成了現(xiàn)在的美國(guó)社會(huì)。所以B項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B。] 12．C　[根據(jù)下文中的“Each ethnic group has its own special...and defend.”可知，每個(gè)民族都有自己要保護(hù)和保衛(wèi)的特殊的文化、語(yǔ)言、食物和傳統(tǒng)。由此可推斷出，此處解釋了美國(guó)多元文化存在的原因。C項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C。] 13．G　[根據(jù)第一段中的兩種觀點(diǎn)“a salad bowl”和“a melting pot”及空格后的“one large pot of soup”可知，本段要介紹另外一種觀點(diǎn)。G項(xiàng)說法和第一段中的第二種觀點(diǎn)一致。故選G。] 14．F　[根據(jù)下文中的“In such a culture，symbols like...serve to...groups.”可知，共同擁有的符號(hào)有助于消除不同民族之間的隔閡，創(chuàng)造出一種新文化。F項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)境，且“They”指代上文中的“symbols”。故選F。] 15．D　[該段是對(duì)全文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。即美國(guó)是一個(gè)具有多樣性和統(tǒng)一性的國(guó)家。D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，是對(duì)前面一句內(nèi)容的另一種表述。故選D。] D (2016長(zhǎng)春檢測(cè)) Happiness is the only true measure of personal success.Making other people happy is the highest expression of success. 16 With that in mind，here are some suggestions that will immediately increase the amount of happiness in your life： 17 If theres any big truth about life，its that it usually lives up to your expectations.Therefore，when you rise from bed，make your first thought：“Something wonderful is going to happen today.” Guess what? Youre probably right. Take time to plan and prioritize(優(yōu)先處理)． The most common source of stress is the thought that youve got too much work to do.Rather than worry about it，pick one thing that will move you closer to your highest goal and purpose in life.Then do that first. Eat high quality food slowly. 18 Even so，at least once a day try to eat something really delicious，like a small chunk of fine cheese or an imported chocolate.Taste it，focus on it and enjoy it. Let go of your results. The big enemy of happiness is worry，which comes from focusing on events that are outside your control.Once youve taken action，theres usually nothing more you can do. 19 End each day with gratitude. Just before you go to bed，write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.It might be something as small as making a child laugh or something as huge as a million dollar deal. 20 A．Start each day with expectations. B．Give a gift to everyone you meet. C．Think about the thing that makes your head hurt. D．Its impossible to make others happy if youre not happy. E．Whatever it is，be grateful for that day because it will never come again. F．Sometimes we cant avoid eating something quickly and running. G．Focus on the job at hand rather than some fantasy that might happen. 本文是一篇議論文，講述了我們應(yīng)該如何來增加我們生活中的幸福感。 16．D　[根據(jù)前文“Making other people happy is the highest expression of success.”和后文“With that in mind...in your life”可知這里與D項(xiàng)“自己不開心時(shí)想要使別人開心，那是不可能的事情”語(yǔ)境相符。] 17．A　[根據(jù)后文“If theres any big truth about life，its that it usually lives up to your expectations.”可知，不要辜負(fù)你的期望，所以應(yīng)該是每天都帶著期望開始新一天的生活，故選A項(xiàng)。] 18．F　[根據(jù)“Eat high quality food slowly.”可知，要慢慢享受高質(zhì)量的食物，這與F項(xiàng)語(yǔ)境相符。] 19．G　[根據(jù)“Once youve taken action，theres usually nothing more you can do.”可知，過多的擔(dān)憂完全沒有必要，所以應(yīng)該專注于手頭的工作，而非臆測(cè)可能發(fā)生的可怕結(jié)果，故選G項(xiàng)。] 20．E　[根據(jù)“...write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.”可知，要寫下至少一件當(dāng)天發(fā)生的美好的事情，這與E項(xiàng)語(yǔ)境相符。] E (2016云南紅河州檢測(cè)) We spend so much time waiting to be loved，hoping love will find us，and looking for that special love.Unfortunately，thats not usually how life works.To be loved，you should love and respect yourself as much as you do others.In order to love someone，you should love yourself. ● Stop comparing yourself to others. 21 We all have different gifts.When you compare yourself to others for what they have，whether it is a car，a house，or a job，it makes you feel bad about yourself.Really be grateful about everything you have.Gratitude keeps your heart open to love. ●Practise receiving love.To truly love is to be able to receive it.When someone loves you，does some kind deeds to you，or says kind words，accept it. 22 Know that you are worthy of love.It is important to accept a gift of love by others.You give yourself a chance to learn more about yourself that you are lovable. 23 ● 24 Write about your experiences，good and bad.When you write down good experiences，allow yourself to feel those feelings.When you remember bad experiences，allow yourself to feel self－compassion.Compassion is not self－pity，but rather willingness to accept ones own pain and regret. ●Stop trying to be perfect.Stop blaming yourself for being less than perfect. 25 Just follow all the steps above and dont let anyones expectations of you put any pressure on you. A. Keep a diary. B．Appreciate yourself. C．Do not feel sorry about it. D．Always do your best，but not reaching perfection is not a failure. E．Allow yourself to feel the love that has come your way. F．You give someone a joy of giving by loving you. G．Everyone on the earth is unique. 本文是一篇議論文，告訴我們想要被愛首先要學(xué)會(huì)愛自己，在愛自己的前提下去愛別人。 21．G　[根據(jù)后一句“我們都有不同的天賦”可知，這是因?yàn)槭澜缟系拿總€(gè)人都是獨(dú)一無二的。故選G項(xiàng)。] 22．E　[根據(jù)前一句“當(dāng)有人愛你時(shí)，對(duì)你做一些善意的舉動(dòng)或說些親切的話時(shí)，你就接受吧”可知。要用自己的方式感受愛的存在。故選E項(xiàng)。] 23．F　[根據(jù)前文“接受別人愛的贈(zèng)予是重要的，從中你可以更好地了解自己是多么可愛”可知，你在接受愛你的人給予你愛的同時(shí)，愛你的人也會(huì)感到快樂。故選F項(xiàng)。] 24．A　[根據(jù)后一句“經(jīng)常寫下你的體驗(yàn)，無論好的還是壞的”可知，作者建議你經(jīng)常寫日記。故選A項(xiàng)。] 25．D　[根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知，作者建議你不要刻意地去追求完美。故選D項(xiàng)。] 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：90892058】